their admission among them now, would be like the conversion of the Nachash or Serpent into a Monkey or Ouran-outang, (as Dr. Adam Clarke has done in the nineteenth century of the Christian æra, to the astonishment of the religious world,) and thus there would be no end to the useless ambiguities and confusion thereby introduced in the value of the Greek Letters by the arbitrary admission and vicarious substitution of the three Episèma for regular letters. As the three Episèma have never been so used in ancient or modern times-viz. Letters for Cyphers, and Cyphers for Letters, so there can be no sufficient reason given why they should now, for the first time, be admitted to such arbitrary use, unless it be to accommodate Mr. Faber's opinion; for he argues with more plausibility than truth, there being a similarity in one form between the emoμy or Cypher 5', and the contraction 5. But Grammatical Investigation will show the positive necessity there is for drawing a broad line of distinction between the one and the other, when an instance of orthography is to be determined. It is obvious that one form of the arya (s) is somewhat similar to the Contraction 5, as also to the episèmon ; but they are easily to be distinguished from each other; the episèmon being always used with a Mark, and never without it, because it is a numerical Cypher. The Contraction 5 is never seen with a Mark-and the sigma (s) is known by the top part of it being somewhat shorter than the two former characters, and it has a Mark appended to it only when used as a numeral.

9. S'.

1st. The Character or Cypher called

or

by Grammarians επίσημον Ταυ, οι ς' F. V. . . 2ndly. The Contraction of the two

letters, sigma and tau, 5, as seen in the Table of Contractions 3rdly. The Four several formations

of the sigma.

στ 5.

Therefore it will be absolutely necessary, not only to preserve an apparent distinction in point of Form, as set forth in the Greek Grammars, but likewise their several and well-known appellations, situations, and numerical value, by which they are always distinguished from one another, and to act otherwise is to introduce ambiguity and confusion in the place of that orthographical order and Harmony which existed before, and this derangement is but a poor apology for that indeterminate species of Orthography which Mr. Faber has propounded to us in the word ArosaτNS, a word thus proved to be totally inapplicable and inadequate for those purposes and intentions for which it has been in these aftertimes, brought forward by him, to supplant the most ancient and generally approved name of a MAN, even Λατινος.

Furthermore-as not one of Three Episêma has, as far as I know, ever been admitted into the Alphabet of any Greek Grammar extant-or into the Tables of the Greek Contractions or Ligatures of the Letters, not even into Mr. Valpy's Greek Grammar which has the ancient Di-gamma (F) so conspicuous on the Title Page, we may safely conclude that the Top Fav, or Cypher

is not considered by Gram

marians as a contraction of two Letters of any kind, but merely a stenographical character introduced into the sixth place for the obsolete Di-gamma, by which to denote six under one character, when calculating Numbers, instead of aé or any other two letters as ' or which will equally produce the number six in names of Men &c. &c. It is therefore manifest that the Three inua are numerically used (conjointly with the twenty-four letters of the Greek alphabet) for the obvious purposes of calculating numbers but not for NAMES, seeing that they can never be requisite for that purpose. Therefore, as the ancient Grecians never used the three Episèma in the same manner as Mr. Faber has introduced ONE of them, he has therein acted contrary to all Greek precedent concerning the use of the episèmon ', which he has so ingeniously foisted into the word Arosaτns, but which has, in every point of view proved less than nothing for his opinion, which is most ambiguous and inconclusive if the Greek Letters only are to decide the merits of the Question at issue: that they ought so to decide is palpably evident from the sound and orthodox example of Irenæus. How much soever, therefore, Anos arns may serve for any other point, it most certainly does not contain by the individual arithmetical computation of the LETTERS, the NUMBER mentioned by St. John, which is xs' or 666, or Six hundred Threescore and Six :" and therefore it CANNOT be the true Mark or Name of the MAN, because it does NOT produce the NUMBER of his Name, which point is the sine quâ non of the

subject. It matters little what Mr. Faber has written against the orthography of the NAME AaTeos as set forth by Irenæus, which may nevertheless be termed the Stereotyped appellative Name of the MAN, and contains by PROOF of the most indisputable orthography, the true Number of the Beast, and is illustrated in all other respects by the strong clear light of scriptural allusion, and therefore I will venture to say by way of happy and exulting anticipation, "Virescit vulnere VERITAS!!" and that although, Tempora mutantur, Mutantur Homines," yet"VERITAS eadem Manet!!!"

CHAPTER IX.

ON THE PROPER DISTINCTION ΤΟ BE OBSERVED BETWEEN THE USE OF THE THREE EPISÈMA, VIZ. επισημον Ταν... Κοππα.. AND Σανπι—AND THE 24

LETTERS OF THE GREEK ALPHABET IN THE DESIGNATION OF NAMES AND NUMBERS; TOGETHER WITH SOME REMARKS ON THE NECESSITY OF RETAINING THE EXACT NOTATION OF HOLY-WRIT.

επι

As the Fav, or Cypher 5' appears to be placed in the Revelations of St. John, (chap. xiii. v. 18) with a Mark over it, x§s', such mark is clearly meant to denote that it is a numerical character, (for so the very word oor by derivation seems to imply, viz. in addition, and nua, a sign or mark,) and NOT the contraction of sigma and tau. I have before noted that the contraction can never have a Mark over it in the beginning or middle of words, Names, &c. Moreover, the contraction 5 (because of its locality in the Table of contractions, between and v,) is NOT an episèmon any more than the episèmon s' can be a