Note ON THE PAPER TYPE USED IN OXFORD BIBLES AND PRAYER BOOKS THE departments of the Oxford University Press-the paper mill at Wolvercote, near Oxford, the printing house at Oxford itself, the binderies in Oxford and London, all have the advantage of well-established standards of workmanship recognized by Grands Prix at recent Exhibitions, and are continually set new problems of production as new demands arise in any quarter of the world, or new materials or methods become available in any of the trades. The inclusion in a single volume of the whole of the books of the Bible makes great demands upon the skill of the paper maker, the printer, and the binder. It has long been usual for the customer to demand from his bookseller the largest possible type in the smallest possible book. What has been done and what can be done may be seen by comparison of an Oxford Bible of 1916-say the Brevier Clarendon 16mo (6 x 44) with its 1,616 pages one inch thick, weighing 141⁄2 ounces-with the first Oxford Bible of 1675 quarto (the page 8 x64) which, without the Metrical Psalms and the Prayer Book bound with it, has 1,156 pages nearly two inches thick and weighing some 3 lb. 7 oz., or even with the nineteenth-century books herein illustrated. The qualities of Oxford India paper-its unrivalled combination of thinness and opacityare further illustrated by many pages of this Catalogue. Not only the Bible but other books such as the Oxford Books of Verse, the Oxford Poets, the Oxford Homer and other Classical texts, exceed a thousand pages, and are nevertheless brought quite satisfactorily within a single cover (see pp. 147-151). The ordinary Wolvercote paper, used in the Testaments, the cheapest books in the world, has a standard of its own. Of the types used by the Press, some few specimens are given on pages 444, 477, 480; they range from the beautiful founts reproduced from the original matrices procured for the Press by Bishop Fell in 1660 to the newest Clarendon, strong and clear, eminently adapted for weakening powers of sight, or imperfect lighting. It has not been possible, within the compass of this Catalogue, to give full particulars of all, or most, or even of some of the thousands of styles of binding in which Bibles and Prayer Books are produced, from those appropriate to the lecterns and altars of cathedrals to the smallest and cheapest editions designed for private use. Even the prices given are not more than specimens and approximations which may serve for the purpose of consultation between the customer and his bookseller: the retail sellers of Bibles are always in possession of exact particulars, and are generally able to give highly skilled advice. The following paragraphs contain most of the names in common use, with non-technical explanations : Of the more highly prized bindings-those which are specially suited for the larger or more sumptuous editions-Levant morocco, often styled simply Levant, is a goatskin made into leather by processes for which France enjoys a high reputation: next perhaps is Turkey morocco, also a goatskin, made into leather very largely in England and France; Niger, a goatskin imported from Nigeria, has been recently introduced; Madras is made from an Indian goatskin. Cowhide and Pigskin are also valued for their tolerance of hard wear. Seal, from its suppleness and durability, lends itself admirably to the binding of Bibles and Prayer Books not of the largest size. Of the calf bindings Russia (from the country which still produces the best), with its well-known pleasant smell, comes first. Calf and tree' Calf are not used so much as formerly for the outsides of books, but a Calf lining is a very desirable luxury. Velvet Calf is by a special process given a soft pile. Of the sheepskins Rutland (with a distinctive cross grain) approaches perhaps most nearly to morocco; the leather comes principally from France. Persian is leather from India; so is Velvet persian, a similar leather with a soft pile, admirably adapted for dyeing in all manner of colours and shades. Basil is suited for hard wear by schools and other professional users of books. Lambskin, on the other hand, is used for dainty books. French appears to be a generic term, with a host of varieties included under it, or similar to it. Seal grain, Paste grain (pasting is part of the process of manufacture), and Egyptian, Italian, Arabian, and Algerian are 'others of this class. Moroccoette and Levantine are strong leather-like cloths. Boards mean that the cover of the book is stiff; Bevelled Boards, that the top, bottom, and fore-edge of the boards are sloped to make sharper edges; limp, that the cover is thin and pliable. Gilt by itself generally (gilt extra always) means that there is a gilt design upon the cover, or at least upon the back of the book, in addition to the usual gilt lettering. Blind is used for ornament not gilded or inked but simply impressed on the leather or cloth. Gilt edges means that the edges of the paper composing the book are gilded; red under gilt edges (r/g in the booksellers' lists), that the edges are coloured before being gilded; solid, that the edges have not been gilded until the back of the book has been rounded, and the paper edges become concave— —this procedure solidifies the gold leaf and affords the greatest possible protection from dust and dirt. Gold roll is a gilt tooling or binders' ornament worked inside the edges of the cover; gilt line, a line similarly worked. Yapp bindings have leather flaps which wholly or in part (semi-yapp') protect the edges of the book. Leather lined, calf lined, watered silk lining, mean that instead of paper, leather or calf or silk is used for the inside of the cover: a book thus lined is stronger, as the strength of the joint of book and cover is much increased. Silk sewn means that the sheets are sewn with silk instead of with thread, and are correspondingly less likely to be torn from the back. TYPES USED IN BIBLES For some Specimens of Fell Types, see p. 477 GREAT PRIMER. I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee, and am no more worthy to be called thy son: make me as OF ALL AUTHORS AND EDITORS AND SOME TITLES The present issue of the Alphabetical List revised to December 31, 1923, and comprising all books on sale at that date, is a general index to the Fourth Edition (1924) of the General Catalogue, but is also issued separately for independent use. It comprehends the periodical announcements of the Press up to and including Bulletin No. 268. For prices, &c., of Bibles and Prayer Books the booksellers should be consulted. 333 Acland, Sir H. W., in Boyle Lectures Acton, Lord, see Burd, Machiavelli. Chronicon. Sir E. M. Thompson. 10s. 6d. net . Adamnan, Abbot 45, 47, 405 3s. net 119 59 307 56 313 248 255 . Index to Jowett's Plato's Dialogues. 2s. 6d. net and Campbell, Sophocles' Plays, minor ed. 2 vols. I, text, 5s. net; II, notes, 6s. net. 326 Plays separately, 2s. 6d. net each and Matheson, Demosthenes against Philip. 2 vols. Vol. I, 3s. 6d. net; Vol. II, 4s. net Philippics I-III, from the above. 3s. net Demosthenes on the Crown. 5s. net. and Wright, Golden Treasury of Ancient Greek Poetry. 10s. 6d. Abbott, E. A. 'Righteousness' in the Gospels. Out of print 371 b Poetry and Contemporary Speech. 2s. net Bronze Age Pottery. 2 vols. 63s. net Aberystwyth Studies Vols. I-III, 3s. net each: Vol. IV, 6s. net Abingdon, Extracts from Jackson's Oxford 65 421 Life of St. Columba. J. T. Fowler. 12s. 6d. net Adams, G. B., English Constitution. 15s. net. 51 Klaussmann's Wolfdietrich. O.J.G.S. 2s. Adams, J. Q., Dramatic Records of Sir Henry 128 a 244 239 67,94 432 a 29 281 258 96 315 288 and Bradley, Jonson Allusion-Book. 25s. net. 287 237 51 239 Abu 'l-'Ala of Ma'arrat Al-Nu'man 52, 128 c 378 Addison, Joseph 381 382 202 Coverley Papers. Ed. O. M. Myers. 3s. 197 Journal relating to, by J. Townsend. 5s. net Abingdon Abbey, Early History. 2s. 6d. net Abkāriūs, I. ibn Y., Lebanon in Turmoil. Trans. J. F. Scheltema. 27s. 6d. net Ed. A. Sidgwick. O.C.T. From 3s. 6d. n. 151, 322, 325 325 229 227, 325 325 216 Tr. J. Conington. Ed. J. C. Collins. 2s. 6d. n. Text and Trans. Ed. W.W. Goodwin. 6s. 6d. n. 325 Choephoroi; Eumenides; and Persae. Ed. A. Sidgwick. 3s., 3s., 3s. net Persae. Ed. M. R. Ridley. 3s. 6d. net. Prometheus Bound. Ed. A. O. Prickard. 3s. Tr. R. Whitelaw. Ed. J. C. Collins. Septem contra Thebas. Ed. A. Sidgwick. 3s. Tragoediae. Ed. W. Dindorf. 5s. 6d. net Aetna. Ed. R. Ellis. 7s. 6d. net. Aetolia. W. J. Wodehouse. 21s. net AFRICA (see also South Africa) 325 325, 352 325 2s. 6d. n. 216 325 325 341 360 Ajanta Frescoes. Out of print. Life; in Johnson's Lives of the Poets. Aksakoff, S., trans. J. D. Duff. Russian Gentleman. From 28. net. W.C. Years of Childhood. From 2s. net. W.C. Albertano of Brescia. Liber Consilii et Consolationis. Chaucer Soc. . Albright, V. E., Shakespearian Stage. Albuquerque. H. M. Stephens. R.I. Alcock, R., Sierra, Canción de Cuna. Alcott, L., Good Wives. From 1s. 3d. Little Women. From 1s. 3d. Aldenham, Lord, Romance of the Assigne. E.E.T.S. Out of print Aldin, Cecil, Booklets. 6d. net each 276 Mod. Eng. Trans. H. L. Hargrove. 4s.net ALGEBRA Alger, G. W., and others Morals in Modern Business. 7s. 6d. net Ali, Haidar, and Tipu L. B. Bowring. R.I. 3s. net Ali, Japhet Ibn, Commentary on the Book of Daniel. Ed. D. S. Margoliouth. 21s. net Ali, Mrs. Meer Hassan, Mussulmauns of India. Ed. W. Crooke. 7s. 6d. net; I.P., 8s. 6d. net. Alington, Cyril, Twenty Years. 12s. 6d. net Virgil's Aeneid, IV-VI. 3s. 6d. net Allan, J. 288 a 305 55 305 299 302 313 79 378 78 68 339, 352 347 135 1, 113 d, 117, 118 Allan, Miss M. M., and others Old Plans of Oxford. O.H.S. 21s. net AGRICULTURE, Books on. in Shakespeare's England Ahmad, M. N. Bride's Mirror. Ed. G. E. Ward. 10s. 6d. net Aids to the Inner Life 6 vols. From 4s. net each Ainsworth, H. The Tower of London. W.C. From 2s. net Airy, O., Burnet's History of My Own Time. Vol. I, 16s. net; Vol. II not sold separately; Supplement, by H. C. Foxcroft, 16s. net; the three vols., 42s. net. Aitchison, Sir C. Lord Lawrence. R.I. 3s. net Aitchison, L., and Barclay, Engineering Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. O.T.P. 21s. n. . 432 a Aitken, G. A. Works of John Arbuthnot. 15s. net Aiyangar, S. K., South India and her Muhammadan Invaders. 15s. net. ABBREVIATIONS: O(xford) P(oets), Classical) Texts), E(nglish) T(exts), F(rench) Plain) T(exts), H(igher) F(rench) S(eries), J(unior) F(rench) S., J. G(erman) S., J. L(atin) S., M(iscellany), M(odern) F(rench) S(eries), |