30 ft., if trained against a wall, or drawn up among trees, and other shrubs. A plant, which we received from Colonel Carr, of Bartram's Botanic Garden, near Philadelphia, in 1830, produced, in our garden at Bayswater, trailing shoots from 6 ft. to 8 ft. long, in one season. 10. P. Tomento'sus Wall. The woolly-leaved Philadelphus, or Mock

Orange. Identification. Wall. Cat., 3658.; Don's Mill., 2. p. 807. Synonymes. P. nepalensis Lodd. Cat. edit. 1836; · P. trifldrus Royle. Engraving. Royle Illust., t. 46. f. 1. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves ovate, acuminated, denticulated, tomentose beneath.

Racemes terminal. Pedicels opposite. Lobes of calyx ovate, acute. (Don's Mill., ii. p. 807.). A native of Nepal and Kamaon. Introduced in 1822; and growing to the height of 5 ft. or 6 ft. P. trifòrus, Royle observes, is, probably, only P. tomentosus in a less advanced state. There are plants of this very distinct species in the arboretum of Messrs. Loddiges, and in the Hammersmith Nursery, but they have not yet flowered.

Genus II.

DECUMA'RIA L. The DECUMARIA. Lin. Syst. Dodecándria

Monogynia. Identification. Lin. Gen., No. 597. ; Lam. I., t. 403. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 808. Synonyme. Forsythia Walt., not of Vahl. Derivation. From decuma, a tenth ; in reference to the prevailing number, in some of the parts

of fructification, being ten. In De Candolle's description of the genus, it is stated that the teeth and nerves of the calyx, the petals, the stigmas, and the cells of the capsule, are each usually ten.

Description. A deciduous trailing and rooting shrub. A native of Lower Carolina, in shady places. Introduced in 1785; but, being of little beauty, and somewhat tender, not frequent in collections. It will grow in any dry soil, and is readily propagated by cuttings.

mit 1. D. BAʼRBARA L. The barbarous Decumaria. Identification. Lin. Sp., No. 1668.; Dec. Prod., 3. p. 206. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 808. Synonymes. D. radicans Mænch Meth., 17.; D. Forsythia Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 282. ; D.

prostrata Lodd. Cat.
Engravings. N. Du Ham., 6. t. 20.; and our figs. 679, 680.
Spec. Char., fc. A sarmentose shrub. Leaves

680
ovate-oblong, acute at both ends, glabrous, en-
tire or toothed at the tip. Buds hairy with
short rufous hairs. (Dec. Prod., iii. p. 206.) The
flowers, which appear in July and August, are
sweet-scented; but they are only produced in

favourable situations ; and the
plant seldom rises above 4. ft. or
5 ft., in the open air, in the climate
of London." The only place in
which we have seen a vigorous
growing plant of: Decumària

is in the garden of the Rev 679 Thomas Garnier, at Bishop Stoke, in Hampshire, where, in 1834, it had attained the height of 12 ft., trained against a wall. To what the specific name applies we do not know. Variety. * D. 6. 2 sarmentosa Dec. Prod., č.p. 206.; D. sarmentosa Bosc Act. Soc.

Hist. Nat. Par., I. p. 76. t. 13., Hort. Brit.; Forsythia scándens
Walt, Car., 154.- Lower leaves rounded; upper leaves ovate-lan-

ceolate. (Dec. Prod., iii. p. 206.) A native of moist shaded places in Virginia and Carolina. Judging from the plant in the Horticultural Society's Garden, it only differs from the species in being a little more vigorous.

App. I. Half-hardy ligneous Plants of the Order Philadelphàceæ.

Deutzia scabra Thunb. (Don's Mill., 2. p. 808.; Bot. Reg., t. 1718.; and our fig. 681.) is a climbing or an ascending shrub, with ovate, acuminated, serrated leaves ; scabrous stellate hairs; and with white flowers, in compound panicles. It is a native of Japan, where the leaves are used by joiners in snioothing and polishing. It was introduced in 1822; grows to the height of 6 ft. or 7 ft., flowering in May or June; and appears to be as hardy as Caprifolium japonicum. It is a very showy free-flowering plant, and deserves a place in every collection. It is readily propagated by cuttings or layers, and thrives in any light soil, trained to a wall, and slightly protected during severe frosts. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 58. each.

D. corymbosa R. Br., Don's Mill., 2. p. 808., Royle Illust., t. 46. f. 2.; Philadelphus corymbosus Wall.; has glabrous leaves, and white flowers. It is a native of Kamaon ; grows to the height of 3 ft. or 4 ft., and probably is as hardy as the preceding sort. (See p. 173.) There are plants in the London Horticultural Society's Garden. D. staminea R. Br., Philadélphus stamineus Wall., has entire, scabrous, lanceolate leaves, and

It is a native of Nepal, on high mountains; but it is not yet introD. Brundnia Wall., Leptospermum scabrum Wall., has ovate leaves, and axillary white flowers. It is a native

of Kamaon, but has not yet been introduced. The last three sorts are probably only varieties of one form.

white sweet-scented flowers, duced.

CHAP. XLIX.

OF THE HALF-HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER MYRTA'CER.

a

This is one of the most natural groups of woody plants; and, in general, may be easily recognised by its opposite entire leaves, full of transparent dots ; which indicate the presence of an oil which is fragrant, aromatic, pungent, volatile: hence the grateful perfume of the leaves, flowers, and fruit of the greater number of plants belonging to this order. Like most highly aromatic woody plants, the species are chiefly inhabitants of warm climates. The common myrtle is a native of Europe; but all the other genera belong to North or South America, Africa, Asia, or Australia. A great many of the species are very suitable for a conservative wall, from their being evergreen, and from the beauty of their foliage and flowers; and many of them, in the neighbourhood of London, require little more protection than the common myrtle. All the species may be readily propagated by cuttings. The half-hardy, or greenhouse, species, cultivated in British gardens, will be found arranged in the four following groups :- I. Melaleuceæ; II. Euleptospérmeæ ; III. Mýrteæ; and IV. Chamælaucièæ.

Sect. I. MELALEU CEÆ. Stamens polyadelphous. Fruit dry.

Tristània nerüfòlia R. Br.; Melaleuca neriifolia Sims Bot. Mag., t. 1058. ; M. salicifolia Bot. Rep., t. 485.; and our fig. 689. ; is a native of New South Wales, introduced in 1804, and flowering from 683

682 June to September. In its native country, it is a tree growing to the height of from 20 ft. to 30 ft. There has been a stool of this species in the American ground of the Kensington Nursery,for upwards of 10 years, which, though protected by mats during winter, shows the species to be tolerably hardy. There are several other species described, but very few of them have yet been introduced. (See Don's Mill., ii. p. 813.)

Beaufortia decussùta R. Br. (Bot. Reg., t. 18.; Bot. Mag., t. 1733. ; and our fig. 683.) is a native of New Holland, introduced in 1800, and producing its scarlet flowers from May to July. It attains, in green-houses, the height of 8 ft. or 10 ft., growing freely, and flowering abundantly every year; and, doubtless, would be very suitable for a conservative wall. It, and all the species of the preceding genus, and following genera, are of the easiest propagation and culture in sand and peat.

Calothamnus villosa R. Br. (Bot. Reg., t. 1099.; and our fig. 684.) is a native of New Holland, introduced in 1823, growing to the height of 4 it, or 5 ft., and producing its splendid scarlet flowers from July to September. č. gracilis R. Br., C. quadrifida R. Br. Bot. Mag., t. 1506, and C. clavata Cunningh., from New Holland, are also in British gardens. The first is the most common.

Melaleuca squàmea Labill. (Bot. Reg., t. 477.) is a native of Van Diemen's Land, where it formis a middie-sized tree, with lanceolate leaves, and lilac flowers. Introduced in 1805, and flowering in June and July.

M. linearifolia Smith Exot. Bot., t. 56. ; Metrosidèros hyssopifolia Cav.; the Tea Tree of New Holland; and our fig. 685., representing a full-grown tree in the neighbourhood of Sydney, upwards of 30 ft. high ; is a native of New South Wales, and has green-coloured flowers, which are produced in July and August. It has been in the country since 1793.

684 M. prlchélla R. Br., Bot. Cab., t. 200., is a native of New Holland, on the south coast, with reddish flow. ers, which are produced from June to September. It was introduced in 1803, and grows to the height of S ft.

M. hypericifolia Smith (Bot. Reg., t. 200.; and our fig. 687.) is a native of New South Wales, introduced in 1792. Its flowers are of a splendid scarlet, and they

685 are produced from June to August.

M. squarròsa Smith Bot. Mag., t. 1935., has yellow. ish flowers, It is a native of Van Diemen's Land, where it grows to the height of 40 ft.; and was introduced in 1794.

There are above a dozen other species in British gardens, all well deserving a place against a conservative wall. In Italy, some species of this genus have attained the height of 30 ft. or 40 ft., in a very few years. (See p. 168.)

Sect. II. EULEPTOSPE'RMEÆ. Stamens free. Fruit dry. The genus Eucalyptus is a very remarkable one. The name is derived from eu, well, and kalypto, to cover as with a lid ; in reference to the limb of the calyx covering the flower before expansion, and afterwards falling off in one piece, in the shape of a lid or cover. The calyx is cup-shaped. Petals wanting. Stamens numerous and free. Capsule 4-celled, and manyseeded. The leaves quite entire, and coriaceous. Peduncles axillary, and bearing an umbel of 3—15 flowers, which are white. The genus consists of above 100 species, or varieties, all timber trees, growing to a great height, and natives of New Holland and Van Diemen's Land. Those belonging to the latter country appear to be decidedly halfhardy in the neighbourhood of London: some of them, as E. robústa and E. pulverulenta, are almost quite hardy; and, in the south of England, probably most of the species, if planted so as to form one entire wood, would protect one another ; and, if they did not attain the size of timber trees, would, at least, form a dense Australian copse. The chief reason why these trees do not appear hardier in England is, that our summers are not sufficiently hot thoroughly to ripen their wood; for it appears that, in the mountains of Van Diemen's Land, they are subject to be frequently covered with snow. In Italy, as we have seen in p. 168., several of the species of this genus have attained the height of 100 ft. in a very few years; and in their native country, as it appears from the information communicated in p. 186., the height of 200 ft. is by no means unknown. We have had a number of portraits of full-grown trees of this and other genera made for us in the neighbourhood of Sydney, by our friend Mr. Thompson, an eminent artist, resident there; and engravings from some of these drawings will be found under their respective species. The wood of this genus is very durable. Dr. Laing states that a stump of the blue gum tree (E. piperita) remained in the ground, quite sound, for 35 years after the tree had been cut down. (Hist. and Stat., &c.) The terms red, blue, and white gum trees, as applied to different species of this genus, have reference to the colour of the bark. The bark contains a great proportion of tannin, and is said to be twice as powerful in its operation as that obtained from the oak.

Eucalyptus resinifera Smith (Bot. Rep., t. 400.; and our figs. 688, 689. 691 : fig. 688. represents the different parts of the flower, and fig. 691 is the portrait of a tree 200 ft. high), the Iron Bark Tree, is a native of New Holland, where it produces a resin,which, for all medical purposes, is considered equal to kino. It was introduced into Britain in 1788, and flowers from April to July. In its native coun. try, it is from 150 ft. to 200 ft. high. A tree at Saxmundham in Suffolk, sown by the widow of Sir J. E. Smith, is upwards of 20 ft. high, with two stems, each'of which is as thick as a man's leg. About London, it requires very little protection, when planted against a wall.