The Gum is a kind of gangrene incident to fruit rees of the stone kind; and arises from injudicious pruning, from bruises, or injuries received in the wood or bark. The Gum is to be cut out perfectly clean; and grubs must be sought for, and they are to be cut out before the composition is applied.

OF MIL-DEW, HONEY-DEW, AND

BLIGHTS.

MR. FORSYTH, in general, speaks in the strain of others writing on these subjects, who have little more than guessed at the nature of these disorders: the most likely surmise of Mil-dew, &c. seems to be what he quotes from Mr. Segar; where he says, that Mil-dew is of a very sharp corrosive nature, and by its acrimony hinders the circulation of the nutritious sap.

Mr. Forsyth says, when danger is apprehended, wash or sprinkle the trees well with urine and limewater mixed; and when the young and tender shoots are much infected, wash them well with a woollen cloth dipped in the mixture following, to the clearing them of all glutinous matter, that their

respiration and perspiration may not be obstructed: Take tobacco a pound, sulphur two pounds, unslacked lime a peck, and a pound of elder buds: on these pour ten gallons boiling water-cover it close, to stand till cold: then add cold water, as much as will fill a hogshead. After standing a few days to settle, take off the scum, and it is fit for use.

The Honey-dew he directs to be treated in the same manner: and he cautions that trees be washed or watered early enough in the day to dry before the cold air of the night arrives; nor should it be applied whilst the sun shines very hot.

tree;

Blights, he says, sometimes destroy the whole but oftener the leaves and blossoms only. Wash, he adds, with soap-suds and urine; the sooner the better; and even with a woollen cloth dipped in the same liquid as above directed for mil-dew.

OF INSECTS.

UNDER the head of Insects, Mr. Forsyth gives a long list of them; concerning which, the imagination becomes tired; and it is tedious, and too ge

nerally unsatisfactory. Of the Aphis; he says the Aphides or Plant-lice are a numerous tribe, amounting to 75 species. Of the Acarus there are 82 species. Moisture, he thinks, best destroys them, as in hot-houses it does many other insects. The Acarus (or Red Spider) also destroy or much injure melons in dry weather. There are other species of 160 sorts.

It would be heavy work to enumerate those plagues, when the accounts of them and the methods proposed for reducing them are not generally satisfactory for answering the views of the husbandman therein. The general applications to the trees and plants are powders of ashes and lime mixed and strewed on them-also lime-water, strewed through the tube and its head, of a water engine that forces.-Moreover, in hot-houses, moisture destroys some sorts-Water alone is applied often in hot-houses. Melons he directs to be examined, and when the leaves curl and crack in the middle, the Acarus or Red Spider may be presumed to have effected the injury, although as yet they may not be visible to the eye. In this state of the melons, in fine warm sunny weather, water them all over the leaves from a watering-pot with a

rose; or an engine, about six in the morning, and about eight o'clock shade them with mats, if the sun shines, and shut the frames close down till eleven: then admit a little air, the mats remaining till three in the afternoon; then take them off. Endeavour to water the under side of the leaves, and the vines may be cautiously turned partly for the purpose. In cold frosty weather do not sprinkle the plants.

A wash of urine and soap-suds accumulated and stored in winter, he largely uses to his trees distempered with insects, caterpillars or vermin ; and in summer the mixture is lowered with water. It kills also slugs near the roots of trees. Urine and suds are saved in tubs in winter for the summer's use.

On Forest-Trees his treatise is important; but it is here prolix; and being a subject not yet scarce and striking to the attention of the American people, this is for the present here omitted.

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS

ON THE

DISEASES, DEFECTS AND INJURIES OF FRUIT, AND

FRUIT-TREES.

MR. FORSYTH, in thirty years practice in cultivating, pruning, and keeping garden fruittrees, observed that from natural causes, accidents, and unskilful management, they were subject to injuries of various kinds, which always diminished their fertility, and frequently rendered them wholly unproductive.

He thereupon offers to disclose his practice and management with his composition, formerly applied in the manner of a plaster, but now in a liquid state, and laid on with a painter's brush. He imputes to it a soft and healing nature; an absorbent and adhesive quality; and that by resisting the force of washing rains, the contraction of nipping frosts, and the effects of a warm sun or drying winds, it excludes the pernicious influence of a changeable atmosphere.