the leaves around the spring are incrusted with a substance as white as snow.

Cobb's mineral springs, in the county of Jefferson, are famed for their medicinal virtue, and are much frequented. Thirty or forty houses, or cabins of logs, are built for the accommodation of visitants.

Commerce and Manufactures. The chief articles of export are rice, tobacco, sago, lumber of various kinds, naval stores, leather, deer skins, snake root, myrtle, and bees wax, corn, and live stock. The planters and farmers raise large stocks of cattle. In return for the enumerated exports, are imported West-India goods, teas, wines, various articles of clothing, and dry goods of all kinds; from the northern states, cheese, fish, potatoes, apples, cider, and shoes.

The people in the lower counties manufacture none of their clothing, either for themselves or their negroes. For their wearing apparel and husbandry utensils, they are dependant on their merchants, who import them from GreatBritain and the northern states.

Education. The literature of this state, which is yet in its infaney, is commencing on a plan which affords the most flattering prospects. A seminary, with ample and liberal endowments, is instituted and organized at Athens, near the centre of the state. An academy in each county is also to be supported from the same institution, under the general superintendance and direction of a president and board of trustees, appointed for their literary accomplishments, from the different parts of the state, invested with the customary powers of corporations. The institution, thus composed, is denominated The University of Georgia.

Societies. There is a medical society in this state, called the Georgia Medical Society, a Bible Society, Female Asylum, Union Society, for the education of orphan male children, an Agricultural Society, and a public library.

Chief Towns. MILLEDGEVILLE, the seat of government, is in Baldwin county, on the S. W. bank of the Oeone, 160 miles N. N. W. of Savannah, containing 1246 inhabitants.

SAVANNAH is the largest town in the state. It stands on a sandy bluff, 40 feet above low water mark, on the S. side of Savannah river, 18 miles from the bar. It is regularly built, in the form of a parallelogram, and had, in 1810, 2490 white inhabitants, 2195 slayes, 530 free blacks; in all

5215. It has eight places for public worship, a Presbyterian, Episcopal, Lutheran, Baptist, Roman Catholic, one for the blacks, who have a church of 1400 communicants, and a Jewish synagogue.

AUGUSTA, on Savannah river, 114 miles from the sea, and 127 northwest of Savannah, has 2476 inhabitants.

SUNBURY is a small seaport town, 40 miles southward of Savannab, and has a safe and convenient harbor.

BRUNSWICK, in Glynn county, is at the mouth of Turtle river, at which place this river empties itself into St. Simon's sound. Brunswick has a safe and capacious harbor. FREDERICA, on the island of St. Simon, is the first town that was built in Georgia, and was founded by General Oglethorpe.

ATHENS is the seat of the University of Georgia, and capital of Clarke county, near Louisville.

Curiosities. One of the greatest curiosities in this state is the bank of oyster-shells in the vicinity of Augusta, 90 miles from the sea. Oyster-shells are found here in such quantities, that the planters carry them away for the purpose of making lime, which they use in the manufacture of indigo. There are thousands of tons still remaining. The circumstance of these shells being found in such quantities at such a distance from the sea, can be rationally accounted for in no other way, than by supposing that the ocean formerly flowed near this place, and has since, from some unknown cause, receded to its present limits. It is generally believed that all the flat country in the southern states and Florida, was once covered by the ocean.

On the banks of Little river, in the upper part of the state, are several curious and stupendous monuments of the power and industry of the ancient inhabitants of this country. Here are also traces of a large Indian town.

Indians. The MUSKOGEE or CREEK Indians inhabit the middle part of this state, (as it was originally) and were until the late war, 1814, (which has nearly destroyed the tribe) the most numerous tribe of Indians of any within the limits of the United States. Their whole number was about 25,000 souls, of whom between 5 and 6000 were gun men. They are a hardy, sagacions, polite people, extremely jealous of their rights. They are settled in a hilly, but not mountainous country. The soil is fruitful in a high degree, and well

watered, abounding in creeks and rivulets, from whence they are called the Creek Indians.

The CHOCTAWs, or Flat Heads, inhabit a very fine and extensive country, between the Alabama and Missisippi rivers, in what is now the state of Missisippi. This nation had, not many years ago, 43 towns and villages, containing 12,123 souls, of which 4041 were fighting men.

The CHICKASAWS are settled at the head waters of the Tombekbee, Mobile, and Yazoo rivers, in the northwest corner of the state of Missisippi. They have seven towns. The number of souls in this nation has been reckoned at 1725, of which 575 are fighting men.

Islands. The chief islands on the coast of Georgia, are Skiddaway, Wassaw, Ossabaw, St. Catharine's, Frederica, Jekyl, Cumberland, and Amelia. The latter is within the bounds of East Florida. On Cumberland island, is the splendid and delightful seat of Mrs. Miller, widow of the celebrated General Greene. These islands are surrounded by navigable creeks, between which and the main land is a large extent of salt marsh, fronting the whole state, four or five miles in breadth, intersected with creeks in various directions. The islands have an excellent soil, which yields by cultivation, large crops of cotton, corn and potatoes.

THE MISSISIPPI TERRITORY

(A PART OF IT ERECTED INTO a state 1816,)

LIES west of the state of Georgia, and is bounded on the north by Tennessee; west by the Missisippi river, which separates it from Louisiana; south by West Florida. Of this territory, the legislature of Georgia sold, in 1795, about twenty-two millions of acres to four different companies. The lands have since been sold by the original purchasers, chiefly in the middle and eastern states. In 1796, the legislature of Georgia declared the laws of the preceding year, null and void; and ordered the act, authorizing the sale of the Western Territory, together with all the records relating to it, to be formally burnt, which was done in presence of the legislative body.

A compromise has lately (1814) been made with Congress in behalf of these unfortunate purchasers, which gave them about 10 or 12 cents an acre, of their purchase money.

This territory, now (1816) erected into a distinct government, is divided into 11 counties, whose population, according to the census of 1810, was as follows :

A considerable portion of the territory is inhabited by the Creek, Chickasaw and Choctaw Indians, mentioned in the description of Georgia.

It is intersected by a great number of rivers, running in every direction, the principal of which are the Yazoo and Loosa Chitto, which fall into the Missisippi; Pearl, Pascagoula, Mobile, Alabama, Tombekbee, Escambia and Chatta Hatcha, which empty into the Gulf of Mexico; and the Tennessee, which falls into the Ohio.

The soil produces in great abundance, Indian corn, rice, hemp, flax, indigo, cotton, pulse of every kind, and pastur age; and the tobacco made here is esteemed preferable to any cultivated in any other parts of America. Hops grow wild; all kinds of European fruits arrive to great perfection. The climate is healthy and temperate; the country delightful and well watered; the prospects beautiful and extensive, variegated by many inequalities and fine meadows separated by innumerable copses, the trees of which are of different kinds, but mostly of walnut and oak. The rising grounds, which are clothed with grass and other herbs of the finest verdure, are properly disposed for the culture of vines; the mulberry trees are very numerous, and the winters sufficiently moderate for the breeding of silk worms.

Clays of different colors, fit for glass works and pottery, are found here in great abundance; and also a variety of stately timber, fit for house and ship building, &c.

NATCHEZ, on the east bank of the Missisippi, is the capital of this territory, and including St. Catharine's, contained in

1810, 1511 inhabitants; of these, 833 were slaves. Jefferson, in Washington county, contained 437 inhabitants. Shamburg and Steele, in this county, were equally populous. Coles Creek, and Baie Pairre, in the county of Pickering, Sandy and Second creeks and Homo Chitto, in Adams county, are the best settled parts of this new country.

On the head waters of the Mobile are found oyster shells. They are of an astonishing size, and in such quantities as to forbid the idea of their being carried there from the sea, which is 300 miles distant. The Chickasaws say they were there when their fathers came into the country. They use the shells in making earthen ware.

The Missisippi Territory, lies between the States of Missisippi and Georgia,

LOUISIANA,

IN ITS ORIGINAL EXTENT.

THE boundaries of Louisiana, as purchased by the United States in 1803, are not settled; its extent, of course, cannot be ascertained. It is estimated, however, to contain nearly a million square miles.

Divisions. Louisiana is divided into two governments, the state of Louisiana and the Missouri Territory (now state.) The STATE OF LOUISIANA comprehends,

1. The country between the Perdido on the E. the Missisippi on the W. the Ibberville and the gulf on the S. and the Missisippi Territory on the N.

2. The island of Orleans, which is the tract of land lying between the Missisippi on the S. W. and the Ibberville and lakes Maurepas and Ponchartrain on the N., E. The Ibberville is a bayau or arm of the Missisippi, which leaves it on the E. 208 miles from its mouth, according to the course of the river, and flows through lakes Maurepas and Ponchartrain to the gulf of Mexico. The island stretches from E. S. E. to W. N. W. in a straight line, about 160 miles. Its breadth varies from 6 to 25 miles.