Elia Capitolina founded on Mount Sion, by Hadrian, i. 399, Elius Palus, his Tripartite, the oldest Eneas of Gaza, his attestation of the Era of the world, remarkable epochas in, Galalean, of the Turks, when settled, v. 480. Aerial tribute, in the Eastern empire, what, iv. 70. Etius, surnamed the Atheist, his character and adventures, ii. 249. 257. 269, note. The Roman general under Valentinian III. his character, iii. 296. His treacherous scheme to ruin count Boniface, 297. Is forced to retire into Pannonia, 308. His invitation of the Huns into the empire, 312. Seizes the administration of the Western empire, 338. His character, as given by Renatus a contemporary historian, 339. Employs the Huns and Alani in the defence of Gaul, 340. Concludes a peace with Theodric, 342. Raises the siege of Orleans, 350. Battle of Chalons, 352. His prudence on the invasion of Italy by Attila, 359. Is murdered by Valentinian, 364. Africa, its situation and revolutions, i. 39. Great revenue raised from, by the Romans, 153. Progress of Christianity there, i. 445. Is distracted with religious discord in the time of Constantine the Great, ii. 233. Character and revolt of the Circumcellions, 281. Oppressions of, under the government of count Romanus, 445. General state of Africa, 448. Revolt of count Boniface there, iii. 297. Arrival of Genseric, king of the Vandals, 299. Persecution of the Donatists, 300. Devastations of, by the Vandals, 302. Carthage surprised by Genseric, 306. Persecution of the Catholics, 439. -, Expedition of Belisarius to, iv. 104. Is recovered by the Romans, 114. The government of, settled by Justinian, ib. Revolt of the troops there, under Stoza, 202. Devastation of the war, 204. Africa, invasion of, by the Saracens, v. 252. Conquest of, by Akbah, 256. Decline and extinction of Christianity there, 278. Revolt and independence of the Saracens there, 323. Aglabites, the Saracen dynasty of, v. 324. Aglae, a Roman lady, patronises St. Boniface, i. 62. Agricola, review of his conduct in Britain, i. 20. Agriculture, great improvement of, in the western countries of the Roman empire, i. 61. State of, in the Eastern empire, under Justinian, iv. 60. Ajax, the sepulchre of, how distinguished, ii. 75. Aiznadin, battle of, between the Saracens and the Greeks, v. 219. Akbah, the Saracen, his exploits in Africa, v. 256. Alani, occasion of these people invading Asia, i. 291. Conquest of, by the Huns, iii. 26. Join the Goths who had emigrated into Thrace, 41. See Goths and Vandals. Alaric, the Goth, learns the art of war under Theodosius the Great, iii. 106. Becomes the leader of the Gothic revolt, and ravages Greece, iii. 157. He escapes from Stilicho, 161. Is appointed master-general of the Eastern Illyri cum, 162. His invasion of Italy, 164 Is defeated by Stilicho at Pollentia, 168 Is driven out of Italy, 171. Is, by treaty with Honorius, declared master-general of the Roman armies throughout the præfecture of Illyricum, 187. His pleas and motives for marching to Rome, 197. Encamps under the walls of that city, 199. Accepts a ransom and raises the siege, 219. His negotia tions with the emperor Honorius, 221. His second siege of Rome, 224. Places Attalus on the imperial throne, 225. Degrades him, 227. Seizes the city of Rome, 228. His sack of Rome compared with that by the emperor Charles V. 234. Retires from Rome, and ra vages Italy, 236. His death and burial, 238. Alaric II. king of the Goths, his overthrow by Clovis king of the Franks, iii. 466. Alberic, the son of Marozia, his revolt, and government of Rome, v. 117. Albigeois of France, persecution of, v. 383. Albion, king of the Lombards, his history, Alchemy, the books of, in Egypt, destroy- Alexander III. pope, establishes the papal Alexander, archbishop of Alexandria, excommunicates Arius for his heresy, ii. 343. Alexander Severus, is declared Cesar by the emperor Elagabalus, i. 43. Is raised to the throne, 44. Examination into his pretended victory over Artaxerxes, 194. Showed a regard for the Christian religion, ii. 44. Alexandria, a general massacre there, by order of the emperor Caracalla, i. 32. The city described, 255. Is ruined by ridiculous intestine commotions, ib. By famine and pestilence, 256. Is besieged and taken by Dioclesian, 325. The Christian theology reduced to a systematical form in the school of, i. 442. Number of martyrs who suffered there in the persecution by Decius, ii. 33. The theological system of Plato taught in the school of, and received by the Jews there, ii. 236. Questions concerning the nature of the trinity, agitated in the philosophical and Christian schools of, 238. 242. History of the archbishop St. Athanasius, 258. Outrages attending his expulsion and the establishment of his successor, George of Cappadocia, 271. The city distracted by pious factions, 275. Disgraceful life and tragical death of George of Cappadocia, 354. Restoration of Athanasius, 355. Athanasius banished by Julian, 356. Suffers greatly by an earthquake, iii. 9. History of the temple of Serapis there, iii. 220. This temple, and the famous library, destroyed by bishop Theophilus, 222. Is taken by Amrou the Saracen, v. 244. The famous library destroyed, 246. Alexius Angelus, his usurpation of the Solicits the aid of the Christian princes against the Turks, v. 493. His suspicious policy on the arrival of the crusaders, 514. Exacts homage from them, 516. Profits by the success of the crusaders, 544. Alexius II. Comnenus, emperor of Constantinople, v. 58. Alexius Strategopulus, the Greek general, retakes Constantinople from the Latins, vi. 107. Alexius, the son of Isaac Angelus, his es cape from his uncle, who had deposed Alfred sends an embassy to the shrine of 194. Aligern, defends Cumæ, for his brother Telas, king of the Goths, iv. 224. Is reduced, 225. Allectus murders Carausius, and usurps his station, i. 321. Allemanni, the origin and warlike spirit of, i. 236. Are driven out of Italy by the senate and people, 237. Invade the empire under Aurelian, 267. Are totally routed, 269. Gaul delivered from their depredations by Constantius Chlorus, 323. Invade and establish themselves in Gaul, ii. 181. Are defeated at Strasburgh by Julian, 185. Are reduced by Julian in his expeditions beyond the Rhine, 189. Invade Gaul under the emperor Valentinian, 432. Are reduced by Jovinus, 433. And chastised by Valentinian, 435. Are subdued by Clovis king of the Franks, iii. 457. Alp Arslan, sultan of the Turks, his reign, v. 473. Alypius, governor of Britain, is commissioned by the emperor Julian to rebuild the temple of Jerusalem, ii. 342. 37* Ambrose, St. composed a treatise on the trinity, for the use of the emperor Gratian, iii. 65, note. His birth and promotion to the archbishopric of Milan, 84. Opposes the Arian worship of the empress Justina, 85. Refuses obedience to the Imperial power, 88. Controls the emperor Theodosius, 100, 101. Imposes penance on Theodosius for his cruel treatment of Thessalonica, ib. Employed his influence over Gratian and Theodosius, to inspire them with maxims of persecution, 111. Opposes Symmachus, the advocate for the old pagan religion, 116. Comforts the citizens of Florence with a dream, when besieged by Radagaisus, 179. Amida, siege of, by Sapor king of Per sia, ii. 178. Receives the fugitive inhabitants of Nisibis, 402. Is besieged and taken by Cabades king of Persia, iv. 87. Amir, prince of Ionia, his character and passages into Europe, vi. 188. Ammianus, the historian, his religious character of the emperor Constantius, ii. 256. His remark on the enmity of Christians toward each other, 283. His account of the fiery obstructions to restoring the temple of Jerusalem, 343. His account of the hostile contest of Damasus and Ursinus for the bishopric of Rome, 431. Testimony in favour of his historical merit, iii. 55. His character of the nobles of Rome, 205. Ammonius, the mathematician, his measurement of the circuit of Rome, iii. 215. Ammonius, the monk of Alexandria, his martyrdom, iv. 394. Amorium, siege and destruction of, by the caliph Motassem, v. 318. Amphilocus, bishop of Iconium, gains the favour of the emperor Theodosius by an orthodox bon mot, iii. 72. Amphitheatre at Rome, a description of, it 272, vi. 425. Amrou, his birth and character, v. 239. His invasion and conquest of Egypt, 240. His administration there, 249. His description of the country, 250. Amurath I. sultan of the Turks, his reign, vi. 191. Amurath II. sultan, bis reign and character, vi. 280. Anachorets, in monkish history, described, iii. 429. Anacletus, pope, his Jewish extraction, vi. 369. Anastasius I. marries the empress Ariadne, iv. 16. His war with Theodoric, the Ostrogoth king of Italy, 26. His economy celebrated, 67. His long wall from the Propontis to the Euxine, 82. Is humbled by the Catholic clergy, iv. 413. Anastasius II. emperor of Constantinople, Anatho, the city of, on the banks of the Andromicus, president of Lybia, excom municated by Synesius bishop of Ptolemais, ii. 227, 228. Andronicus Comnenus, his character and first adventures, v. 58. Seizes the empire of Constantinople, 64. His unhap py fate, 66. Andronicus the elder, emperor of Constartinople, his superstition, vi. 145. His war with his grandson, and abdication, 150. Andronicus the younger, emperor of Constantinople, his licentious character, vi. 147. His civil war against his grandfather, 149. His reign, 151. Is vanquished and wounded by sultan Orchan, 187. His private application to pope Bene dict of Rome, 234. Angora, battle of, between Tamerlane and Bajazet, vi. 213. Anianus, bishop of Orleans, his pious anxiety for the relief of that city, when besieged by Attila the Hun, iii. 347. Anician family at Rome, brief history of, iii. 201. Anne Comnena, character of her history of her father, Alexius I. emperor of Constantinople, v. 53. Her conspiracy against her brother John, 54; GENERAL INDEX. Anthemius, emperor of the West, his de- Anthemius, præfect of the East, character of his administration, in the miniority of the emperor Theodosius the younger, iii. 282. Anthemius, the architect, instances of his great knowledge in mechanics, iv. 74. Forms the design of the church of St. Sophia at Constantinople, 76. Anthony, St. father of the Egyptian monks, his history, iii. 418. the early Anthropormorphites, among Christians, personifiers of the Deity, iv. 388. Antioch, taken and destroyed by Sapor king of Persia, i. 247. Flourishing state of the Christian church there, in the reign of Theodosius, 441. History of the body of St. Babylas, bishop of, 351. The cathedral of, shut up, and its wealth confiscated by the emperor Julian, ib. Licentious manners of the citizens, 362. Popular discontents during the residence of Julian there, 363. Sedition there, against the emperor Theodosius, iii. 95. The city pardoned, 97. Is taken, and ruined, by Chosroes king of Persia, iv. 182. Great destrucIs tion there by an earthquake, 238. again seized by Chosroes II. 361. Is reduced by the Saracens, and ransomed, vi. 281. Is recovered by the Greeks, 370. Besieged and taken by the first crusaders, v. 525. Antonina, the wife of Belisarius, her chaExamines and conracter, iv. 102. victs pope Sylverius of treachery, 142. Her activity during the siege of Rome, 143. Her secret history, 187. Founds a convent for her retreat, 233. Antoninus, a Roman refugee at the court of Sapor, king of Persia, stimulates him Antoninus Pius, his character and that of Antoninus Marcus, his defensive wars, i. is killed by Dioclesian, as the presump. tive murderer of that prince, i. 301. Apharban, the Persian, his embassy from Narses king of Persia, to the emperor Galerius, i. 333. Apocalypse, why now admitted into the Apollinaris, patriarch of Alexandria, but chers his flock in defence of the Catholic doctrine of the incarnation, iv. 438. Apollonius, of Tyana, his doubtful character, i. 275, note. Apotheosis of the Roman emperors, how 18. Apulia, is conquered by the Normans, v. 323. Is confirmed to them by papal grant, 428. Aquileia, besieged by the emperor Maxi- Arbetio, a veteran under Constantine the 136. His magnificence, 261. Extent of his dominions, ib. Administration of his favourite eunuch Eutropius, 262. His cruel law against treason, 266. Signs the condemnation of Eutropius, 270. His interview with the revolters Tribigild and Gainas, 272. His death and supposed testament, 281. Architecture, Roman, the general magnificence of, indicated by the existing ruins, i. 54. Ardaburius, his expedition to Italy, to reduce the usurper John, iii. 262. Argonauts, the objects of their expedition to Colchos, iv. 187. Ariadne, daughter of the emperor Leo, and wife of Zeno, her character and marriage afterward with Anastasius, iv. 16. Arii, a tribe of the Lygians, their terrific mode of waging war, i. 221. Arinthæus, is appointed general of the horse by the emperor Julian on his Persian expedition, ii. 372. Distinguishes himself against the usurper Procopius, 417. Ariovistus, seizes two-thirds of the lands of the Sequani in Gaul, for himself and his German followers, iii. 478. Aristobulus, principal minister of the house of Carus, is received into confidence by the emperor Dioclesian, i. 315. Aristotle, his logic better adapted to the detection of error, than for the discovery of truth, v. 306. Arius, is excommunicated for heretical notions concerning the Trinity, ii. 243. Strength of his party, ibid. His opinions examined in the council of Nice, 245. Account of Arian sects, 248. Council of Rimini, 251. His banishment and recal, 253. His suspicious death, 254. The Arians persecute the Catholics in Africa, iii. 435. Armenia, is seized by Sapor king of Persia, i. 246. Tiridates restored, 327. He is again expelled by the Persians, 330. Is resigned to Tiridates by treaty between the Romans and Persians, 335. -, Is rendered tributary to Persia on the death of Tiridates, ii. 141. Character of Arsaces Tiranus, king of, and his conduct toward the emperor Julian, 369. Is reduced by Sapor to a Persian province, 451. Its distractions and division between the Persians and the Romans, iii. 290. 136. History of Christianity there, iv. Arragon, derivation of the name of that province, i. 33, note. Arrian, bis visit to, and description of, Colchos, iv, 190. Arsaces Tiranus, king of Armenia, his character and disaffection to the empe ror Julian, ii. 369. Withdraws his troops treacherously from the Roman service, 384. His disastrous end, 451. Arsenius, patriarch of Constantinople, excommunicates the emperor Michael Pa læologus, vi. 129. Faction of the Arsenites, 130. Artaban, king of Parthia, is defeated and slain by Artaxerxes king of Persia, i. 184. Artaban, his conspiracy against the empe ror Justinian, iv. 168. Is intrusted with the conduct of the armament sent to Italy, 218. Artasires, king of Armenia, is deposed by the Persians, at the instigation of his own subjects, iii. 292. Artavasdes, his revolt against the Greek emperor Constantine V. at Constantinople, v. 77. Artaxerxes, restores the Persian monarchy, i. 184. Prohibits every worship but that of Zoroaster, 189. His war with the Romans, 194. His character and maxims, 196. Artemius, duke of Egypt under Constantius, is condemned to death under Julian, for cruelty and corruption, ii. 313. Arthur, king of the Britons, his history obscured by monkish fictions, iii. 497. Arvandus, prætorian præfect of Gaul, his trial and condemnation by the Roman senate, iii. 401. Ascalon, battle of, between Godfrey king of Jerusalem, and the sultan of Egypt, v. 536. Ascetics, in ecclesiastical history, account of, iii. 417. Asclepiodatus reduces and kills the British usurper Allectus, i. 322. Asia, summary view of the revolutions in that quarter of the world, i. 183. Asia Minor described, i. 37. Amount of |