trong propenfities which are formed in good minds by the focial virtues, difpofe men to admire all appearances of them; and to be easily impofed on by pretenfions to extraordinary degrees of them. They are only perfons of mature judgments and underftandings who fteadily difbelieve fupernatural efforts, and fufpec all progidies, and all wonders. Sentimental friends are like friends in mafques, who pafs on each other for angels; but when time, ardour, and the irrefiftible defire of mutual intercourfe, bring on a difcovery, and pull off the covering, hardly any thing can equal the difappointment; they fly from each other with horrid deteftation, and nothing can exceed the rancour and malignity of thofe feparated, fentimental friends. Indeed, there is not a virtue of importance to fociety, that can long exist or remain uninjured, when affociated with vanity. Truth, both as a quality of the mind, and as a focial virtue, is the first obftacle it must remove. Juftice it can have no idea of, because it feeks its own gratification at all events, and behevolence is eradicated by felfishness.' We would gladly tranfcribe more from this masterly dif courfe but we have already proceeded to our utmost limits in the extracts which we have made from these volumes; and must conclude our remarks by obferving, that the moral leaturês contain many valuable obfervations; and that however we difapprove of his theological principles, we cannot help acknowledging the elegance and fpirit of the Writer. B.K ART. II. Archaeologia: or, Mifcellaneous Tracts relating to Antiquity. Published by the Society of Antiquaries of London. Vol. V. 11. 1s. Boards. White, &c. TH 1779. HIS learned body hath already favoured the world with feveral curious and entertaining publications. The prefent volume confifts of forty-four numbers; fome account of which we fhall lay before our readers, according to our ufual method. The book now before us opens with, Obfervations on the Hiftory of St. George, the Patron Saint of England. The anniverfary of this reputed faint, is the day appointed by ftatute for electing the officers of this refpectable fociety; it seemed, therefore, very pertinent, that a differtation fhould be exhibited on the fubject; efpecially, as fome evil-minded perfons had advanced pofitions tending to the annihilation of this faint. Mr. Pegge, well known in this line of erudition, generously stands up in defence of St. George, in oppofition to Dr. Pettingal, and the late Mr. Byrom. Dr. Pettingal, about the year 1760, wrote a Differtation on the original of the Equeftrian Figure on the George, &c. in which he concludes, that there are no fufficient grounds to believe there ever was [and was there ever fuch fuch an infidel as Dr. P.?] fuch a perfon as St. George; and he farther labours to prove, that the infignia of our moit noble English Order, the George and Garter, are to be refolved into an emblematical, or rather a telefmatical apparatus. Mr. Pegge acknowledges the ingenuity and erudition with which this is attempted, but he endeavours to flew that there is fufficient evidence to induce a belief both of the reality of the perfonal exiftence of St. George, and of his martyrdom, which is all that he contends for; as to the ftory about the Dragon, &c. it may go, for what he cares, to the old Dragon himself. Mr. Byrom*, the other infidel adverfary, for whose memory Mr. Pegge expreffes the higheft regard, has delivered, as usual, his fentiments on the fubject, in a metrical garb. He infinuates, that the inftitution of the Moft Noble Order of the Garter was at firft founded in error and miftake, and that, fince that time, we have all been involved in a misnomer. He apprehends, that the names of Gregory and George have been confounded, that Pope Gregory the Great, who fent Auguftine, the monk, to convert the Anglo-Saxons, was received as their patron, as the Irish have St. Patrick, the Scotch St. Andrew, &c. but that, in a course of years, the name was corrupted into George. Mr. Pegge appears to have fufficiently confuted this hypothefis; he acknowledges, that St. George is only to be regarded as a military faint; and he imagines, that the English, during the time of their crufades in the Eaft, heard much of his fame, and brought accounts of him to England, where he was at length felected by our King Edward the Third, as the patron of the Noble Order. On the whole, Mr. Pegge aflumes, that whether St. George be a real or an imaginary faint, he, and not St. Gregory, was undoubtedly understood at the time of the inftitution, as likewife ever fince, to be the patron of the Order of the Garter. In the firft number of the fourth volume of this work, Mr. Strange attacked an opinion which had prevailed, that few traces of Roman antiquities are to be met with in the principality of Wales. Having before examined Brecknockshire t he now proceeds to give an account of fome remains of Roman and other antiquities in Monmouthfhire, which, though not ftrialy in Wales, adjoins to the former county. His differtation is long, but ingenious and learned, though rather dry and uninterefting to the generality of readers, who will be wearied in attending to etymologies and conjectures concerning ancient places; but the true antiquary views these things with a differ For an account of Byrom's Mifcellanies, Vide Review for Qa. 1773, P. 24. + Vide Review for Oct. 1777, p. 260. ent A Roman ftation at Caerwent, together with remnants of walls, roads, buildings, causeways, &c. have much employed this gentleman's attention. Among other discoveries, he informs us of a Roman Mofaic pavement within the walls of the camp at Caerwent; it is in a kind of cellar, or outhouse, in the middle of an orchard belonging to Mrs. Ann Williams. A print is given of the remains of this pavement, engraved from an original drawing, by Mr. Hay of Brecknock. Mr. Strange was affured, by a friend, that he remembered the figures of a lion, a tyger, and a ftag, all which are now deftroyed, though part of the figures of a vafe and a bird are ftill to be feen, The defign of this pavement appears to have been very regular and elegant; and no defign, as Mr. Strange observes, can exceed that of the fcalloped border, the like to which he does not recollect to have seen in any other work of the kind. From Caerwent he proceeds to Caerleon, where he meets with several objects to engage his attention, and among the reft, a hollow circular spot, known at Caerleon by the name of Arthur's Round Table, which is generally fuppofed to be a Roman work, and to have ferved by way of amphitheatre; this occafions fome pertinent remarks. The greatest Roman curiofity, lately found at Caerleon, is a triangular hooped gold ring, with an intaglio fet in it, reprefenting the ftory of Hercules strangling the Nemean lion: it is in the poffeffion of Mr. Thomas Norman, of that town. Mr. Strange clofes the article with an account of some other remains of antiquity; three grave-stones, of which prints are given, that feem to have been laid upwards of four or five hundred years ago: one of them in the church of Chriftchurch, is remarkable for a custom which parents have of expofing their fick children on it, on the eve of Afcenfion-Day. In the third volume of this work, Mr. Daines Barrington gave an account of the remains of the Cornish language*, to which he now makes fome additions, written in 1776, at which time, he informs us, Dolly Pentraeth, then ninety years of age, was ftill living; but we apprehend the is fince dead: however, as a proof that the Cornish language is not entirely loft with her, a letter is produced, dated Moufehole, July 3, 1776, written by one William Bodener, a fisherman, both in English and Cornifh. This man is fixty-five years of age, and fpeaks the language very readily. He has been at fea with five other men in a boat, and has not heard, he fays, a word of English among them for a week together; and he adds, that there are four or five other perfons, ftill living, in the village of Moufehole, who can converfe in Cor • Vid. Rev, for Dec. 1775. P. 497. nith. The article contains fome other information on the fubject. The Rev. John Watfon, M. A. of Stockport, prefents the Society with an account of fome hitherto undefcribed remains of antiquity. The first is called Burton Caftle, in the parish of Mottram Longdendale, Cheshire, the relics of which are on the fummit of a high hill, and from them, it appears not to have been merely a temporary but a fixed ftation, the refidence of fome very confiderable perfon, especially as a workman, a few years ago, digging at the foot of the hill, turned up a quantity of afhes, and found under them a gold chain with eighteen large beads on it, having a locket quartered crossways by four fceptres, the whole weighing near two ounces, Troy weight: this might be a Danish military work. The next is a large faxon fortification, called Mowflow Castle, on the top of a very high hill, in the parish of Gloffop, Derbyfhire. To this is added, an account of a piece of fortified ground, near the village of Bradfield, Yorkshire, supposed to have been a station of the Danes: its name Bailey Hill, which is, it is faid, an ancient word for a fort. Of this, and Button, mentioned above, prints are exhibited. Some other curiofities, which appear to be British remains, in and about BradfieldCommon, are alfo here defcribed. Mr. Weft, author of the Antiquities of Furness, relates the discovery of a Roman burying-place, on finking the cellars for a large house, at the upper part of Church-ftreet, in Lancaster, in 1776. About fix feet below the furface of the street, were found two fragments of thick walls, five yards diftant from each other; within which were a great quantity of burnt wood, bones, and afhes, broken pateræ, urns, Roman brick, gutter-tiles, coins, horns of animals, an earthen fepulchral lamp entire, &c. and at a farther distance, were also found a fmall brazen head like a dog's, the pedestal and feet of a small image, pieces of glafs of a blueish-green colour, &c. One bottom of a patera had ftamped on it Cadgatema, perhaps, Mr. Weft fays, the maker's name. These veffels are of a fine brown colour, far fuperior, we are told, to the Staffordshire brown ware, elegantly varnished or glazed; fome plain, others emboffed with different forts of figures, animals, and birds. The infcriptions on the coins are none of them perfect, except a brafs one, of Marcus Aurelius, and a fmall one of filver,-a fine impreffion, and in high prefervation, of Fauftina, his wife. Governor Pownal's remarks on the boundary ftone of Croyland Abbey, we had thought not only ingenious but folid, Vid. Review for Nov., 1775, P. 415• and and were difpofed with him to conclude, that the names of the other four monks had been broken off, and that the word AIQ (which was before regarded as the Latin verb, fignifying, I fay) was the name of the fifth monk concerned in erecting the monument: but Mr. Pegge, who, at firft, appears to have been highly pleafed with the Governor's obfervations, finds fome objections against the hypothefis, and we think they have great weight. He obferves, that the monks did not erect the itone, but Turketulus, the Abbot, as is exprefly afferted by the hiftorian; that the infcription is a Leonine, or rhyming verfe, and fhould the word AIO be detached from the rest, and made to depend on a former part of the legend now broken off, the verfe will be abfolutely fpoiled. Farther, that according to the Governor's figure of the ftone, as running taper to the top, in the nature of a small obelisk, there could not be room for the other four names. Laftly, and principally, that the stone has been lately vifited by John Lloyd, Efq; who made a fac fimile of it, by which it appears, that it is complete, having never been longer than it is at prefent, and in fact a parallelogram. From Stukeley's reprefentation, which the Governor feems to have followed, a portion of it might reasonably be imagined to have been broken off; but now, fays Mr. Pegge, we can be fure there never were any more letters on it, than thofe which at prefent appear. He acknowledges it to be a fingular and extraordinary incident (as indeed it seems to be), that there fhould have been a monk belonging to the abbey, and mentioned by Ingulphus, of the name of AIO, and the Governor's conjecture on this ground was doubtlefs acute and ingenious; but for the reafons above, he concludes, that antiquaries have rightly interpreted the infcription, and we have no reason to defert them. An engraving is added, of the stone, from Mr. Lloyd's draught. It appears to have ftood upwards of 800 years. The infcription is only this. Aio hanc petram Guthlacus habet fibi metam. Mr. Lort's obfervations on Celts, will hardly admit of any particular account from us. His immediate fubject is a brafs inftrument lately found, by digging in the ruins of Gleafton caftle, in Lancashire. It is about 9 inches long, and half an inch thick in the middle; one end, formed like our common hatchet, with a fharp edge, is five inches broad; from this end it tapers on both fides, gradually, to the other end, which is not above one inch and a half broad, and is formed alfo with a sharp edge. It is for the most part finely polifhed, and covered with a beautiful patina, except where it has been injured by ruft; and weighs two pounds five ounces. It may come under the denomination of those inftruments called Celts, which have been found in great numbers in different parts of this ifland; but they, |