a Muscovite by nation) who had been with Mr. Decknatel, for some time, shewed us likewise all possible kindness. Remember them, O Lord, for good!

Monday 19, I was at one of the Societies, which lasted an hour and a half. About sixty persons were present. The singing was in Low-Dutch, (Mr. Decknatel having translated into Low-Dutch, part of the Hernhuth hymnbook) but the words were so very near the German, that any who understood the original, might understand the translation. The expounding was in High-Dutch. I was at another of the Societies on Tuesday, where were present about the same number. On Wednesday, one of our company found a sheep that had been lost; his sister, who had lived here for some time with one whom she loved too well, as he did her. But they were now both resolved, by the grace of God (which they accordingly executed without delay) "To pluck out the right eye, and cast it from them."

Thursday 22, We took boat at eight in the evening, and landing at four in the morning, walked on to Uutfass, which we left about two, having now another boy added to our number. A little before eight we came to Bourn, a small ill-built city, belonging to the Prince of Orange. Setting out early in the morning, we came to Nimwegen, the last town in Holland, about two in the afternoon: And leaving it at four, came before eight to an Inn, two hours short of Cleve.

Sunday 25, After spending an hour in singing and prayer, we walked till near noon, before we could meet with any refreshment. The road would have appeared exceeding pleasant, being broad and strait, with tall trees on either side, had not weariness and rain prevented. We hoped to reach Reinberg in the evening, but could not; being obliged to stop two hours short of it at a little house, where many good Lutherans were concluding the Lord'sday, as is usual among them, with fidling and dancing!

Monday 26, We breakfasted at Reinberg, left it at half an hour past ten, and at four came to Urding. Being much

tired, we rested here, so that it was near ten at night before we came to Neus. Having but a few hours walk from thence to Colen, we went thither easily, and came at five the next evening, into the ugliest, dirtiest city, I ever yet saw with my eyes.

Wednesday 28, We went to the Cathedral, which is mere heaps upon heaps; a huge, mishapen thing, which has no more of symmetry, than of neatness belonging to it. I was a little surprized to observe, that neither in this, nor in any other of the Romish Churches where I have been, is there, properly speaking, any such thing as joint worship: but one prays at one shrine or altar, and another at another, without any regard to, or communication with one another. As we came out of the church, a procession began on the other side of the church-yard. One of our company scrupling to pull off his hat, a zealous Catholic presently cried out, knock down the Lutheran dog. But we prevented any contest, by retiring into the Church.

Walking on the side of the Rhine in the afternoon, I saw to my great surprize, (for I have always thought before, no Romanist of any fashion believed any thing of the story,) a fresh painting, done last year at the public expence, on the outside of the city wall, in "Memory of the bringing in the heads of the three Kings (says the Latin inscription) through the gate adjoining :" Which indeed, in reverence, it seems, to them, has been stopped up ever since.

At four we took boat, when I could not but observe the decency of the Papists, above us who are called Reformed. As soon as ever we were seated, (and so every morning after) they all pulled off their hats, and each used by himself, a short prayer, for our prosperous journey. And this justice I must do to the very boatmen (who upon the Rhine are generally wicked even to a Proverb) I never heard one of them take the name of God in vain, or saw any one laugh, when any thing of religion was mentioned. So that I believe the glory of sporting with sacred things, is pecu liar to the English nation!

We were four nights on the water, by reason of the swiftness of the stream, up which the boat was drawn by horses. The high mountains on each side the river, rising almost perpendicular, and yet covered with vines to the very top, gave us many agreeable prospects: A religious house, or old castle, every now and then appearing on the brow of one of them. On Sunday evening, July 2, we came to Mentz; and Monday the 3d, at half an hour past ten, to Frankfort.

Faint and weary as we were, we could have no admittance here, having brought no passes with us, which indeed we never imagined would have been required, in a time of settled general peace. After waiting an hour at the gates, we procured a messenger, whom we sent to Mr. Bohler (Peter Border's father) who immediately came, procured us entrance into the city, and entertained us in the most friendly manner. We set out early in the morning on Tuesday the 4th, and about one came to Marienborn. But I was so ill, that after talking a little with Count Zinzendorf, I was forced to lie down the rest of the day.

The family at Marienborn consists of about ninety persons gathered out of many nations. They live for the present in a large house hired by the Count, which is capable of receiving a far greater number; but are building one, about three English miles off, on the top of a fruitful hill. O how pleasant a thing it is, for brethren to dwell together in unity!

Thursday 6, The Count carried me with him to the Count of Solmes, where I observed with pleasure the German frugality. Three of the young Countesses, though grown up, were drest in linen; the Count and his son in plain cloth. At dinner, the next day, a glass of wine and a glass of water were set by every one, and if either was emptied, a second. They all conversed freely and unaffectedly. At ten at night we took coach again, and in the morning reached Marienborn.

I lodged with one of the brethren at Eckershausen, an English mile from Marienborn, where I usually spent the

day, chiefly in conversing with those who could speak either Latin or English; not being able, for want of more practice, to speak German readily. And here I continually met with what I sought for, viz. Living proofs of the power of faith: Persons saved from inward as well as outward sin, by the love of God shed abroad in their hearts; and from all doubt and fear, by the abiding witness of the Holy Ghost given unto them.

Sunday 9, The Count preached in the old Castle at Runneberg, about three English miles from Marienborn, where is also a small company of those who seek the Lord Jesus in sincerity. Wednesday 12, was one of the conferences for strangers; where one of Frankfort proposing the question, Can a man be justified and not know it? The Count spoke largely upon it, to this effect:

1. Justification is, the forgiveness of sins.

2. The moment a man flies to Christ, he is justified. 3. And has peace with God, but not always joy : 4. Nor perhaps may he know he is justified, till long after.*

5. For the assurance of it, is distinct from justification itself.

* "In giving this statement, Mr. Wesley has not made any remark on this proposition. But, certainly, it ought not to stand in so unguarded a manner. We know, 1. If a man has been really justified, a very great change has taken place in the state of his mind, which will shew itself in his life and conversation. 2. A man must necessarily be conscious of what has passed within himself, whether the change was instantaneous or gradual. 3. If, therefore, a man do not know that he is justified, when he really is so, it is because he does not understand the true scriptural evidence of a state of justification. This has sometimes been the case; when a man truly convinced of sin, and trusting in Christ for salvation, has not had the happiness to sit under a Gospel minister; or when he has sat under a minister, who, though he preached the doctrines of the Gospel, did not rightly divide the word of truth, nor point out to his hearers the order to be observed in the gradations of Christian experience, evidently founded on Scripture, and the nature of the human faculties. Such a preacher will never give his hearers clear and distinct views of the evidences of their state, whatever that state be." Whitehead's Life of Wesley.

VOL. I.

6. But others may know he is justified by his power over sin, by his seriousness, his love of the brethren, and his hunger and thirst after righteousness, which alone proves the spiritual life to be begun.

7. To be justified is the same thing as to be born of God.*

8. When a man is awakened, he is begotten of God, and his fear and sorrow and sense of the wrath of God, are the pangs of the New Birth.

I then recollected what Peter Bohler had often said upon this head, which was to this effect:

1. When a man has living faith in Christ, then is he justified:

2. This is always given in a moment,

3. And in that moment he has peace with God;

4. Which he cannot have, without knowing that he has it:

5. And being born of God, he sinneth not:

6. Which deliverance from sin he cannot have, without knowing that he has it.

Saturday 15, Was the intercession day, when many strangers were present from different parts. On Monday 17, having stayed here ten days longer than I intended, my first design being only to rest one or two days, I proposed setting out for Hernhuth; but Mr. Ingham desiring me to stay a little longer, I stayed till Wednesday 19, when Mr. Hauptman, a native of Dresden, Mr. Brown, and I, set out together.

We breakfasted at Ghelenhausen, an old, unhandsome town, dined at Offenau, (where is a strange instance of moderation, a church used every Sunday, both by the Papists and the Lutherans alternately,) and notwithstanding some sharp showers of rain, in the evening reached Steinau. Thursday 20, we dined at Braunsal, and passing through Fulda, in the afternoon, where the Duke has a pleasant palace, travelled through a delightful country of hills and

* No: this is a mistake.