tations of Russia, founded upon the solemn stipulation of France to consider the kingdom of Naples as a neutral state, and to enjoy all the advantages of neutrality, have been productive of no determination favourable to that power--The whole of Italy has been changed by the innovations which the government of the republic has caused it to undergo, since the conclusion of the peace between Russia and France, without any preliminary concert with his imperial majesty; although it had been agreed upon by the two powers at that period, that there should be an understanding between them as to the political arrangements that were to be adopted in that country. Hostili ties having been renewed between France and England, the integrity of the territory of the German empire was violated, notwithstanding France had very lately engaged to protect it in common with his majesty the emperor. The cabinet of St. Cloud thought proper to assert that the dignity of king of England and that of elector of Brunswick Lunenburgh, being united in the same person, were not distinct; though such distinction was never disputed by the republican government during the last years of the late war; it was therefore contrary to every notion of right and justice, to make war upon a country which, by the constitution of the Germanic empire, of which it was part, and the public proceedings by which it was guaranteed, should be totally exempt from such a visitation.—The possession of Cuxhaven, which under no pretext could have been consider ed as English property, was notwithstanding effected by the French troops, and the Hans Towns have

been compelled to make forced loans to avoid a similar fate. The repeated and urgent applications which 'the emperor has made to the French government, to induce it to fulfil its engagements with Russia, and to put an end to all apprehension that the neutral powers, who were anxious to remain in peace, may feel of being involved in the war, have been attended with no effect.—To those numerous causes of dissatisfaction, connected with the higher interests of Europe, the government of France has thought proper to add all those which it could directly offer to the court of Russia, by the offensive assertions which it advanced and circulated against ministers honoured with the confidence of his imperial majesty; by the scenes which the Russian envoy was compelled to witness at the Thuilleries; by the improper perseverance which the cabinet of St. Cloud displayed in persecuting, in foreign countries, persons who were employed by the court of Russia; and, lastly, by that unexampled proceeding which it took the liberty of committing, when it compelled the pope to deliver up a naturalized Russian, without paying any regard to the representations and claims of his imperial majesty on that point.-The recent act of violence committed by the French troops in the territory of the elector of Baden, having roused the anxiety of the emperor, for the security and independence of the states of Europe which are within the reach of France, his majesty expressed his opinion as to the necessity of tranquillizing them on that point; and that he should make such satisfaction as the empire had a right to demand, and adopt such measures as might tend to calm the uncasiness

:

uncasiness and alarm of Europe. To this good office, the empire reIceived an answer which left it no hopes that the just expectation of his majesty would be fulfilled; which gave a wrong interpretation to that frank, loyal, and disinterested conduct, which his majesty constantly held respecting the affairs of Europe, and particularly with regard to France and which made it but too clear, that there was a determined design to thwart and irritate further the court of Russia. So little attention and condescension on the part of the French government, to the just claims of his majesty, and a conduct so decidedly opposed to any desire of preserving a good understanding between the two states, sufficiently demonstrated to Russia, that if, on the one hand, the French government attached apparently but little value to its relations with her, and consequently furnished her with a positive reason for no longer continuing them; on the other, she had taken an invariable resolution to adopt for her conduct, a line absolutely contrary to the principles of justice and the laws of nations, and which, consequently, could not harmonize with the sentiments and principles professed by his majesty. The emperor, nevertheless, was willing to make a final effort with the French government, and after so many reasons for dissatisfaction he was disposed to forget them, whenever the above-mentioned engagements (which were also detailed in the note of the 21st of August) should be fulfilled; which had been solemnly entered into by the two governments, and should have long since been executed. This last effort having been followed by an evasive and unsatisfactory answer,

full of fallacious imputations, and which is only remarkable for the strange and unexpected assertion, That the Russian troops had taken possession of the republic of the seven islands without the concurrence of France;' while it is notorious, and the minister for foreign affairs must have it in view, that this country, which had been first evacuated by the Russian troops, was occupied by those drawn from the state of Naples, with the consent of the Porte, by the request of the inhabitants, and in consequence of a previous arrangement with France; nothing further remains for the undersigned than to declare, that all correspondence between Russia and France, becoming by these means perfectly useless, must now cease; and that his majesty the emperor only waits for intelligence of the departure of his chargé d'affaires from Paris, to signify to the French mission, that it should quit his capital. His majesty the emperor having nothing to reproach himself with on this head (for if it had depended on him, the ties between the two nations, far from being dissolved, would be drawn closer), sees himself with regret compelled to suspend all relation with a government which refuses to fulfil its engagements, which will not conform to the reciprocal respect nations owe to each other, and in regard to which his majesty, since the renewal of the connexion between the two countries, has experienced increasing mortification. Still faithful to his principles, and anxious to avoid the shedding of human blood, the emperor will confine himself to that resolution which the respective positions of the two countries admits. Russia and France can do without

those

those relations, the continuance of which is only to be warranted by reasons of advantage and accommodation, and without which it is better that they should have no connexion. As it is the French government alone which has given rise to the present state of affairs, it will also depend upon it to decide whether war is to follow or not. In case it shall compel Russia, either by fresh injuries or by provocations aimed against her, or against her allies, or by still threatening more seriously the security and independence of Europe, his majesty will then manifest as much energy in employing those extreme measures, which a just defence requires, as he has giv. en proofs of patience, in resorting to the use of all the means of moderation consistent with the maintenance of the honour and dignity of his crown. -The undersigned having thus fulfilled the orders which he has received from his court, requests, in consequence, that the minister for foreign affairs will be kind enough to send him, without delay, the necessary passports, to enable him to quit France; and he embraces this opportunity of giving to the citizen minister for foreign affairs, the assurance of his high consideration.

Note delivered by the Minister Resi dent of Russia, M. Kluppell, to Baron d'Albini, and communicated to the Diet of Ratisbon, on the 6th of May, 1804. Dated at Ratisbon on the 5th of May, and signed De Kluppell.

The event which has taken place the states of his highness the clector of Baden; the conclusion of

which has been so melancholy, has occasioned the most poignant grief to the emperor of all the Russias. He cannot but view with the greatest concern the violation which has been committed on the tranquillity and integrity of the German territory. His imperial majesty is the more affected by this event, as he never could have expected that a power which had undertaken, in common with himself, the office of mediator, and was consequently bound to exert his care for the welfare and tranquillity of Germany, could have departed in such a manner from the sacred principles of the law of nations, and the duties it had so lately taken upon itself. It would be unnecessary to call the attention of the diet to the serious consequences to which the German empire must be exposed, if acts of violence, of which the first example has just been seen, should be passed over in silence; it will, with its accustomed foresight, easily perceive how much the future tranquillity and security of the whole empire, and each of its members must be endangered, if such violent proceedings should be deemed allowable, and suffered to take place without observation or opposition.

Vote of his Majesty the King of Sweden, in the Deliberations of the Diet of Ratisbon, relative to the Imperial Russian Note of the 7th of May, concerning the Seizure of the Duke d'Enghuien. Dated Ratisbon, July 27, 1801.

His majesty the king of Sweden, as duke of interior Pomerania, has charged his envoy to insert the following vote in the protocol, on the

subject

subject of the declaration of his majesty the emperor of Russia, laid before the diet on the 7th of May last. His majesty, who on so many occasions has manifested how much he interests himself in the atlairs of the German empire, could not learn without the greatest anxiety and alarm, the events which took place in the electorate of Baden, in the month of March last, events by which the territorial rights of the German empire are flagrantly violated, and its future security exposed to the greatest danger. His majesty, therefore, thinks it the duty of every member of the empire not to conceal the wish, that the French government may give full and satisfactory explanations to the emperor and the empire relative to the said events, and such as may remove all fears for the future security of the Germanic territory. As a member of the empire, his majesty thought it his duty to express his sentiments, though he has not judged it necessary to notice the occurrences alluded to in a more particular manner, in his capacity of guarantee of the peace of Westphalia and the Germanic constitution; and the less so since his majesty could not doubt that a power which had formerly shared with Sweden in the labour and glory of co-operating to the restoration of the laws, and of order and security in the empire, would be convinced of the necessity of maintaining objects so important, unimpaired and inviolate.

Verbal Declaration of the Minister of the Elector of Baden, made at the Diet of Ratisbon, July 2,

while he honours the pure intentions of his Russian imperial majesty in the representation which he laid before the diet of the empire on the 6th of May, and is penetrated with the liveliest gratitude for the benevolent friendship which his majesty has manifested for himself and his electoral house, cannot suppress his profound grief that the occurrence in question, which took place in his territory, should be likely to produce disagreeable differences that may be productive of the most dangerous consequences to the peace of Germany.-This important consideration, added to a full confidence in the well-intentioned sentiments of the French government and its exalted head, towards the whole German empire, so lately evinced in the mediation of peace, and in the explanations, perfectly suitable to these sentiments, of the occurrences in question, his electoral highness cannot but most earnestly wish that the representations made to the diet on the 6th and 14th of May, may have no farther consequences, and that thus the present anxiety may be dispelled, since otherwise the tranquillity and welfare of the German empire, and probably indeed of all Europe, may be again disturbed and endangered.

1804.

1

immediately