the evil will be prevented, without interrupting the communication necessary for the aliment of our commerce and of our manufactures. In the centre of La Vendée a new city is building, intended to be the seat of the administration. From thence it will exercise over every point an active and sure superintendance; from thence knowledge and sound principles will be propagated throughout that department in which ignorance and the want of instruction have so frequently delivered over simple and honest minds to the intrigues of malevolence. Decrees of the emperor have recalled commerce to the left bank of the Rhinc, and bestowed, on Mentz and Cologne, all the advantages of real emporiums, without the danger of introducing contraband goods into the interior of France.-Manufactures are improving; and whilst in vain declamations, mercenaries paid by the British government, boast its distant and precarious resources dispersed over the seas and the Indies ; whilst they describe our workshops as deserted and our workmen dying with misery, our industry extends its roots over our own soil, repels English industry far from our frontiers, and has succeeded in equalling it, in what formed its glory and its success, the perfection of its machines, and is preparing to dispute with it consumers in every place where it can meet with and reach it.-Our first manu. facture, agriculture, has enlarged and become clear-a system of exportation, in such a manner combined, that it shuts and opens according to our wants, assures to the husbandman the price of his labour, and abundance to our markets. New encouragements pre

pare the improvement of the race of our horses, our wools are meliorated, our fields are covered with cattle, and throughout every part of the empire its true riches multiply.-Aided by riches, renewed security has given a freer scope to active beneficence: excited by religion, and by the recollection of our misfortunes, the latter is not limited to charities of the moment; it embraces the future, and trusts its treasure to government, which guarantees to it an employment conformable to its wishes. Never have so many legacies and pious donations been made in favour of the hospitals, and of the establishments of beneficence. Some of these institutions have been created or reestablished by private persons; never has suffering humanity found more friends, nor indigence more succour. They are distributed with as much wisdom as zeal, and the hospitals of Paris directed with an intelligence which multiplies the cares in economising the funds, relieve all wants, cure many evils, and are no more those murderous asylums which devour their numerous and miserable population. The number of the indigent of the capital is according ly thirty-two thousand below that which it was in 1791, and twentyfive thousand less than that which it was in the year 10.-Religion has resumed its empire; it no longer exercises itself but for the good of humanity; a wise tolerance accompanies it, and the ministers of different forms of worship, who adore the same God, do honour to themselves by testimonies of reciprocal respect, and know no other rivality than that of virtues.-Such is our position within; without, French courage, seconded by Spanish good faith,

has preserved to us St. Domingo; Martinique braves the menances of our enemies, and under a paternal government renders stronger and more durable the ties which attach it to the mother-country.-Guadaloupe has enriched itself with the spoils of British commerce, and Guyana continues to prosper under an active and vigorous administration. The isles of France and of Re-union would be at the present day the emporium of the riches of Asia; London would be in convulsions and despair, bad not inexperience or weakness baffled a scheme most ably concerted. The isles of France and of Re-union.however, are still enriched with the prizes which we have taken from our enemies.Our armies are always deserving of their reputation. With the same valour and the same discipline, they have acquired that patience which waits for opportunities without murmuring, and confides in the prudence and designs of the chief who conducts them. Our soldiers, our officers, learn to govern the element which separates them from that island, the grand object of their resentment. Their audacity and their address astonish the oldest and most experienced mariners. Our fleets, by continual manœuvres, lead the way to combats; and whilst those of our enemies wear out in striving against winds and tempests, ours learn without destroying them- selves to fight against them.-Iu fine, since by the war, we have gained Hanover, we are more in a state than ever to strike decisive blows against our enemies. Our navy is in a better state than it has been for these ten years past; upon land, our army is more numerous, better disciplined, and better pro

vided with every thing calculated to ensure victory than it ever was.In the department of finances, the same activity prevails in the receipts, the same regularity in the management, the same order in the admi- » nistration of the treasure; and almost always the same stability in the value of the public debt.-The war in the first instance necessitated extraordinary expences, but the funds for them were expended in our own soil, and have given us vessels, ports, and every thing which is necessary for the developement of our forces against our enemies. These extraordinary expences have now ceased, and those exacted by our warlike attitude will henceforth be directed by an economy which the urgency of our preparations for attack and defence did not admit of. -The revenues of the crown will support all the expences of the coronation, and those still demanded by the splendour of the throne. The lustre which surrounds it will never be a burden to the nation.-The situation of Europe has experienced but one important change. Spain reposed under a neutrality to which France had consented, and which the British cabinet had acknowledged; her vessels were suddenly attacked, and the treaty of Amiens was violated with regard to her as it had previously been with regard to France. His catholic majesty has taken the part commanded him by the dignity of his throne, by good faith outraged, and by the honour of a generous peopłe whose destinies he directs.The emperor of Austria devotes to the restoration of his finances, the prosperity of his provinces, the progress of their commerce, that repose prompted by the frankness of his cha

racter and the interests of his subjects. The Italian republic, administered and governed by the same principles as France, requires, like that power, a definitive organization, which shall insure to the present generation, and to future generations, all the advantages of the social pact. United to this republic by the duties imposed on him, both as president and as founder of that state, the emperor will reply to the confidence it testifies towards him, and insure its destinies and its independence, by serving the interests of the French people, to whom also it owes its existence, and by conciliating the interests of these two friendly nations with the well-understood interests of the neighbouring powers. By the changes called for by the will of a nation and by the interest of all, absurd calumnics will fall to the ground, and France, who has herself erected barriers where she had fixed her limits, will no longer be accused of a wish to overleap them.-Helvetia enjoys in peace the benefits of her constitution, of the wisdom of her citizens, and of our alliance.-Batavia still groans under an olygarchical government, without union in its views, without patriotism and without vigour. Its colonies have been a second time sold and delivered up to England, without firing a gun; but this nation possesses energy, morals, and economy; it wants only a firm, patriotic, and enlightened government. The king of Prussia has shown himself, upon every occasion, the friend of France, and the emperor has profited of every one which has presented itself, to consolidate this happy harmony.-The electors and all the members of the Germanic

body faithfully maintain the relations of benevolence and friendship which unite it to France. -Denmark follows the counsels of a wise, moderate, and judicious policy.—The spirit of Catherine the great will watch over the councils of Alexander I. he will recollect that the friendship of France is a necessary counterpoise for him in the balance of Europe, that, placed at a distance from her, he can neither preserve nor disturb her repose, and that his great interest is to find in his relations with her, a necessary vent for the productions of his empire-Turkey is wavering in her politics; she follows, through fear, a system which her interest disavows. May she never learn, at the expence of her own existence, that fear and irresolution accelerate the fall of empires, a thousand times more fatal than the dangers and losses of an unfortunate war.-Whatever may be the movements of England, the destinies of France are fixed: strong in her union, strong in her riches and in the courage of her defenders, she will faithfully cultivate the alliance of her friends, and will not act so as either to deserve enemies nor fear them. When England shall be convinced of the impotence of her efforts to agitate the continent; when she shall know that she has only to lose in a war without end or motives; when she shall be convinced that France will never accept any other conditions than those of Amiens, and will never consent to leave to her the right of breaking treaties at pleasure, by appropriating Malta,England will then have arrived at pacific sentiments. Hatred and envy have but their day.

Decree

Decree of the Council of State at Vienna. Dated Vienna, 11th Aug. 1804.

His royal imperial apostolic majesty arrived in this city on the 10th instant, from Baden, to assist at an extraordinary conference of state; at which were present his royal highness the archduke Charles, the archduke palatine of Hungary, the chancellor of Hungary, that of Bohemia and Austria, that of Transil. vania, the tavernicus of Hungary, and the president of the chamber of finances and of the bank. In consequence of the supreme determination which has been declared in this council of state, the following patent is published:

Patent.-We, Francis II. by the grace of God, elected emperor of the Romans, always august, king of Germany, of Hungary, and Bohemia, of Gallicia, Lodomeria, &c. archduke of Austria, duke of Burgundy and Lorraine, grand duke of Tuscany, &c.-Though we have already attained, by the Divine will, and by the choice of the electors of the Roman and Germanic empire, to a dignity which leaves no room to desire any augmentation of titles and consideration; it is however our duty in our quality of chief of the Austrian house and monarchy, to provide for the maintenance and preservation of that equality of hereditary titles and dignities with the first sovereigns and powers of Europe, which belongs to the sovereigns of Austria, both on account of the ancient lustre of their house, and in regard to the extent and population of their estates, comprehending independent kingdoms and principalities, so considerable, and which have been secured to them by possession, agreeably to the right

of nations, and by treaties. To establish, in a durable manner, this perfect equality of rank, we have determined, and think ourselves authorized, after the example which has been given us in the preceding century by the imperial court of Russia, and that which is now given to us by the new sovereign of France, to confer also on the house of Austria, as far as relates to its independent states, the hereditary title of emperor. We have therefore resolved, after mature reflec tion, solemnly to assume and to establish for us and for our successors, in the unalterable possession of our independent kingdoms and states, the title and dignity of hereditary emperor of Austria (as the denomination of our house), in such a manner that all our kingdoms, principalities, and provinces shall invariably retain the titles, constitutions, prerogatives, and relations which they have hitherto enjoyed.

According to this supreme decision and declaration, we decree and enact: I. That immediately after our title of elected emperor of the Romans, shall be inserted that of hereditary emperor of Austria, after which shall follow our other titles of king of Germany, Bohemia, Hungary, &c.; then those of archduke of Austria, duke of Styria, &c. and those of the other hereditary countries. But as, since. our accession to the throne, there have successively taken place in the possessions of our house, several changes which have been confirmed by solemn treaties, we at the same time make known the undermen. tioned titles, newly regulated according to the present state of things, and our will is that they be introduced and employed in future. II. Yy 4

The

The title of imperial prince and of imperial princess, shall be given and conferred with that of archduke and archduchess, as well as of royal highness, to our descendants of both sexes, and to those of our succes. sors in the sovereignty of the house of Austria. III. As all our kingdoms and other possessions must retain, without restriction, their present denominations and relations, this is understood in particular of our kingdom of Hungary, and of the countries which are united to it, and also of such of our hereditary states, as have hitherto been in immediate relation with the Germanic empire, which ought in future to preserve the same relations with it, agreeably to the privileges granted to our house by the emperors our predecessors. IV. We reserve to ourselves the right of determining hereafter the solemnities which shall take place at our coronation, and that of our successors, as hereditary emperor. Those, however, which were practised at our coronation, and at that of our predecessors, as king of Hungary and Bohemia, shall continue to subsist in future without any change. V. This declaration and ordinance shall be published and carried into execution throughout all our hereditary kingdoms and states, without delay and in the accustomed forms. We have no doubt that all our states and subjects will receive with gratitude and patriotic interest this disposition, the object of which is to maintain the consideration of the Austrian monarchy.

Grand Title.-We Francis II. by the grace of God, elected emperor of the Romans, always august, hereditary emperor of Austria, king

Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Sclavonia, Gallicia, Lodomeria; archduke of Austria; duke of Lorraine, Venice, Salzbourg, Styria, Carinthia and Carniola; grand duke of Transilvania; margrave of Moravia; duke of Wurtemburg, Upper and Lower Silesia, Parma, Placentia, Guastalla, Auschwitz and Zator, Teschen, Friouli and Zara; prince of Suabia, Eichstadt, Passau, Trent, Brixen, Berchtolsgaden and Lindau; princely count of Hapsbourg, Tyrol, Rybourg, Goricia and Gradiska; margrave of Burgau, Upper and Lower Lusatia; Landgrave of the Brisgau, Ortenau and Nullenbourg; count of Monsfort and Hobenems, of Upper and Lower Hohenberg, Bregentz, Sonnenberg and Rothenfels, Bluemonsel and Holch; lord of the March of Esclavonia, Verona, Vicenza and Padua, &c.

Mean Title-We Francis II. by the grace of God, elected emperor of the Romans, always august, hereditary emperor of Austria; king of Germany, Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Esclavonia, Gal. litia, Lodomeria, and Jerusalem ; archduke of Austria, duke of Lorraine, Venice and Salzbourg; grand duke of Transilvania; duke of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola; Wurtemburg, Upper and Lower Silesia; princely count of Hapsburg, Tyrol, &c.

Small Title.-Francis II. by the grace of God, elected emperor of the Romans, always august, hereditary emperor of Austria; king of Germany, Hungary, Bohemia, &c. archduke of Austria; duke of Lorraine, Venice, Salzbourg, &c.

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