opinions of mankind? Mr. Justice Brewer, of the United States Supreme Court, has suggested that the most extreme measure that could be needed would be an international boycott of any nation refusing to obey any law or decree of the world government, which would be sufficiently accomplished, so far as government action is concerned, by the withdrawal of all diplomatic relations. This is not government without force, for each nation has its own police and army to compel its own citizens to accept decrees of the international court. Those who regard world government as a mere theory should also study "the concert of Europe " in the treaties of Westphalia, Paris, Berlin and Brussels, the three former being drawn by official peace congresses at the end of great wars to preserve the balance of power, the latter being a constitution of the Congo Free State made by seventeen nations acting together, which decreed, among other things, international prohibition. Chancellor MacCracken of New York suggests the formation, in all colleges and high schools, of World Parliament Clubs let us have them also in churches and among business men and workmen to study and promote world government, which will some day realize "the parliament of man and the federation of the world." WASHINGTON, D. C. In Memoriam-John Hay. "Peace hath her victories!" and such were thine, Christ and War. It will be readily conceded - indeed, I do not suppose that it has ever been questioned that Christ clearly and unmistakably taught the doctrine of non-resistance, the passive endurance of wrong; that he fully exemplified this doctrine in his life and in his death; that it is as fully set forth, with as complete implication that it was a universal principle, for all circumstances and times, as the law of love in fact, that it is a part of that; that his disciples perfectly understood his teachings on this point, and, though some of them were hotheaded enough, followed his teaching and example with the most remarkable devotion. The example of the disciples was in turn followed by primitive Christianity. If fully satisfied that Jesus approved or permitted war, Christianity should rest in that conviction, since it holds. that He spoke with absolute and final authority. In fact, it is not and never has been satisfied. The contradiction between this and the doctrine of non-resistance is too plain to be ignored by the most hardened believer. It is driven at the outset to apology. The only explanation it can offer is that he changed his view. The necessary consequence is to conclude that the doctrine of non-resistance was impracticable, and that his earlier teaching was a delusion. But with the everwidening sense of human brotherhood, the conviction has deepened that the law of love is the permanent and universal rule for the guidance of human conduct, and that war with its dreadful destruction and enormous suffering cannot be reconciled with it. Christianity, therefore, has shifted its ground. Oh, yes, war is horrible, and Christ did not approve of it as a permanent principle, but he allowed it for a season, because in the state of society which he found and which he left it is unavoidable. There will come a time of universal peace - in the millennium. War has not been eliminated because the evil passions of men, their selfishness, sin and folly have not been eliminated. When Christianity is everywhere accepted, war will cease. Very good. War is permissible, then, because based on the folly, selfishness and sin of men. Christ sanctioned it because it is sinful or selfish. But this will apply equally to lying, stealing, burglary, arson and murder.-- From H. E. Warner's" The Ethics of Force." Peace Work in Japan. We have received a letter from a Japanese of prominence which reveals clearly that peace principles are already taking root deeply in Japan, notwithstanding the militarizing influence of the war and the bad effect upon the island empire of the impact of the great military powers of Europe. The writer, whose name we do not care to disclose without his knowledge and permission, says: "The June number of the ADVOCATE OF PEACE has been thankfully received. I am a Japanese and I am an advocate of peace. I believe even the most victorious war is ruinous in all its effects. I believe war is not only immoral but foolish; and I wonder why the wise 'children of this world' cannot see this plain fact. I have had the honor of standing against this war from its very beginning. You may feel assured that there are more lovers of peace in this country than you may imagine. Of course, we all love our country; and for that love's sake we love peace and hate war. When this war is over, you may count upon much advancement of the cause of peace in this country." That Japanese gentleman has in him the stuff of which martyrs are made, and he has read his New Testament with a clearness of vision and insight which puts to shame many professed followers of Jesus of Nazareth in so-called Christian lands. The "Council of the Friends of Peace," an organization recently effected by a group of missionaries from four different missions in and about Tokio, is gradually bringing into association and coöperation the Japanese who hold views like those of the writer of this letter, and it is more than probable, considering the rapidity with which new ideas and movements of the better order take hold of the Japanese, that that country, when the war is over, may speedily become one of the most advanced and influential centers of the peace propaganda. New Books. THE VOICE OF EQUALITY. By Edwin Arnold Brenholtz. Boston: Richard G. Badger. Price, $1.25. This poem, written in Whitmanesque verse, is entirely above the ordinary poetry of the day. It is in some respects a great poem. It displays great and sustained power of the creative imagination, and is written not for the mere pleasure of the art, but for the manifestation and support of truth, as all the highest creative literature is. The pleadings of " Equality "in it are so strong and passionate that it is difficult to resist the feeling that it is a real person pleading. Mr. Brenholtz has poured all his soul into the work. The book, from the first verse to the last, is the cry of a spirit that feels all the inequalities and injustices in society as it exists to-day, and to whom the sufferings and degradations of fellow men are as real as his own possibly even more real. Democracy, which to him, if not a religion, is profoundly religious and spiritual, has never had a truer and more sympathetic exponent and defender than the author of the "Voice of Equality." He feels the potential greatness and glory of all men of all races and classes, and sees man as he ought to be, and as every one of us ought to grant him opportunity and to help him to be. The poem, however, is not a simple one, as Milton says poems ought to be. It will not be found easy reading, except to those who have thought much and deeply upon the social problems which are now stirring society to its depths. It is too uniform throughout to leave the most satisfactory and helpful effect upon the average mind. The unbroken tread of the Whitmanesque verse grows somewhat monotonous and wearisome before one reaches the end. But it is, nevertheless, a work of a very high order, one of the best products we have seen of the socialized imagination of our day, and we wish for it a wide reading. It is throbbing with the new spirit, the new ideas and feelings, which are slowly but surely transforming the social order into something more just and humane. THE ETHICS OF FORCE. By H. E. Warner. Boston: Ginn & Company. Price, 50 cents next. This book of one hundred and twenty-six pages is one of the International Library series which Mr. Ginn is publishing. It is a bit of clear, vigorous and conscientious thinking and is a valuable contribution to the discussion now everywhere going on in regard to the abolition of war. The titles of the chapters give a good idea of the scope of the book. They are, after a valuable Introduction, "The Ethics of Heroism," "The Ethics of Patriotism," "Can War Be Defended on the Authority of Christ?" "Can War Be Defended on Grounds of Reason?" The sixth chapter is devoted to answering objections. The author takes the highest and most advanced ground on the whole subject, and develops his position in a strong, clear way, without cant and "sentimentalism," and with entire fairness to those who hold opposite views. with pleasure this new book of verses. It is really a continuation of "Plain Talk in Psalm and Parable," published some years ago, but on the whole a better, riper, fresher, book. It is full of fine expressions of Mr. Crosby's philosophy of life-love, justice, equality, well doing, service, brotherliness, peace. We wish we had space to quote from "Democracy," "My Soul," etc. Who has seen anywhere a more exquisite bit of poetry than "My Soul Again?" WORLD ORGANIZATION. By Raymond L. Bridgman. Boston: Ginn & Company. Cloth, 172 pages. Price, 50 cents net. This book is one of the series of the International Library published by Ginn & Company. The title indicates clearly the purpose and scope of the work. From beginning to end, in all of the fourteen chapters, Mr. Bridgman argues, from many points of view, that a world political organization of the nations has now become an imperative necessity for the further progress of mankind in civilization, that the time is ripe for it, and that steps in that direction should at once be taken. Some of the chapters have appeared in the magazines. These have been revised and enlarged, and others added, and the whole subject is developed in the book in a coherent and powerful way. Not since the days, more than sixty years ago, when the great essays on a Congress and Court of Nations were written by Ladd, Upham and others, has the subject been presented with so much fullness, perspicuity and cogency as Mr. Bridgman has presented it in these pages. He has the advantage of the earlier writers in having behind his argument the two hundred arbitrations and the forty and more international congresses which have met within the century. No one who reads this book - and all students of international relations ought to read it — can fail to see that the nations are moving steadily towards a world federation. Opinion in favor of a congress of the nations has, as Mr. Bridgman shows, developed in a most extraordinary manner within a few years, and though a world legislature, for which he pleads, may yet be a good way off, some sort of a regular congress of the civilized governments for the systematic and authoritative consideration of world affairs is, we think, very near. We shall not be surprised if it should be the chief outcome of the second Hague Conference as the Permanent Court of Arbitration was of the first. THE GOSPEL OF MARK. By William Prentiss Drew, A. M., B. D. Boston: Benj. H. Sanborn & Co. This edition of the Gospel of Mark in Greek, by Professor Drew of Willamette University, is intended to provide students with the text of the gospel on the basis of classic Greek usage. It is furnished with notes and a brief vocabulary. Professor Drew, as well as many other scholars, desires to see more attention given by students of Greek in the colleges to the New Testament literature, BROADCAST. By Ernest Crosby. London: Arthur C. especially the four gospels, which have had such remarkFifield. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Co. All the many lovers of Mr. Crosby's writings will read able influence in the production of our civilization, and he has prepared this edition of Mark's gospels with this end in view. THE TRUTH ON THE CONGO FREE STATE, Brussels: The Federation for the Defense of Belgian Interests Abroad, rue Ravenstein, 3. THE INDEPENDENCE DAY HORROR AT KILLSBURY. By Asenath Carver Coolidge. Watertown, N. Y.: Hungerford-Holbrook Company. Cloth, 244 pages. The Fourth of July, in all the cities of the nation, with its ripping fire-crackers, its ear-splitting cannon crackers, its execrable toy pistols, its furious dynamite hand-bombs, and what-not, has come to be a terror to all sensible people. Independence has descended about as low as it possibly could, to express itself in the frightful ways by which we are all tormented every Fourth of July. There is a growing detestation of the thing, but as yet nothing has been accomplished towards putting an end to it except in a few places. In fact, it grows more each year, with the invention of new explosives, and its list of dead and maimed annually increases. Miss Coolidge has attempted in this story to contribute her share of influence towards a reformed Fourth. She has filled her book with intense feeling on the subject, and makes her brave heroine refuse in the end to marry a man who cultivates pyrotechnics and helps thus to kill and cripple people on Independence Day. The story, though in Miss Coolidge's usual vein, is, we think, a decided improvement over her former productions. THE RECORDING ANGEL. By Edwin Arnold Brenholtz. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Company. Cloth, 287 pages. A powerful story of the wretched conditions into which many individuals and families are thrown by the economic machinery of the present day society. It is a novel with a purpose, and the reader will not have finished many pages before finding out what the purpose is, and then he will go on as fast as his eyes will carry him to the end of the book. SHAKERISM, ITS MEANING AND MESSAGE. Prepared by Anna White and Leila S. Taylor of the North Family of Shakers, Mount Lebanon, N. Y. Those who wish to know the real character of Shakerism as believed in and practiced in the Shaker communities will find this Historical Account of four hundred pages and more an excellent source to consult. People in general have only the vaguest and most confused and fanciful notions about these communities. This book will give those who wish to do so an opportunity to enlighten themselves. SOCIAL PROGRESS. A Year Book and Encyclopedia of Economic, Industrial, Social and Religious Statistics. Edited by Dr. Josiah Strong. New York: The Baker & Taylor Company. Cloth, 349 pages. This handbook of Social Progress for 1905 is a decided advance upon its predecessor in 1904. It will be found a most valuable book of reference for editors, teachers, preachers, students and others interested in the various social problems of the day. Pamphlets Received. THE HAGUE COURT AND VITAL INTERESTS. By Sir Thomas Barclay. Reprinted from the "Law Quarterly Review," April, 1905. London Stevens and Sons, 119 Chancery Lane, W. C. EL ARBITRAJE INTERNACIONAL EN POR DE LA PAZ UNIVERSAL. Boston: The Author, 7 Durham Street. A series of articles collected and translated into Spanish by Carolina Holman Huidobro. THE EVOLUTION OF SUFFRAGE. By Frank J. Scott, Toledo, Ohio. INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION. By J. M. Clark, K. C., Toronto, Canada. A paper read before the Canadian Institute. Toronto: The Author. LES PACIFIQUES CHRETIENS. By Paul Allegret, Hâvre, France, 19 Place de l'Hotel de Ville: L'INUTILITE DES GUERRES DEMONTREE PAR L'HISTOIRE. By Elie Ducommun, Berne, Switzerland. Discourse pronounced before the Nobel Committee, Christiania, Norway, on May 16, 1904. THE EFFECTS OF WAR AND MILITARISM ON TRADE AND ECONOMIC PROSPERITY. Address by Sir Thomas Barclay before a Conference of Business Men, Manchester, England, March 28, 1905. Manchester, England: Manchester Auxiliary of the Peace Society, 9 Albert Square. KAISER WERDE MODERN. Berlin W. 35 Verlag von Hüpeden and Merzyn. DIE FRIEDENSBEWEGUNG: WHAT IT PROPOSES AND WHAT IT HAS ALREADY ACCOMPLISHED. By A. H. Fried. Leipzig: Felix Dietrich. CATECHISME DE PROPAGANDE PACIFISTE. By Gaston de Ray. Péruwelz, Belgium: Philippe et Crunelle. OBSERVATIONS ON COMPULSORY ARBITRATION AND DISARMAMENT UNDER PENALTY OF NON-INTERCOURSE, By William H. Blymyer. New York: The Author, 49 Wall Street. IL SENTIMENTO DELLA PACE IN F. PETRARCA. By Attilio Rillosi. Mortara, Italy: A. Pagliarini. LA PAIX UNIVERSELLE PERMANENTE EST-ELLE REALISABLE? By A. Jacoubenro. Geneva, Switzerland: Ed. l'feffer, 6 Boulevard GeorgesFavon. REDE DES BARON D'ESTOUrnelles de CONSTANT in der Sitzung des Französischen Senats am 11 April, 1905. German_edition of Baron d'Estournelles de Constant's speech in the French Senate on Limitation of Naval Expenses, of which twenty thousand copies have been distributed. CONGO NEWS LETTER. Boston: The American Congo Reform Association, Tremont Temple. THE AIMS AND PROGRAM OF THE SOCIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Address by Right Hon. James Bryce, with first Annual Report and List of Members. London: The Sociological Society, 5 Old Queen Street, Westminster. VICE-PRESIDENTS: Rev. Edw. Everett Hale, D.D., 39 Highland St., Roxbury, Mass. Rev. Lyman Abbott, D.D., Brooklyn, N. Y. Jane Addams, Hull House, Chicago, Ill. Rev. Charles G. Ames, D.D., 12 Chestnut St., Boston, Mass. George T. Angell, 19 Milk Street, Boston, Mass. Edward Atkinson, Brookline, Mass. Joshua L. Baily, 1624 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. Hon. William I. Buchanan, Buffalo, N. Y. Rev. Everett D. Burr, D.D., Newton Centre, Mass. Hezekiah Butterworth, 28 Worcester St., Boston, Mass. Hon. Samuel B. Capen, 38 Greenough Ave., Boston, Mass. Rev. Frank G. Clark, Wellesley, Mass. Edward H. Clement, 3 Regent Circle, Brookline, Mass. Rev. D. S. Coles, Wakefield, Mass. Geo. Cromwell, Brooklyn, N.Y. Rev. G. L. Demarest, D.D., Manchester, N. H. Rev. Howard C. Dunham, Winthrop, Mass. Everett O. Fisk, 4 Ashburton Place, Boston, Mass. B. O. Flower, Brookline, Mass. Hon. John B. Foster, Bangor, Me. Philip C. Garrett, Philadelphia, Pa. Merrill E. Gates, LL.D., Washington, D. C. Maria Freeman Gray, 3648 22d St., San Francisco, Cal. George W. Hoss, LL. D., Wichita, Kansas. Julia Ward Howe, 241 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. Hon. John W. Hoyt, Washington, D. C. Rev. W. G. Hubbard, Cedar Rapids, Ia. Rev. Charles E. Jefferson, New York City, N. Y. Hon. Sumner I. Kimball, Washington, D. C. Mrs. Charles Russell Lowell, 120 East 30th St., New York, N. Y. George Foster Peabody, 28 Monroe Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. L. H. Pillsbury, Derry, N. H. Hon. J. H. Powell, Henderson, Ky. Hon. Wm. L. Putnam, Portland Me. Sylvester F. Scovel, D. D., Wooster, Ohio. Mrs. May Wright Sewall, Indianapolis, Ind. Edwin Burritt Smith, 184 Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill. Mrs. Ruth H. Spray, Salida, Col. Mrs. L. M. N. Stevens, Portland, Me. Rev. Edward M. Taylor, D.D., Cambridge, Mass. DIRECTORS: Hon. Robert Treat Paine, ex-officio. Benjamin F. Trueblood, LL. D., ex-officio. Alice Stone Blackwell, 45 Boutwell St., Dorchester, Mass. Raymond L. Bridgman, Auburndale, Mass. Frederick Brooks, 31 Milk St., Boston, Mass. Rev. S. C. Bushnell, Arlington, Mass. Frederic Cunningham, 53 State St., Boston, Mass. Rev. Charles F. Dole, Jamaica Plain, Mass. Miss Anna B. Eckstein, 30 Newbury Street, Boston, Mass. Rev. B. F. Leavitt, Melrose Highlands, Mass. Lucia Ames Mead, 20 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. Bliss Perry, 4 Park St., Boston, Mass. Henry Pickering, 81 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE: Hon. Robert Treat Paine, ex-officio. Benjamin F. Trueblood, LL. D., ex-officio. Wm. A. Mowry, Ph. D., Hyde Park, Mass. HONORARY COUNSEL: Cephas Brainerd, New York, N.Y. CONSTITUTION OF THE AMERICAN PEACE SOCIETY. ARTICLE I. This Society shall be designated the "AMERICAN PEACE SOCIETY." ART. II. This Society, being founded on the principle that war is contrary to the spirit of Christianity and of all true religion and morality, shall have for its object to illustrate the inconsistency of war with this spirit, to show its baleful influence on all the great interests of mankind, and to devise means for insuring universal and permanent peace. ART. III. All persons desirous of promoting peace on earth and goodwill towards men may become members of this society. ART. IV. Every annual member of the Society shall pay a yearly contribution of two dollars; the payment of twentyfive dollars at one time shall constitute any person a Life member. ART. V. The chairman of each corresponding committee, the officers and delegates of every auxiliary contributing to the funds of this Society and every minister of the gospel who preaches once a year on the subject of peace, and takes up a collection in behalf of the cause, shall be entitled to the privileges of regular members. ARг. VI. All contributors shall be entitled within the year to one-half the amount of their contributions in the publications of the Society. ART. VII. The Officers of this Society shall be a President, Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, a Treasurer, an Auditor and a Board of Directors, consisting of not more than twenty members of the Society, including the President, Secretary and Treasurer, who shall be ex-officio members of the Board. All Officers shall hold their offices until their successors are appointed, and the Board of Directors shall have power to fill vacancies in any office of the Society. There shall be an Executive Committee of seven, consisting of the President, Secretary and five Directors to be chosen by the Board, which Committee shall, subject to the Board of Directors, have the entire control of the executive and financial affairs of the Society. Meetings of the Board of Directors or the Executive Committee may be called by the President, the Secretary, or two members of such body. The Society or the Board of Directors may invite persons of well-known legal ability to act as Honorary Counsel. ART. VIII. The Society shall hold an annual meeting at such time and place as the Board of Directors may appoint, to receive their own and the Treasurer's report, to choose officers, and transact such other business as may come before them. ART. IX. The object of this Society shall never be changed; but the Constitution may in other respects be altered, on recommendation of the Executive Committee, or of any ten members of the Society, by a vote of three-fourths of the members present at any regular meeting. A Primer of the Peace Movement. - Prepared by Lucia Ames Mead. A reprint of the American Peace Society's Carddisplay Exhibit at the St. Louis Exposition. A most valuable compendium of statistics, brief arguments, facts, etc. 26 pages, large print. Price 10 cts.; $7.50 per hundred. A Solemn Review of the Custom of War.- By Noah Worcester, D. D. A reprint of the pamphlet first published in 1814. 24 pages. Price 5 cts.; $3 per hundred. Dymond's Essay on War. With an introduction by John Bright. Sent free on receipt of 5 cts. for postage. War from the Christian Point of View.- By Ernest Howard Crosby. Revised edition. $1.50 per hundred, prepaid. Women and War.- By Grace Isabel Colbron. 4 pages. 40 cts. per hundred, postpaid. A French Plea for Limitation of Armaments. - By Baron d'Estournelles de Constant. Address delivered in the French Senate. 28 pages. Price 5 cts. $3.00 per hundred. The Mexican International American Conference and Arbitration. By Hon. William I. Buchanan. Address delivered before the American Peace Society, Boston, April 15, 1902. 23 pages. Price 5 cts., prepaid. The Absurdities of Militarism.— By Ernest Howard Crosby. 12 pages. Price $1.50 per hundred. Third edition. An Essay toward the Present and Future Peace of Europe.By William Penn. First published in 1693. 24 pages, with cover. Price 6 cts., or $3.00 per hundred, prepaid. International Arbitration at the Opening of the Twentieth Century. By Benjamin F. Trueblood, LL.D. 20 pages. Price 5 cts. each. $2.50 per hundred, postpaid. Text of the Hague Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes.- Price 5 cts. each. Perpetual Peace. - By Immanuel Kant. Translated by Benjamin F. Trueblood. 53 pages. Price 20 cents, postpaid. The Arbitrations of the United States. - By Professor John Bassett Moore. 32 pages. 5 cents each. $2.50 per hundred. The War System; Its History, Tendency, and Character, in the Light of Civilization and Religion. By Rev. Reuen Thomas, D.D. New edition. Price 10 cts., prepaid. Report of the Chicago Peace Congress of 1893. postpaid, cloth 75 cts.; paper, 50 cents. - Price Report of the American Friends' Peace Conference. Held at Philadelphia in December, 1901. Contains all the papers read. Price 15 cts. postpaid. Seventy-Seventh Annual Report of the Directors of the American Peace Society. Price, postpaid, 5 cents. The Christian Attitude Toward War in the Light of Recent History. By Alexander Mackennal, D. D. Address delivered at the International Congregational Council, Boston, September 22, 1899. Price $1.50 per hundred, prepaid. - Publications of the American Peace Society. Military Drill in Schools. - By Rev. W. Evans Darby, LL.D. Tolstoy's Letter on the Russo-Japanese War.-48 pages and cover. Price, postpaid, 10 cts. A Regular International Advisory Congress. - By Benjamin The Historic Development of the Peace Idea.- By Benjamin F. Trueblood, LL. D. 32 pages. Price 5 cts. each. $2.50 per hundred.' 8 pages. Price 2 cts., or $1.25 per hundred, postpaid. William Penn's Holy Experiment in Civil Government. By Benjamin F. Trueblood, LL.D. 24 pages with cover. 5 cts. each, or $2.00 per hundred, carriage paid. History of the Seventy-five Years' Work of the American Peace Society. +16 pages. Two copies for 5 cts. - A Battle, as it appeared to an Eye-witness. By Rev. R. B. Howard. Letter Leaflet No. 1. Price, postpaid, 20 cts. per hundred. The Cherry Festival of Naumburg. - Letter Leaflet No. 4. Price 20 cts. per hundred, prepaid. Washington's Anti-militarism. Letter Leaflet No. 8. 4 pages. Price 35 cts. per hundred, prepaid. Coals of Fire. - By Willis R. Hotchkiss, of the Friends' African Industrial Mission. Letter Leaflet No. 7. Price 30 cts. per hundred, prepaid. The Christ of the Andes. -8 pages. Illustrated. $1.00 per hundred, postpaid. |