--

dexter side of the field is a crowned Tudor rose, and on the sinister, a crowned
fleur-de-lis. Legend, as on great seals. Reverse. A crowned shield of the
royal arms, supported by a dragon and greyhound.
dragon and greyhound. On a scroll in base :
.S. PRO. BREVIBVS. CORAM. IVSTICIARIIS. Legend, as on the great seals.

1399. ELIZABETH SEAL FOR EXCHEQUER OF PLEAS, 1559.

[Casts.] Obverse.-On a carpet, covered with a lozengy pattern of roses and fleurs-de-lis, the Queen enthroned beneath a circular canopy, with looped curtains. The field is diapered with a lattice, enclosing Tudor roses and fleurs-de-lis. In base are the initials E. R. Legend, as on the great seals. Reverse.-On a field, covered with a lattice, enclosing Tudor roses and fleurs-de-lis, a shield of the royal arms, surmounted by a crown, and supported by two stags, the dexter gorged with a collar, the sinister with a coronet, and both chained. Legend, with roses for stops: SIGILLVM. SCACARII. DOMINE. REGINE. ANNO. D'. M.D.LIX.

1400. THE LADY MARGARET (BEAUFORT), MOTHER OF HENRY VII.

[Cast.]

1. Large round seal with a shield of the arms of Beaufort, supported by two
antelopes guttées, behind each of which is an ostrich feather struck through a
scroll and with a chain along the quill. On the top of the shield stands an eagle
displayed and gorged with a coronet, holding in his beak a scroll encircling the
seal, inscribed:
SIGILLUM

[DOMINE : MARGARETE:] COMITISSE: RICHEMOUND': AC: FILIE :
EDE IOHIS :

DUCIS SOM'S

2. Large round seal bearing a shield, the arms of Beaufort, supported by two
antelopes, behind each of which is a small feather struck through a scroll. Upon
the shield rests a beautiful coronet of roses and fleur-de-lis, from which rises a
demi eagle with wings expanded and gorged with a coronet with pendent chain.
The eagle holds in his beak a scroll encircling the seal, inscribed:

S': DÑE: M'GARETE: CMTISSE: RICHEMŪDIE ↓ DERBI FILIEHER'↓ IOHĪS
DUC': SOM'SET: AC MATR' HĒR’VIJ REG' ANGL↓ FR'

1401. QUEEN Katherine of Aragon.

[Cast.]

A round seal with a large shield of England impaling Aragon suspended from a
royal crown. On either side is a characteristic knot. Legend.-
[KATHERINA. RE]GINA. ANGLIE. Z FRANCIE. Z. DNA. HIBER[NIE].

1402. QUEEN KATHERINE PARR.

Original but mutilated impression appended to a deed dated March 30th, 37 Henry VIII. (1546)

Device.—A shield (probably crowned) of the royal arms of England impaling the

queen's arms (with the augmentation quarter). Only the dexter supporter, a lion, remains. Legend.—

ARIN

1541.

1403. MARGARET PLANTAGENET, COUNTESS OF SALISBURY. Mother of Cardinal Pole Beheaded by Henry VIII. [Cast.] A round seal with an angel holding a large shield of arms: 1. France modern and England quarterly with a label of five points, each charged with a canton; 2. Neville; 3. Beauchamp; 4. Newburgh; 5. Montacute; 6. Monthermer; 7. Clare quartering Despencer. Legend.-S: MARGARETE COMITISSE SARVM.

1404. THOMAS CRANMER, ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY (1533-56).

Type 1. Altered from the seal of Archbishop Warham. Painted oval with
figure of the Holy Trinity between two archbishops, all under canopies. At the
top a niche with a figure of the Blessed Virgin and Child, flanked by two
angels. In base the Archbishop between two shields of arms. Legend:
[SIGILLUM : THOME]: CRANMER.:. DEI GRACIA: CANTUARIEN-ARCHIEPI.
Type 2. In centre, the martyrdom of St. Thomas of Canterbury, with small
figures at the sides in niches. Above, three niches with Our Lord in Majesty
between two kneeling saints. In base, a kneeling figure of the Archbishop
under an arch, between two shields. Legend: SIGILLV. THOME :. :

CRANMER :.: DEI :.: GRA. CANTUARIEN. ARCHIEPI.

Type 3. The same matrix, but with the Crucifixion instead of the martyrdom of
St. Thomas.

1405. REGINALD POLE, CARDINAL, AND ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY (1556-58). Large pointed oval with, in the upper half which has a diapered field, a figure of the Holy Trinity with Our Lady and Child in the clouds above, under a canopy. On each side in a niche is the figure of a patriarch. The lower half has a large shield of the Archbishop's arms, with a cross pattée over and a cardinal's hat; on either side are the arms of Christchurch, Canterbury, and the See of Canterbury. Legend: + SIGILL: REGINALDI. POLI. CARDINAL'. CAT . ARCHIEPI | TOIVS. ANGL'. PRIMATIS. ET. APLICE. SEDIS. LEGATI, NATI.

1406. MATTHEW PARKER, ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY (1552-75.)

[Cast.]

Pointed oval, with representation of the Doom. In base, a shield of the arms of
Parker. Legend:

+ SIGILLV. MATTHÆ. PARKER
CANTVARIEN. ARCHI. EPI.

1407. CUTHBERT TUNSTALL, Bishop of DURHAM (1530-32 and 1553-59.)

Pointed oval, with Our Lady and Child, between SS. Cuthbert and Oswald, under canopies. In base, a mitred shield of arms of Tunstall between two shields of the city and See of Durham. Legend:

SIGILLVM: CVTHBERTI :

DVNELMENSIS EPISCOPI.

1408. STEPHEN GARDINER, BISHOP OF WINCHESTER (1531-50 and 1553-55.)

Pointed oval, with St. Swithin between SS. Peter and Paul, with the Holy Trinity above. In base, a mitred shield of the See of Winchester, impaling Gardiner, within the Garter. Legend:

SIGILLVM STEPHANI PERMISSIONE] DIVINA [WINTON]EPI.

1409. JOHN SCORY, BISHOP OF ROCHESTER (1551-52.)

Pointed oval with the bishop preaching from a pulpit to a lot of people. In base a shield with a saltire impaling the words NON ASPERNOR GRA[TIA]M. Legend:

SIGILLVM IOHANNIS SCORY EPISCOPI ROFFENSIS. ANNO DNI.
ISSI.

1410. JOHN JEWELL, BISHOP OF SALISBURY (1560-1571.)

Pointed oval with figure of the Good Shepherd under a canopy. Background diapered with floral scrolls. In base a shield of the arms of Jewell. Legend:

SIGILLVM. IOHANNIS. IEWELL. EPISCOPI. SARISBVRIENSIS.

1414. THOMAS CROMWELL, Earl of Essex. Drawing by HOLBEIN.

Lent by The EARL OF PEMBROKE.

1415. THE BAdge of the PILGRIMAGE OF GRACE, embroidered in red velvet consisting of a chalice, a host, five wounds, a crown of thorns, and the sacred monogram ihr. These are within a shield below which are the letters I G (Itinerarium Gratia). This badge was made up into a burse and belonged to the domestic chapel of Kingerby Hall, North Lincolnshire.

The sudden and violent changes which Henry VIII. had brought about in the matter of Church government and the dissolution of the monasteries did not pass by without opposition from the populace. In many parts of the country this feeling showed itself in open rebellion. The most serious insurrection was that in the north, known as the Pilgrimage of Grace, in 1536—7. The first rising was in Lincolnshire, but was put down by the Duke of Suffolk without much difficulty. A subsequent insurrection in Yorkshire and the northern counties was much more serious and was joined by about 40,000 men. The insurgents were under the command of Robert Aske, a Yorkshire gentleman, and at

their head marched several priests in the habits of their order, bearing crosses and banners in which were worked a plough (to encourage the husbandmen), a chalice and host (in remembrance of the spoiling of the Church), and the five wounds of Christ (to signify that they were fighting for Christ's sake). The rebels succeeded in taking Hull and York, as well as Pomfret Castle into which the Archbishop of York and Lord D'Arcy had thrown themselves; both of whom with seeming reluctance surrendered, but afterwards joined the insurrection. The insurgents were at length dispersed partly by the negotiations of the Duke of Norfolk, and partly by the swelling of the River Don, which prevented their attacking the king's forces. Acting under Henry's special written orders, Norfolk executed martial law in the punishment of the offenders. Seventy-four persons, laity and clergy, were hanged in various towns in Westmoreland and Cumberland, and their leaders, including Aske, Lord D'Arcy, Sir John Bulmer, and Sir Francis Bigod were brought to London, tried, condemned, and executed, some at Tyburn, others at York and Hull. Lady Bulmer, who had sympathized with the insurgents, died the dreadful death awarded by the English to female treason and was burnt at the stake in Smithfield. Lent by T. J WILLSON, ESQ.

1416. PIECE OF EMBROIDERY FOR A COPE,

Lent by T. J. WILLSON, ESQ.