Bats represented, i. 234.
Battle axe, i. 362, 363.

with bronze blade and silver
casing to the handle, i. 363.
Battles formerly decided by hand-to-
hand fighting, i. 364.
Beads, ii. 64, 65, 339, 340.

Beans and other vegetables eaten,
but not by the priests, i. 323.
Bear, i. 228, 245.
Beards, false, ii. 329.

of gods, kings. and private indi-
viduals, ii. 329.

Bedroom furniture, i. 70, 71.

Bedsteads, i 72.

Beef and goose favourite meats of the
Egyptians, i. 66.

not wholesome, i. 66.

Beer, men drunk with, i. 54.

offered, i. 266.

called barley-wine, and zythos
(zythus), i. 53–55.

Bees and hives, i. 36.

taken on the Nile in boats, i. 36.
Bellows worked by the feet, i. 174.
Benha-el-Assal, or "Benha of honey,"
town of, i. 37.

Beni-Hassan, strange shields at, i.
348.

wrestlers at, i. 204, 205.

dwarfs and deformed persons
at, i. 204.

Benno sacred bird of Osiris (appa-
rently the Phoenix), i. 251, 252.
Berek. See Abrek.

Berenice, on the Red Sea, ii. 235–237.
Berkel, pyramids of Gebel, ii. 301,
304.

Bersheh. See Colossus.
Bident spear, i. 237–239.

Biot, reign of Thothmes fixed by, ii.

Black and white slaves. See Slaves.
- puddings made in Egypt, i. 170.
Blades of tools, and weapons, mode of
fastening, ii. 113, 164.
Blocks. See Stones.

Blood used for cooking, i. 170.
Boar, wild, in Egypt, i. 244.

, wild, eaten by some people
about Damietta, i. 244.

Boards, mode of joining two, ii. 111,
112.

Boat towed on a lake in the grounds
of a villa, i. 25.

414.

with sail made of papyrus, i. 413,

of guard ships, ii. 55.

steersman a high office among,
ii. 55.
Boats of Egypt, i. 414; ii. 119–131.
See Ships.

with double mast in early times,
i. 413, 414.

punts, or canoes of papyrus,
osiers, &c., pitched, ii. 119, 120, 123.
various kinds of, in Egypt, ii.
123, 130.

going up and down the Nile, ii.
122-124.

sails of, like those of China, but
generally of sailcloth, ii. 123.
of burthen, ii. 121, 122.

of large size only used during
high Nile, ii. 125.

123.

made of the papyrus, ii. 119-

mentioned by Pliny and Strabo,
at the Cataracts, ii. 119, 121.

of the papyrus safe against cro-
codiles, ii. 120.

of papyrus not sent to India, as
Pliny pretends, ii. 122.

of the Armenians covered with
hide, ii. 121.

of Egypt had no beaks, ii. 128.
construction of, ii. 130.
lotus painted on, ii. 127.
eye on prow of, confined to the
funeral boats, ii. 127, 367.

-, eye on Maltese and Indian, ii.
127.

ornaments on head and stern of,
ii. 128.

pullies, doubtful if used in, ii.

130, 131.

rigging of, ii. 130.

built with ribs, and little or no
keel, ii. 126.

with and without a cabin, ii.
123-125, 127, 129.

of burthen, cabins of, ii. 129.
-, square sails of, ii. 126, 128.
with coloured and embroidered
sails, ii. 131, cut 167.

sails of, how reefed and furled,
i. 412; ii. 126, 130.

- sails of, had yard at the top and
bottom, ii. 126, 128.

sails of, had one yard in old
times, ii. 126.
Bocchoris the Wise, a great legis-
lator, ii. 217.

Body, reason for preserving the, ii.
380.

Boiled meats seldom eaten by
Homer's heroes, i. 173.

Bottle held on the thumb, i. 165.
Bottles, i. 155, 157, 158, 164, 165.

and vases stopped with leaves,
i. 165.
Bouquet of the Mareotic wine, i. 49.
Bouquets at parties, i. 57.

among the offerings to the Gods,
i. 257, 258.

Bow of the Koofa, i. 349.

of Egypt, i. 349, 350.

mode of stringing the, i. 350.
mode of drawing the, i. 222, 351.
guard on the wrist, in using
the, i. 351.

and arrows for the chase, i. 221.
cover used by infantry, i. 354.
case, i. 354.

suspended at the side of a cha-
riot, i. 375.

string of catgut, i. 351.

- string used for entangling an
enemy, i. 351.

Bow the knee, abrek, bérek, ii. 203.
Box, curious mode of fastening the
lid of a, i. 163, 164.

Boxes of wood of various forms for
ornament, and for the toilet table,
i. 159-164.

mode of opening, ii. 116, 117.
Boy. See Child.

Boys watched the grapes, i. 43.
Brass cups, i. 82, 180.

money, ii. 150.

Bread with seeds, i. 177, 179.

cakes of, in form of leaves, cro-
codile's head, &c., i. 177, 266.

266.

shape of rolls of, i. 176, 177, 179,

made of wheat, or barley, or
doora, i. 179. See Doora.

error of Herodotus respecting
wheaten, i. 180.

Brickmakers. See Bricks.

with taskmasters, as described
in the Bible, ii. 195.

Bricks led to the invention of the
arch, i. 18; ii. 304.

houses of crude, i. 6, 18; ii. 8.
houses of crude, stuccoed, i. 6.
derived from mass of mud first
used for building, ii. 281.

captives and Egyptians made,
ii. 195.

made with, and without, straw,
ii. 194.

- preserved to this day, ii. 194.
horizontal courses of, in curved
lines, ii. 194.

burnt, of Roman time, ii. 194.
a government monopoly, ii. 194,
195.

weapons in Britain. See British.
tools, how tempered, ii. 156.
chisel found at Thebes, ii. 158.
-, patina upon, ii. 159. See Metals,
and Metallurgy.

Bruce's harpers, i. 108-110.
Bubastis, Tel Basta.

See Fête.

raised more than any town, as a
protection against the inundation,
ii. 9, 209.

Buffoonery, the Egyptians fond of, i.
73, 100, 210.

Buffoons, i. 100-103.

Buildings. See Architecture.

oldest, were of limestone, ii. 305.

Bull-fights, i. 209, 300, 301.
Bulls, sacred, i. 248, 288, 289.
Apis.

Bureaucratie in Egypt, ii. 176.
Burial refused, i. 325; ii. 376.

See

refused even to a king if bad, i.
314, 379.

Bushes dragged over the mud, ii. 11.
Butchers sharpening knives on a
steel, i. 169, 170.

Buto, fête of Latona at, i. 296, 298.
Byblus. See Papyrus.
Byrsa, the citadel of Carthage, ii. 93.

a name found in the East, ii. 93.
Byssus is linen, not cotton, ii. 73.
Byzantine and other styles of archi-
tecture, ii. 305.

Cabbages eaten to excite them to
drink, i. 53.

Cabinet-makers. See Carpenters.
Cabins. See Boats.

Calasiries (Klashr) soldiers, i. 337,
338.

Calasiris, fringed dress called, ii. 91,
321.

Cambyses invaded Egypt, i. 309,
Caffass of palm branches, i. 71.
Cairo, Mulkufs on the houses of,
vignette A, i. 1.

Cakes of various shapes in offerings,
i. 266.

with seeds, i. 177, 266; ii. 31.

Calf, golden, i. 140.

Camel not represented, i. 234.

Camp, i. 406, 407.

Camp-stools, i. 63.

represented supporting tables
and chairs, and on sandals, i. 68, 69;
ii. 287, 333.

- represented slain by the king
on the façades of the temples, alle-
gorical, and found on the monu-
ments of the Ptolemies and Cæsars,
i. 411.

Car. See Chariot.
Carchemish, defeat of Necho at, i.
309.

fortified town of, i. 308, 309.
Caricatures of women, i. 52; ii. 276.
Carpenters and Cabinetmakers, ii.
109, 111-119.

tools of the, ii. 111-114.

work of the, ii. 111-119.

Carpets, i. 68; ii. 92, 93.

Carriage with four wheels, i. 384.
for travelling (or plaustrum), i.
384, 385.

Carthamus, ii. 22, 34.

Cartonage of mummies, ii. 396, 397.
Carts of the Tokkari, i. 392.
Cassiterides, ii. 134–136.

Castes. See Classes.

Castor Oil, and castorberry tree, ii.
23, 24, 29.

mode of extracting, ii. 23, 24.
Cat used as a retriever, i. 236, 238.
—, sacred, i. 246.

-, wild, or chaus, i. 230, 246.
Catgut strings of lyre and other in-
struments, i. 118, 122, 123, 125.
Cattle of different kinds, i. 231.
stall fed, i. 27; ii. 49.
Imarked with a hot iron, i. 217,

Ceres and Isis, i. 297.

wolves led a priest to the temple
of, i. 299.

Chair, a monkey tied to the leg of a,
i. 145.

Chairs, i. 58-65.

double and single, i. 62.

the Egyptians sat on, i. 58.
kangaroo, i. 64, 65.

Changes made in the Egyptian re-
ligion, i. 328-330.
Chaplets, numerous, i. 57.

of nightshade in Egypt, ii. 33.
Character of the Egyptians, i. 2, 3,
210; ii. 210, 227. See Conquest.

modes of telling the, i. 210, 211.
Chariot with complete furniture, i.
376.

held two persons, i. 368, 370.
sometimes held three, i. 368, 370.
the king alone in his, i. 371.
the king had a "second," i. 371.
had no seat, i. 373.

was of wood, i. 373.

bent pole of the, i. 374.

driver was on the off side of the,
i. 371.

-, parts of the, i. 375.

-, process of making a, i. 377, 378.
-, partly made by
carpenters,
partly by curriers, i. 377.
makers, ii. 117.

bow and arrow, and spear cases
suspended on the, i. 377.

wheels of the, i. 379.
drawing of, in perspective, i.
380, 382.

mode of fastening, and parts of
the harness of a war, i. 379, 381.
had only two horses, i. 381.
for travelling (or plaustrum), i.
384, 385.

or car in the Florence Museum,
i. 385, 386.

with mules, i. 384, 385.
of the Rot-ǹ-n, i. 376.
Chariot-corps, i. 368, 371, 386.
Charioteer, i. 368, 370, 371.

often a person of consequence,
i. 372.
Chariots of silver and gold, others
painted, i. 375.

-, guests arrived in, i. 73, 74, 76.
of gentlemen in towns, i. 371.
of princes, i. 370.

Charms, ii. 352.

or bullas, worn by children,
ii. 330.

Charon, origin of, ii. 375, 377.
Chase, i. 212, 214, 218, 221, 224.

a favourite pastime, i. 212.

in the grounds of grandees, and
nets enclosing a space for the, i.213.
Chemistry and metallic oxides, know-
ledge of, ii. 67.

and dyeing cloths, ii. 67.
Cherubim like the winged figures of
Truth in the arks, i. 271.

Chevron ornament in Egypt, ii. 290.
Chickens, or fowls, treatment of, ii.
184.

Child, lock of hair indicative of a, i.
311, 372.

accompanied its parents when
fishing and fowling, i. 235, 237.
Children of priests, education of, i. 321.
's hair, ii. 328.

education of, ii. 226.

of common people, i. 322.
of slaves, ii. 225.

severity of duties of, ii. 225.
-, respect of, to parents, ii. 225.
not swaddled, and mode of car-
rying, ii. 330.

Chinese bottles, ii. 68, 69, 70.

probable date of, ii. 70.
Chisels, ii. 113, 114. See Bronze.
Choristers, i. 92.

often blind, i. 94, 95.
Chorus of many persons, i. 92.
Christian story offers fine subjects for
art, ii. 294.

Clappers, or Crotala, i. 99, 100, 129,
130, 135, 296.

used in dances, i. 135.

Clapping the hands, i. 92. See Hands.
Class the 1st and the 2nd, priests and
soldiers, i. 316; ii. 2.

Class 3rd, huntsmen, gardeners, boat-

men, peasants, &c., ii. 2, 54, 55.
Class 4th, members of the, ii. 2, 56.
Class 5th, members of the, ii. 2.
Classes, five, of the Egyptians, not
castes, i. 316; ii. 2.

according to Herodotus, Dio-
dorus, Strabo, and Plato, ii. 1, 2.
Clay used for pottery, ii. 107.

kneaded by the foot, ii. 107.
Cloth, manufacture of, ii. 85, 86, 89.
calendering, ii. 91, 92.

Clover, dried, called in Arabic Drees,
ii. 21, 48, 49.

Club of rude shape, i. 364.

(lissán) or curved stick, i. 365.
used by foreigners (woodcut), i.
338, 365.

oldest silver, ii. 147, 150. See
Gold.

Colossi. See Statues.

Colossus on a sledge, at El Bersheh,

ii. 307, 308. See Frontispiece to
vol. ii.

Colour of temples, ii. 281, 290, 291.
of statues, ii. 279.

Colours, nature of their, ii. 292.

taste in the arrangement of, ii.
293.

applied to wood on a coating of
stucco, ii. 111.

Coloured, and glazed tiles, ii. 288, 292.
Column thrown down by one of the
guests at a party, i. 146.

supporting a statue, not good
taste, i. 21.
Columns, eight orders of Egyptian, ii.
285, 286.

286.

palm tree and other, ii. 283.
Caryatide from the Osiride, ii.

slender, reaching to the top of
the house, i. 20, 21; ii. 286.

of our modern houses, i. 20.
variety of, in the same hal, ii.
296, 297.

, square, or pillars, the oldest, ii.
281.

polygonal, ii. 282-284.

half drums of, ii. 284.

Combs, ii. 342, 343.

Committees never responsible, ii.295.
Commutation. See Punishments.
Confectioners, i. 174, 177.
Confession of the dead, ii. 201.
Conquest of a country does not en-
tirely change the character of a
people, i. 2; ii. 227.

Conquests of the Egyptians, i. 308,
390-416.

Convent, or college, of women, i. 319.
Conversation considered the charm of
society, i. 146.

Cook. See Baker.
Cooking meat, i. 174, 175, 178.
Cooks, i. 170, 174-178.
Coopers, ii. 117.

-, occupation of, ii. 166.
Copper, use of, or bronze, when
alloyed with tin, ii. 152, 158.

mines in Egypt, ii. 155. See
Bronze.

Copt, refusing to pay taxes, story of,
ii. 213.

Coptos, pottery of, ii. 107.
Corbag whips, i. 240.

Corn, six ears of, offered by the king,
i. 273.

and other produce sown, ii. 39.
See Wheat.

Corn country, i. 173.

Coronation. See King.

Corslet, or coat of scale armour, i.
366, 367.

worked in colours, i. 367, 368.
bronze, scales of, with the name
of Sheshonk (Shishak), i. 368.

of Amasis, with gold thread, ii.
81, 82.
Cotton cloth, ii. 74.

used by the priests, ii. 74.
not Byssus, ii. 73.

Couches, i. 68, 69.
Cow. See Athor.
Cow's head on a pilaster, ii. 286.
Credulity, reaction of, i. 211.

, injury arising from, i. 325, 328.
Criminals. See Punishments. See
Bastinado.

when not transported, ii. 215.
Crocodile, mode of catching the, i.
241, 242, 244.

venerated in some, hated in other
places, i. 242, 332.

242.

attacked by the Tentyrites, i.

a timid animal, i. 242.

mode of attack of the, i. 243.

size of the, i. 243.