The private life of Kosciusko was, to the full, as romantic as the public one. With the high-born dame, alluded to in a former part of this narrative, he was afterwards united, and became her third husband. By this lady he had a daughter, who is since married, and resides in Poland; so that he may have grand-children to glory in his name; and, if occasion should offer, to vindicate his honour and his cause. When forsaken, and nearly forgotten by all the world, one faithful friend still remained to the gallant Pole. This was M. Ziltner, with whom he resided during the last few years of his life, in the vicinity of Fontainbleau. This gentleman had been formerly minister from the Swiss cantons to the court of the Tuilleries; and his friend, in return, contrived that the imperial bounty of which he himself disdain d to partake, should insure independence to the old age of his ki. and beneficent host. During the autumn of 1817, they took a long journey together, for the purpose of visiting Switzerland, and paying homage to the cradle of so many patriots and heroes. It was at Soleure that Kosciusko resigned his breath, in the sixty-fifth year of his age, happy to escape from a land of tyranny and priestcraft, and to draw his last sigh within sight of the canton that gave birth to William Tell, the liberator of Switzerland. The brave, disinterested, and virtuous Kosciusko is now no more. He is gone where the voice of flattery cannot reach, followed by the praises of the good in every clime where liberty is prized or understood. He loved America, fought, and bled in her defence. In all his intercourse with the citizens of this country he evinced the utmost desire to serve their cause and promote their interests*. In his days of power, at the head of armies that adored his name, no false glory dazzled him, nor corrupt ambition could betray him. He nobly resisted the foreign potentates who had laid waste his country, not because they were kings and emperors, but because they were invaders and oppressors. He combated with no rebellious sword-for no ambiguous object. When Poland lost her independence, Kosciusko lost his home: as she sunk he rose; but not upon her ruins. The court of Russia would have allured this illustrious defender of the people whom she had subjugated, by temptations irresistible to vulgar minds; Bonaparte would have made him the flattered instrument of a spurious and hollow liberty to his countrymen; but Kosciusko saw that their lot was irretrievable, and his own he refused to change. As a soldier and a patriot, in public life and in retirement, his principles were untainted, and his name unsullied; the monarchs whom he opposed respected him; the factions who failed to seduce, forbore to slander him; and he would have been a Washington, had he not been a Wallace. UNNOTICED Shall the mighty fall? Shall he, whom bonds could not enthral, Who planned, who fought, who bled for all, A letter from Kosciusko to Paul Jones was given at page 235. Gen SITION TAKEN BY 10 OF OCT 1777 IN WHI VESTED BY THE AMERICANS AND OF GEN' GATES THE 16TH OF OCTOBER THE SAME YEAR. Sketch taken by an American Officer. blished by M. Thomas. Palado 55 VOL. XI. 433 byne at lory the ketch of 1 forces. aders on al consef skill in er a spes profes ice genein itself, 432 The priv public one. of this nar husband. and reside in his nam and his ca When f ful friend ner, with 1 the vicinit minister fi his friend, he himself: old age of During for the pu to escape 1 more. lowed by 1 his name, her indep in public his name * tusko to Paul Jones was given at Without a song, whose fervid strains While earth-while hope endures, thy name, "Tis shrined amid the holy throng; Yes!-Campbell of the deathless lay, Thy hosts on battle field arrayed, To make the earth by freemen trod, And thou wert one of these; 'twas thine, Through thy devoted country's night, With all that purity to shine, A myrtle wreathe was on thy blade, Wert mighty, though undone; No terrors gloomed thy closing scene, In danger and in death serene! Though thou hast bade our world farewell, And left the blotted lands beneath, In purer, happier realms to dwell; With Wallace, Washington, and Tell, The Brutus of degenerate climes! -Capture of the Army under General Burgoyne at Saratoga. ING is so well calculated to fasten upon the memory the g features of an engagement, as a well-drawn sketch of id, with the position and movements of the several forces. s considered, we are enabled to present to our readers on sion, and if it serve to illustrate an event of signal consen our history, to show more clearly the value of skill in combinations,—and to afford to the scientific officer a spethe graphic art, so necessary to the study of his profesflatter ourselves that we shall be rendering a service geneptable, in rescuing from oblivion a plan curious in itself, I. 55 but particularly deserving of attention as a tactical representation of a very memorable national success, from the pencil of an American officer. In our account of Ticonderoga, we briefly recapitulated the circumstances of Burgoyne's advance from Canada, with a superior force, and the retreat of the garrison. His army, on its entrance into the United States' territory consisted, according to the returns in general Burgoyne's 'State of the expedition from Canada' of between seven and eight thousand men, British and Ger mans. The instructions given to this officer, it has since appeared, were, to clear the country about the Lakes, to penetrate to the river Hudson with his main-body, and, effecting a junction with Sir Henry Clinton at Albany, who was to be detached for the purpose with an adequate force from New York, thus possess himself of the command of that river,-establish an easy communication by the Hudson with the army under Sir William Howe, then having its head-quarters at New York,-and complete a line of separation between the country north of the Hudson, and all to the southward. In the sequel, it was expected, that each of these divided parts, taken in detail, might be more successfully over-run, and all cooperation being effectually cut off, the reduction of the whole would be speedily accomplished. Such was the scheme projected by the British for the campaign in the north of 1777, a scheme, the development of which might have been attended with serious results to the American cause, had not a combination of circumstances providentially intervened to frustrate its execution, by enabling the valour of our troops to annihilate the power of one of the finest and best appointed armies. that ever entered our territory. General Burgoyne had detached colonel St. Leger with orders to reach Albany from Canada by a different route. He was to ascend the St. Lawrence to Lake Ontario, and thence to proceed down the Mohawk. He had accordingly reached the head of this river, and was investing Fort Scuyler, when intelligence of his operations was brought to Burgoyne, who perceived the importance of a rapid movement down the Hudson, in order to aid him in his project, and to effect the junction of the troops. But this intention could not be executed without the aid of ox-teams, carriages and provisions, to procure which he detached Lieut. colonel Baum, a German officer, with about 500 regulars, and 100 Indians, having with them two light pieces of artillery, to take possession of a depôt of grain, cattle, and provisions at Bennington, which, according to information obtained, was guarded by militia only. The Lieut. colonel approached within a few miles of the place, when, being threatened by a superior militia force under colonel Stark,* which had come out to meet him, he deemed it imprudent to per *This officer had distinguished himself at the battle of Bunker's Hill, as noticed at pp. 152, 156. i |