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On the Theory of Exchanges, and its recent extension. By BALFOUR
STEWART, A.M..........................
Page
97
On the Recent Progress and Present Condition of Manufacturing Che-
mistry in the South Lancashire District. By Drs. E. SCHUNck,
R. ANGUS SMITH, and H. E. Roscoe
On Ethno-Climatology; or, the Acclimatization of Man. By JAMES
HUNT, Ph.D., F.S.A., F.R.S.L., Foreign Associate of the Anthropolo-
gical Society of Paris, Honorary Secretary of the Ethnological Society
of London.......
.........
On Experiments on the Gauging of Water by Triangular Notches. By
JAMES THOMSON, M.A., Professor of Civil Engineering, Queen's
College, Belfast
Report on Field Experiments and Laboratory Researches on the Con-
stituents of Manures essential to cultivated Crops. By Dr. AUGUSTUS
VOELCKER, Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester......
Provisional Report on the Present State of our Knowledge respecting
the Transmission of Sound-signals during Fogs at Sea. By HENRY
HENNESSY, F.R.S., Professor of Natural Philosophy in the Catholic
University of Ireland.........
108
129
151
158
... 173
........
176
Report on the Present State of our Knowledge of the Birds of the
Genus Apteryx living in New Zealand. By PHILIP LUTLEY SCLA-
TER and FERDINAND VON HOCHSTETTER
Report of the Results of Deep-sea Dredging in Zetland; with a Notice
of several Species of Mollusca new to Science or to the British Isles.
By J. GWYN JEFFREYS, F.R.S., F.G.S..
..... 178
Contributions to a Report on the Physical Aspect of the Moon. By
J. PHILLIPS, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., Professor of Geology, Oxford ... 180
Contribution to a Report on the Physical Aspect of the Moon. By W.
R. BIRT, F.R.A.S.
...
Preliminary Report of the Dredging Committee for the Mersey and Dee.
By Dr. COLLINGWOOD and Mr. BYERLEY
181
...... 188
Third Report of the Committee on Steam-ship Performance................. 190
Preliminary Report on the Best Mode of Preventing the Ravages of
Teredo and other Animals in our Ships and Harbours. By J. GWYN
JEFFREYS, F.R.S., F.G.S. ....
Report of the Experiments made at Holyhead (North Wales) to ascer-
tain the Transit-Velocity of Waves, analogous to Earthquake Waves,
through the local Rock Formations: by command of the Royal Society
and of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. By
ROBERT MALLET, C.E., F.R.S.
.......
200
201
236
On the Explosions in British Coal-Mines during the year 1859. By
THOMAS DOBSON, B.A., Head Master of the School Frigate "Con-
way," Liverpool
Continuation of Report on Steam Navigation at Hull. By JAMES
OLDHAM, C.E., Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers......... 239
Brief Summary of a Report on the Flora of the North of Ireland. By
Professor G. DICKIE, M.D....................................
240
On the Psychical and Physical Characters of the Mincopies, or Natives
of the Andaman Islands, and on the Relations thereby indicated to
other Races of Mankind. By Professor OWEN, F.R.S. &c. ..... 241
Report from the Balloon Committee. By Colonel SYKES, M.P., F.R.S. 249
Report on the Repetition of the Magnetic Survey of England, made at
the request of the General Committee of the British Association.
By Major-General EDWARD SABINE, R.A., President of the Royal
Society.....
Interim Report of the Committee for Dredging on the North and East
Coasts of Scotland............................
On the Resistance of Iron Plates to Statical Pressure and the Force of
Impact by Projectiles at High Velocities. By WILLIAM FAIRBAIRN,
Esq., LL.D., F.R.S. &c., President of the Association
Continuation of Report to determine the Effect of Vibratory Action and
long-continued Changes of Load upon Wrought-iron Girders. By
WILLIAM FAIRBAIRN, Esq., LL.D., F.R.S., &c., President of the
Association........
250
280
286
Report of the Committee on the Law of Patents.......................
289
Report on the Theory of Numbers.-Part III. By H. J. STEPHEN
SMITH, M.A., F.R.S., Savilian Professor of Geometry in the Uni-
versity of Oxford
292
NOTICES AND ABSTRACTS
OF
MISCELLANEOUS COMMUNICATIONS TO THE SECTIONS.
MATHEMATICS AND PHYSICS.
MATHEMATICS.
Address by G. B. AIRY, Astronomer Royal, President of the Section
Mr. A. CAYLEY on Curves of the Third Order
1
2
............
Mr. THOMAS DOBSON on the General Forms of the Symmetrical Properties of
Plane Triangles
C. F. EKMAN'S Inquiry into the Fundamental Principles of Algebra, chiefly
with regard to Negative and Imaginary Quantities.......
M. BIERENS DE HAAN on Definite Integrals .......
Sir W. R. HAMILTON on Geometrical Rests in Space
Rev. T. P. KIRKMAN on the Roots of Substitutions
Professor PRICE on the Influence of the Rotation of the Earth on the Apparent
Path of a Heavy Particle .......
6
Mr. W. H. L. RUSSELL on the Calculus of Functions, with Remarks on the
Theory of Electricity
9
Mr. WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE on Petzval's Asymptotic Method of solving Dif-
ferential Equations...
10
on the Reduction of the decadic Binary Quantic
to its Canonical Form ........
Professor SYLVESTER on the Involution of Axes of Rotation
The ASTRONOMER ROYAL'S Remarks on Dr. Hincks's Paper on the Acceleration
of the Moon's Mean Motion as indicated by the Records of Ancient Eclipses 12
Mr. J. S. STUART GLENNIE on the Resistance of the Ether to the Comets and
Planets, and on the Rotation of the latter...
Mr. R. P. GREG on M. Haidinger's Communication on the Origin and Fall
of Aërolites
M. W. HAIDINGER'S attempt to account for the Physical Condition and the
Fall of Meteorites upon our Planet
...... 15
Rev. EDWARD HINCKS on the Quantity of the Acceleration of the Moon's
Mean Motion, as indicated by the Records of certain Ancient Eclipses .....
Mr. DANIEL VAUGHAN on Cases of Planetary Instability indicated by the ap-
pearance of Temporary Stars.........
22
24
Mr. J. S. STUART GLENNIE on the Application of the Principle of the Conser-
vation of Force to the mechanical explanation of the Correlation of Forces... 26
Professor W. THOMSON'S Physical Considerations regarding the Possible Age
of the Sun's Heat
27
LIGHT, HEAT.
Sir DAVID BREWSTER on Photographic Micrometers.......
28
on the Compensation of Impressions moving over the
Retina.....
on the Optical Study of the Retina..........
on Binocular Lustre ......
Mr. J. ALEXANDER DAVIES'S Observations upon the Production of Colour by
the Prism, the Passive Mental Effect or Instinct in comprehending the En-
largement of the Visual Angle, and other Optical Phenomena.
Mг. THOMAS ROSE on Presentations of Colour produced under novel conditions;
with their assumed relation to the received Theory of Light and Colour....... 32
Mr. WILLIAM THOMAS SHAW's Method of interpreting some of the Pheno-
mena of Light...........
33.
Mr. JOHN SMITH on the Chromascope, and what it reveals.
Mr. THOMAS SUTTON on the Panoramic Lens.......
33
on the Prism and Chromascope.
Mr. H. H. VIVIAN'S Microscopic Observations on the Structure of Metals .....
Mr. J. J. WALKER'S Observations on an Iris seen in Water, near Sunset....... 35
The ASTRONOMER ROYAL on Spontaneous Terrestrial Galvanic Currents
on the Laws of the Principal Inequalities, Solar and
Lunar, of Terrestrial Magnetic Force in the Horizontal Plane, from obser-
vations at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, extending from 1848 to 1857... 36
Mr. LATIMER CLARK and Sir CHARLES BRIGHT on the Formation of Stand-
ards of Electrical Quantity and Resistance................
37
Mr. J. P. GASSIOT on the Deposit of Metals from the Negative Terminal of an
Induction Coil during the Electrical Discharge in Vacuo
38
Professor HENNESSY on a Probable Cause of the Diurnal Variation of Magnetic
Dip and Declination..........
39
Mr. FLEEMING JENKIN on Permanent Thermo-Electric Currents in Circuits of
one Metal...........
Rev. H. LLOYD on the Secular Changes of Terrestrial Magnetism, and their
Connexion with Disturbances ....
41
Mr. C. W. SIEMENS on an Electric Resistance Thermometer for observing
Temperatures at inaccessible situations ....
Messrs. ARCHIBALD SMITH and F. J. EVANS on the Effect produced on the
Deviation of the Compass by the Length and Arrangement of the Compass
Needles; and on a New Mode of Correcting the Quadrantal Deviation....... 45
Mr. F. J. EVANS on H.M.S. Warrior's Compasses
Mr. B. STEWART on the Photographic Records given at the Kew Observatory
of the great Magnetic Storm of the end of August and beginning of Septem-
ber 1859
47
Mr. G. JOHNSTONE STONEY on the Amount of the direct Magnetic Effect of the
Sun or Moon on Instruments at the Earth's Surface.........
Mr. CHARLES TOMLINSON On Lightning Figures, chiefly with reference to those
Tree-like or Ramified Figures sometimes found on the Bodies of Men and
Animals that have been struck by Lightning ....
METEOROLOGY.
Mr. I. ASHE on the Causes of the Phenomena of Cyclones
48
49
Mr. JOHN ALLAN BROUN on the supposed Connexion between Meteorological
Phenomena and the Variations of the Earth's Magnetic Force.........
52
Mr. WILLIAM DANSON on the Law of Universal Storms........
Mr. WILLIAM FAIRBAIRN on the Temperature of the Earth's Crust, as exhi-
bited by Thermometrical Returns obtained during the sinking of the Deep
Mine at Dukinfield ......
Rear-Admiral FITZROY's Tidal Observations ..............
53
56
365
Dr. J. H. GLADSTONE on the Distribution of Fog around the British Isles...... 57
Mr. JAMES GLAISHER on a Deep-Sea Thermometer invented by Henry John-
son, Esq.
son, Esq.........
on a Deep-Sea Pressure-Gauge invented by Henry John-
58
59
on a Daily Weather Map; on Admiral FitzRoy's Paper
presented to Section A. relative to the Royal Charter Storm; and on some
Meteorological Documents relating to Mr. Green's Balloon Ascents............ 61
Mr. J. T. GODDARD on the Cloud Mirror and Sunshine Recorder ..........
Professor HENNESSY on the Connexion between Storms and Vertical Disturb-
ances of the Atmosphere
..........
Mr. WILLIAM HOPKINS on the Theories of Glacial Motion ......
Mr. W. S. JEVONS on the Deficiency of Rain in an Elevated Rain-Gauge, as
caused by Wind.............
Mr. H. W. CRAWLEY on a Solar Halo observed at Sydney, Cape Breton, Nova
Scotia, August 13, 1861
63
Mr. PETER J. LIVSEY'S Description of a Mercurial Barometer, recently invented
by Mr. Richard Howson, Engineer of Middlesborough-on-Tees
..... 64
Mr. E. J. Lowe on the Great Cold of Christmas 1860, and its destructive
Effects
Letter from Captain MAURY on the importance of an Expedition to the Antarctic
Regions, for Meteorological and other scientific purposes. (Communicated by
the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty) ......
64
65
Mr. JOHN E. MORGAN on an Anemometer for Registering the Maximum Force
and extreme Variation of the Wind...............
72
Rev. T. RANKIN's Meteorological Observations at Huggate, Yorkshire ..........
Mr. C. W. SIEMENS on a Bathometer, or Instrument to indicate the Depth of
the Sea on Board Ship without submerging a Line ...
Mr. BALFOUR STEWART on a New Minimum Mercurial Thermometer proposed
by Mr. Casella....
Rev. W. WALTON on some Signs of Changes of the Weather