walls of separation between race and race. Their blood is rarely touched by intermarriage, conversion, or loyalty to another people. They are not weak and their nature is intense and highly emotional. They cling with startling tenacity to every element of a separate race and have maintained their solidarity unimpaired for over four thousand years, while nation after nation has risen and fallen. To indomitable energy they add an amazing hope. Clannish to the last degree, an injury to one is an injury to all. They stick by each other through thick and thin. They are viewed with dislike and often alarm by reason of their power in trade and finance and politics. They are not inventors nor creators nor original thinkers nor establishers of governmental institutions, nor organizers of great industries, such as steel and machinery. They are middlemen and money loaners. They are not painters or sculptors, but excel in music, although Wagner questioned this.1 They are not great builders; even Solomon's Temple (a structure far beyond the resources of his kingdom) was due to the skill of Tyrian workmen whom the King obtained from Hiram, his Phoenician ally, about a thousand years before Christ. In that day they were farmers and shepherds with little or no commerce. Solomon gave Hiram, King of Tyre, twenty cities. "And Hiram came out from Tyre to see the cities which Solomon had given him; and they pleased him not." even at that early day the Jews did not believe in over-payment. Solomon's reign was demoralizing and from his time the race, as a nation, began to decline, until conquered and dispersed and shut out absolutely from Jerusalem by Titus, the Roman, in 70 A.D.

Evidently

The purity and humanity of the ethical principles of the New Testament and parts of the Old; their appeal to the heart and the mind; their poetic imagery; their power of expression and condensation, simple but of sublime force in the use of language; have never been equaled in the history of the world, and they are Hebraic in their origin.

President Coolidge in an address at Washington on May 3, 1925, paid tribute to the fact that the Bible is Hebraic and that it was profoundly revered and followed by the American colonists. True, and it was true also of all Christendom more or less in those times, but the debt of Christendom and of the American colonists was due chiefly to the New Testament, - Christianity, — which was and still is repudiated by the Jews. Even the Old Testament, while Hebraic, was only partly Jewish, and many of its leading prophets were not from the tribe of Judah but from the other eleven tribes. President Coolidge also mentioned that the Jews in America at the time of the Revolution favored it and that they always have been advocates of liberty. That also is true and naturally so in view of the persecutions they experienced in all other countries. By reason of this they have favored liberty, but that does not change the fact that they are Jews first and Americans second; that they are an alien race in the nation; that they refuse to coalesce and propose to maintain their separate identity and social existence - a Jewish bloc of portentous proportions, grasping for wealth and power. The debt which the modern world owes to the Bible hardly extends to present Hebrews any more than the world's debt to Greece and Rome extends to modern Grecians and Italians.

The Russian, Polish, and Austrian Jews are about five-sixths of all the Jews in the country. They are found largely on the lower East Side of New York. There they congregate and are socialists. The House of Representatives of the New York legislature (the Assembly) expelled five representatives of the New York City Socialist Party from the House in January, 1920.1 Whatever may be thought as to the propriety of this, it was a clear and emphatic notice that America will not tolerate Karl Marx ideas, nor Russian Soviet ideas, nor red flag ideas. Such immigrants are hostile to American institutions and the republic. They have a daily newspaper printed in Yiddish with 160,000 circulation. Its principles are essentially those of Karl Marx.

In fact, the only substantial socialistic bloc in this country consists of these Eastern Jews. Most of them did what they could to obstruct America in the World War. In 1917 a majority of their votes were cast for a socialist mayor of New York. Hendrick says, "An actual count in the clothing workers of America shows 175,000 radicals against 30,000 conservatives." It is difficult to deal with such people. They are incapable of understanding, much less of appreciating American institutions. They never should have been admitted. They are a menace and the heavy hand of the law should be put upon them. If a vote of the American people were taken today, the vote would be, "We want no more of them." Orth, after pointing out the intellectual superiority of the Spanish-Portuguese Jews and the German Jews who came to America, speaks then of the Russian Jews and says: "Nearly a million of these people are crowded into the New York ghettos. Large numbers of them engage in the garment industries and the manufacture of tobacco. They graduate also into junkdealers, pawnbrokers, and peddlers, and are soon on their way 'up town.' Among them socialism thrives, and the second generation displays an unseemly haste to break with the faith of its fathers. The Jews are the intellectuals of the new immigration. They invest their political ideas with vague generalizations of human amelioration. They cannot forget that Karl Marx was a Jew; and one wonders how many Trotskys and Lenines are being bred in the stagnant air of their › reeking ghettos. It remains to be seen whether they will be willing to devote their undoubted mental capacities to other than revolutionary vagaries or to gainful pursuits, for they have a tendency to commercialize everything they touch. They have shown no reluctance to enter politics; they learn English with amazing rapidity, throng the public schools and colleges, and push with characteristic zeal and persistence into every open door of this liberal land." 2 Bostwick writes: "There have always been

two kinds of Jews

those friendly to foreign customs, modes of

thought and relationships, and those who keep sternly, even fanatically to themselves. The former, the 'Hellenizing' Jews of the ancient world, are represented in modern days by the great and familiar Jewish names - the Disraelis, the Rothschilds, and so on in the United States by names that will occur to all; men none the less proud of their Hebrew heritage because they are willing and anxious to work shoulder to shoulder with their comrades of other faiths and races for education, for civic betterment, for righteousness in general. The latter are represented by the severely orthodox Jews of Poland and Russia who have been driven to our shores of recent years. In the West, if we may be rash enough to attempt a generalization, here also the former type of Jew is proportionately stronger than in the East." 1

One cause of dislike of the Jews in this country is that they have driven out the Christians in many lines of small and also large trade. Their prices are generally cheaper, as also the quality of their goods. The New England idea of giving value received is not their idea. The standards of business are lowered and the American disappears. In the same way American labor, to its credit, refuses to compete and live as foreign labor lives. Even the Irish are driven out by the Jew, who in turn is underlived by the Armenian, and the latter in turn by the Chinese and Japanese, until excluded by law. The experience of California with the Japanese shows how Americans will stop rather than compete with a race of different methods. MacLean writes, "A study of the richest agricultural lands in California shows 3,893,500 acres under irrigation and it is on these lands that the Oriental has settled, now occupying 623,752 acres, of which 458,056 are occupied by the Japanese. This is a source of constant irritation to the white settlers who see themselves outdistanced in the race for land ownership by a people whose efforts are untiring, whose working day knows no end, and whose women and children always assist. It requires no special acumen to see that such a situation is foredoomed to create friction. The

2

1

instinct of self-preservation, which is the first law of life, asserts itself at once." Crothers and Hudnut say of the Japanese farm owners and farm tenants: "Their competition was keenly felt by the small white farm owner, the man who himself worked in the field. The Japanese was accustomed to laboring 12, 14, even 16 hours. He toiled unremittingly. Holidays, Sundays alike saw him bending in the fields over his daily work. Beside him worked his wife and children, co-laborers with him. The native American, whose wife and children did no field labor, who himself worked only ten hours, who expected to rest Sundays and holidays, could not produce as much as the Japanese. His standards demanded a better dwelling, different and more expensive food. He found himself faced with an impossible competition." And Bercovici writes, "Practically all of the hundred thousand Japanese, of whom a little more than thirty thousand are natives of this country, reside in twenty-nine of the richest counties of California. In eighteen counties they are climbing toward a majority of the population. In seven counties 75 per cent of the births registered are Japanese. In these counties they occupy about 50 per cent of the irrigated area and raise small fruits and vegetables." If California had not stopped this by land laws, that state probably would become a Japanese state, practically if not politically, the same as New York City is becoming a Jewish city. History is full of examples where one race has displaced another by underliving and overworking. The brilliant Greeks were extinguished by the infusions of barbaric blood; the steadfast Romans were submerged by the inrushing nations on all roads that led to Rome; the Spaniards in America gave way to the natives of Mexico and Central and South America; the French in the West Indies are retreating before the black. Weeds will underlive, overgrow, and crowd out the finest garden. It is not their religion or their race or their clannishness that makes the Jews unpopular. It is their methods. For the same reason that labor objects to aliens who