Sinai, first tables broken, and others prepared and inscribed by the divine finger. THE BIBLE. In early times the copy of the law was laid up in the side of the ark, and was found by Hilkiah,-read by Ezra,-Books of the old Testament, the law, the prophets and the psalmsbooks in New Testament, Gospels, Acts, Epistles, and Apocalypse. | Times of Uzziah, written by Isaiah,-acts of Hezekiah, also written by him,-Book of the kings of Israel and Judah,-Lamentation for Josiah by Jeremiah; Books of the Chronicles of the kings of Judah and Israel often referred to,-profane Authors sometimes referred to, as in Esther, and by Paul. THE BIBLE A PERFECT REVELATION, Neither to be diminished nor added to,-to be read in public, as it was often in early Jewish history, and latterly in the Synagogues, obligation to hear it,-give ear, who hath BOOKS QUOTED NOT IN THE CANON, Book of wars of the Lord, quoted in Numbers, -Jasher quoted in Joshua, and 2nd. Samuel-ears let him hear,-also to obey - neglect of book of Nathan the prophet, and Gad the seer,-prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite, and visions of Iddo,-book of Shemaiah the prophet, and Iddo the seer, story of the prophet Iddo in 2nd. Chronicles, also referred to in same place, the book of Jehu, Life and SPEECH. this duty resulting in ignorance,-exposition of the Scripture as by Ezra and Philip, Israel's happinesss dependant on obedience, desire and benefit of understanding and searching scripture-obligation at the same time to remember it, and to meditate upon it. SPEECH. Primeval tongue-naming of animals by Adam-confusion of tongues at Babel-a people of unknown tongue often meaning a distant and fierce people-various languages mentioned in Scripture, and a dialective variety-Sibboleth-names of persons and places significant of old, usually explained and often referred to. THE ORGAN OF SPEECH, Tongue-government of it difficult, but essential-word spoken in season-slow to speak, bridling the tongue,soft answer, etc.-Loquacity-prating fool-uttering all his mind-silence --I was dumb and opened not my mouth. LANGUAGE. Often used in challenge or address, and reply -numerous instances in Scripture and in Job REPROOF. OATH, An appeal to God-the Lord liveth-oath to be scrupulously kept-instances of oathsin Old Testament-of Abraham to the king of Sodom, and to Abimelech-of Abraham's servant to his master-of Jacob to Laban-of Joseph to his father, of Joshua to Rahab-of Joshua to the Gibeonites-of Moses to Joshua-oath of Gideon-Saul's adjuration to the people-in the intercourse of David and Jonathan-in the history of David and Solomon-of Elijah-Nehemiah-GedaliahJeremiah; in New Testament of Herod Peter-forms of adjuration used by Paul; selfimprecation on the part of David, Job and the Psalmist. FAME, Based on many qualities-principally valour the good often evil spoken of contemned in Hebrew times a good name to be valued and maligned. SINS OF TONGUE, Falsehood in various forms-equivocationA duty specially referred to often in Pro- dissembling-instances in Abraham, Sarah, verbs. GOOD WISHES, Expressed by the Jews and by individuals. Vows, Of Jacob, Israel, Absalom-the Psalmist-of Paul-vows to be kept, or paid with punctu ality-rash vows of Jepthah, and of the Jews against Paul-special and kind, Levitical law in case of a woman vowing. Jacob, David, Peter, Ananias-flattery, tale bearing,-vain-boasting-boasting of Paul-a record of facts, mockery, reproach, censorious judgments, calumny-hard names not always unjust-Herod, that fox-swearing forbidden in the form of profanity and perjury. FIGURES OF SPEECH, Satire in song of Deborah, etc -Irony-Elijah's speech to the worshippers of Baal, etc., climax, hyperbole-comparison, metaphor-striking say. ings of Solomon-personification-various instances of it-gifts of tongues at Pentecost, not Sacerdotal and private-instances often re- to be used for an idle display, acording to corded. BENEDICTION, Paul's advice to the Church in Corinth. Instructors, descending with oracles-law received by the disposition of angels; guardians, ministering spirits-sometimes inflicting vengeance-as seen by David in the angel with the drawn sword over Jerusalem, in the destruction of Sennacherib's army, and in the Apocalypse. wrestled-appearing in the burning bushand to Joshua, and to Manoah and his wifethe God of the temple-even Jesus Christangels to be venerated, not worshippedworshipping of angels reprobated-not accepted on any account by them-see thou do it not. DEVILS, Malignant and fallen-their head, SatanAbaddon, Apollyon, god and prince of this world-lying-evil in character-synagogue of Satan-numerous-name Legion-of mysterious power, and influence-scene in Job-Apocalyptic imagery-final doom of fallen spirits -Satan bruised-worship paid to them in the Often in the form of men with bright ap customs of idolatrous countries-cup of devils arel-strange symbols in the book of Ezekiel-apocalyptic dragon, or old erpent. -the angel of the covenant-prominent in patriarchal history-with whom Jacob VISITATIONS OF ANGELS, (DEMONS, see under MIRACLES.) TABERNACLE-TEMPLE. TABERNACLE, Of divine origin-made according to pattern shown in mount-a quadrangular structureformed of Acicia boards, each ten cubits high, and a cubit and a half broad, with two tenons fitting into silver sockets-twenty boards on north and south side-six for west side, and two for each of its corners-held up by boards of Acacia-with a curtain of blue and purple suspended over eastern side or entrance, having over it three coverings of linen-cashmere or goat's hair-morocco leather or rams-skins dyed red-and badger's skin for the outer ALTAR daily burnt-offerings-having on it a fire which was never to go out-laver of brass. ARTISTIC GENIUS, Of Bezaleel and Aholiab, in constructing the Tabernacle and its furniture - they being filled with the Spirit of God. SOLEMN DEDICATION, In wilderness, amidst numerous sacrifices and costly offerings, made by the princes of the tribes and the descent of the ShecinahTabernacle pitched at various places-Sinai, Gilgal, Shiloh, Nob, and Gibeon-spiritual and typical meaning of the structure and its services illustrated in the Epistle to the Hebrews. 120 cubits high, with two brazen pillars beautifully carved, called Jachin and Boaz-its doors of fir and posts of olive, and ceiling floors, and walls panelled with cedar, lighted by In court of Tabernacle-made of brass for narrow windows. TABERNACLE TEMPLE.] CHAMBERS. Round about, and of three stories. FURNITURE, rebuilt under divine promise, uttered ly Haggai and Zechariah-Obstacles presented by various adversaries, but at length overcomeDedication-under Ezra-purified by Jesus, and its ruin foretold by Him-Ezekiel's mys In holy place, lamps, etc.,—in Holy of Holies, tic temple-its measurement and form, etc., ark and cherubim. COURT ROUND ABOUT, There being in it the lava and molten seathe brazen altar-an asylum as well as a place of sacrifice. DEDICATION, By Solomon with great splendour. SACRILEGE, Asa taking away treasures of the temple-also Jehoash-Ahaz mutilating its furnitureHezekiah guilty also. DEPREDATION, By Joash, king of Israel-Shishak, and Nebuchadnezzar-temple vessels being used at banquets in palace of Belshazzar. REPAIRS, Under kings Jehoash and Josiah-purification under Hezekiah and Josiah Ruin of Temple, foretold by various prophets,and accomplished by the Chaldeans. RESTORATION, detailed at length in the concluding chapters of his prophecy. Predicted and accomplished under Cyrus pulpit of wood. VINEYARD-ORCHARD. VINEYARD, A common and early possession,- -one planted by Noah, vineyards very numerous in Judea, planted on hills, sometimes trained on sides of houses, sometimes let and rent paid in fruit,-fruit of, not to be eaten for three years, the symbol of Jewish privilege,-parable of the husbandman, and its reference to Jesus. Its blossom,-sour grapes,-grapes in clusters often heavy as at Eschcol,-dwelling under vine symbol of security-wood of vine useless save for fuel, a fruitful source of imagery to the prophets. LAW OF PLANTING, One who bad newly planted, exempt from military service.-not to be sown with diverse seeds, dressed by husbandmen with pruninghooks,-protected by hedges and towers. VINTAGE. Grapes gathered into baskets with singing, trodden in wine presses with shouting,-symbol of divine wrath,-vine, a figure of Christ,its branches, of his people. HERB AND SHRUB. Apple, its beauty,-Ash,-Bay, its verdure, Box, Cedar, goodly and full of sap, Chesnut, Cypress,-Fig, its fruit very abundant, its Aloes, Calamus, Myrrh, Saffron, Spikenard, leaves indicative of Summer,-Fir,-Juniper, very costly, Anise, Cummin, mint, tithe of them, Lign,-Aloes, planted by the Lord, Mulberry, Cucumbers, Garlic, Leeks, Melons, Onions Myrtle, Mustard, seed small, Oak, Oil tree, in Egypt.-Cassia, Fitches thrashed or beaten Olive, green, goodly fruit shaken off when ripe, with staff,-Gourd, its rapid growth,-Hyssop, -Palm, straight and tall, the righteous one, Reeds and Flags, by water-course, and slender Pine,-Pomegranate,-- Shittim,-Sycamore, or shaken with the wind, Mauna, angels' common by wayside,-Teil,-Willow by the food. brook. VISIONS AND DREAMS. VISIONS AND DREAMS. One mode of divine revelation to the prophets, open vision, false vision,-the true vision to be written, plun upon tables. VISIONS IN SCRIPTURE. through multitude of business,—also supernatural ones from God,-anxiety to interpret them, very common, as seen in Pharaoh and Nebu chadnezzar-true interpretation only from God as inferred by Joseph and Daniel INSTANCES IN SCRIPTURE. From Jehovah to Abraham, Jacob, Moses in the bush, Samuel the child, and Nathan, -the sublime description of Eliphaz,-vision Of Abimelech concerning Sarah,-Jacob,of Isaiah and symbolic ones to Ezekiel,-to the Ladder, -Laban concerning Jacob,Nebuchadnezzar,-to Daniel of empires and Joseph about his future elevation,-Pharaoh's changes.-and to Amos and Zechariah,-(see butler and baker about their own fate,under PARABLES and EMBLEMS.)-In New Pharaoh himself about the coming famine, Testament of various kinds to Ananias, Cor---Midianite soldiers about Gideon's victory,nelius, Paul, John, and the disciples. Solomon, and the gift of wisdom, Nebuchad nezzar, the colossal image,-and the mystic tree, Daniel,-Joseph about the child Jesus, DREAMS. Night and Sleep-dreams natural coming Pilate's wife and that just man. A frequent occurrence, and usually the result Proclamation of peace or surrender to be ofsintul passion--whence come wars and fightings? made ere the siege commenced, often prooften exemplified in Jewish history-under- ductive of great misery to the belligerent city taken sometimes for conquest, as under Joshua-parable of the little city, besieged by the against the nations of Canaan-sometimes for self-defence, as Israel against Amalek, etc. BIOTS, Or simultaneous uprisings, as at Jerusalem, against Paul-civil wars and passions, as in ancient armies, when every man's sword was turned against his fellow. FIGHTING. A scourge of Providence, severely felt by many nations-and therefore prace esteemed a great blessing-universal peace predicted swordsconverted intoploughshares(Strongholds, Fenced and Walled Cities,(see under ARCHITECTURE)-passes sometimes watched and guarded garrisons put into strongholds-strict watcu kept by sentries. great king, and delivered by a poor wise man Blockade the raising of a bank, or casting up a mount-the trench-building a fort and setting an engine the battering-ram and axes-breach made, and city taken. SIEGES MENTIONED IN SCRIPTURE. Abel, Ai and the ambush, Debir, Eglon, Gibbethon, Hamath-zobah-Hebron, cities in north of Palestine-Jabesh-Gilead-Jericho, the ram's horns and ark-Jerusalem (see under JERUSALEM)-cities of Judah, Keilah, Lachish, Libeah, Makkedah, Ramah, Ra moth - Gilead, Samaria, Shechem, Tizah, Thebez, Ziklag. RESULTS OF SIEGE. Overthrow and spoilation-fortress levelled, and the city often set on fire, as instanced in many of the cities enumerated above, and threatened against other cities by Amos. MILITARY TACTICS, RESOLUTION TO GO TO WAR. Israel's valour and resolve based on divin promise-vain-glory, sometimes manifested, and caution und cowardice both exhibited-for divisions of Reuben there were great scarching of heart. RESULTS OF BATTLE. The march-Hebrew soldiers during it to be pure-the route of Sennacherib's land drawn by Isaiah-attempt of Israel to march through Edom and the land of the Amorites, God the giver of victory-acknowledged by and its consequences-the march of an army productive of great devastation, licking up all Joshua and David-the promiser of it also round about-stopping wells, felling trees, pil--defeat from him, and on account of sin, laging harvests. and that defeat threatened by him. THE SEA, WATER. SEAS, Gathered together on the third day-the scene Mentioned in Scripture, Adria-Mediterof great wonders-Jordan and the Red Sea--ranean variously named-Red sea-Salt or symbols of affliction-always under the com- Dead sea-Sea of Galilee or Tiberia-Sea of mand of God, the Lord sits king on the floods. Jazer. |