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punctuation is corrected where the editor deemed correction necessary.

The new Latin ver

sion, which is printed with the Greek text, is very close and in his scholia or notes Professor Carpzov has vindicated his rendering of particular passages, or discussed various readings of importance; and has also illustrated the peculiar idioms occurring in these epistles, especially those of St. John.

SAINT JAMES, AND 1 AND 2 PETER.

205. Annotatio ad Epistolam Jacobi perpetua, cum brevi Tractatione Isagogicâ. Scripsit Matthæus SCHRECKENBURGER. Stuttgardiæ, 1832. 8vo. 206. Commentarius in Epistolam Jacobi. Conscripsit Car. Godofr. Guil. THEILE. Lipsiæ, 1833. 8vo.

207. A Practical Commentary, or an Exposition with Notes on the Epistle of James. By Thomas MANTON. London, 1653. 4to.

208. Sam. Frid. Nathan. MORI Prælectiones in Jacobi et Petri Epistolas. Edidit C. A. Donat. Lipsia, 1794. 8vo.

209. Integrity and Authenticity of the Second Epistle of Peter. By Dr. Herman OLSHAUSEN, Professor of Theology in the University of Königsberg. Translated from the Latin by B. B. EDWARDS. In the eighth volume of the Biblical Repository, published at Andover [Massachussetts], 1836. Svo. 210. A Commentary on the First Epistle of Peter, by Robert LEIghton, D.D. Archbishop of Glasgow. 2 vols. 8vo. Various editions, also in one volume, 8vo.

This admirable commentary, which fills the first two volumes of Archbishop Leighton's works, is wholly practical, and has long been admired for its piety. Dr. Doddridge, in his paraphrase on this Epistle, has acknowledged himself deeply indebted to Archbishop Leighton for many important hints.

211. Exposition of the Epistle of Peter, considered in Reference to the whole System of Divine Truth. Translated from the German of Wilhelm STEIGER by the Rev. Patrick FAIRBAIRN. Edinburgh, 1836. 2 vols. 12mo. Also as vols. XIV. and XV. of the Edinburgh Biblical Cabinet.

212. Huberti Philippi de KANTER Commentatio in locum 1 Petri V. 1–4. Lugduni Batavorum, 1823. 4to.

213. In secundam S. Petri Apostoli Epistolam Commentarius. Auctore Thoma SMITH, S. T. P. In pp. 177-372. of his Miscellanea. Londini, 1690. 8vo.

214. A Dissertation on 2 Pet. i. 16-21. in which the Force of the Apostle's reasoning is shown, and the Connection of the whole passage is explained. By William PRIMATT. London, 1751. 8vo.

215. A Dissertation upon the controverted Passages in St. Peter and St. Jude concerning the Angels that sinned, and who kept not their first Estate. By Samuel HENLEY. London, 1778. 8vo.

1, 2, AND 3 JOHN.

216. Epistolæ tres Catholicæ S. Joannis Græce, notis illustratæ a Leonhardo Christophoro RUHLIO. Amstelodami, 1739. 12mo.

217. Sam. Frid. Nath. MORI Prælectiones Exegetica in tres Johannis Epistolas, cum novâ earundem paraphrasi Latina. Curâ C. A. Hempel. Lipsiæ, 1797. 8vo.

This work contains a free Latin version of Saint John's three Epistles, as it was dictated by the celebrated Professor Morus in his Divinity Lectures, together with his observations on it, and two critical Excursus, one of which relates to the disputed passage in 1 John, v. 7, 8.

218. A Commentary upon the First, Second, and Third Epistles of Saint John. By Thomas HAWKINS. London, 1808. 8vo.

219. Joh. Jac. RAMBONNET, Specimen Academicum de Secunda Epistola Johannea. Trajecti ad Rhenum, 1819. 8vo.

220. Versio Latina Epistolarum et Libri Visorum Joannis Novi Testamenti, perpetua adnotatione illustrata a M. Godofr. Sigismund. IASPIS. Editio altera, novis curis emendata et aucta. Lipsiæ, 1821. 8vo.

221. A Commentary on the Epistles of St. John by Dr. Fredrich LÜCKE. 'Translated from the German, with additional notes, by Thorleif Gudmundson REPP. Edinburgh, 1837. 12mo. Also as vol. XV. of the Edinburgh Biblical Cabinet.

JUDE.

223. An Exposition of the Epistle of Jude. By William JENKYN. London, 1652-54. 2 vols. 4to.

224. A Practical Commentary, or an Exposition with Notes, on the Epistle of Jude. By Thomas MANTON, B.D. London, 1658. 4to.

225. Hermanni WITSII Commentarius in Epistolam Judæ. Lug. Bat.

1703. 4to.

A learned, elegant, and perspicuous illustration of the Epistle of Jude.

226. Epistola Juda, Græce, commentario critico et annotatione perpetua illustrata, a Henr. Carl. Alex. HAENLEIN. Erlangæ, 1799. 8vo.

227. Collectanea, sive Notæ Criticæ et Commentarius in Epistolam Judæ. Accedunt de fonte Doctrinæ, et Dictionis Judæ genere et colore, Dissertationes duæ. Auctore M. T. LAURMANN. Groningæ, 1818. 8vo.

228. A JESSIEN, de Avoεvтεia Epistolæ Judæ Commentatio Critica. Lipsiæ, 1820. 8vo.

This learned essay consists of five chapters, which treat severally on 1. The Character and Profession of the Apostle Jude; 2. The doubts raised against the authenticity of the epistle which bears his name; 3. Proofs of its authenticity; 4. A comparison of it with the second epistle of Peter. 5. The last chapter contains testimonies of the Fathers of the Church and other Ecclesiastical Writers to the authenticity of the epistle of Jude.

THE APOCALYPSE, OR REVELATION OF SAINT JOHN.

229. Apocalypsis Johanni Apostolo vindicata. Scripsit Ernestus Guilielmus KOLTHOFF. Hafniæ, 1834. 8vo.

230. In the second tome or part of Mr. Hugh BROUGHTON'S Works, (pp. 408-522.) there is an exposition or interpretation of the Revelation of Saint John, intitled "A Revelation of the Holy Apocalypse." The learned writer expounds it chiefly of the corruptions of the Church of Rome.

231. Clavis Apocalyptica ex innatis et insitis Visionum Characteribus eruta, et demonstrata à Josepho MEDE.- Ejusdem Commentarius in Apocalypsin, et Appendix ad Clavem Apocalypticam.

These excellent treatises "of the pious and profoundly learned" Joseph Mede (as he is justly styled in the title-page to the collective edition of his works) were originally published in 4to., but now form, together with some other disquisitions on prophecy, the second volume of the folio edition of his works. Mede is universally allowed to have led the way to a correct and rational interpretation of the Apocalypse. The examination of his Clavis occupies the chief part of Bishop Hurd's tenth sermon on the study of the prophecies; and that eminent prelate, after adverting to the numerous and abortive attempts to explain this mysterious book, which were made soon after the Reformation, has the following striking remark concerning Mede: -"The issue of much elaborate inquiry was, that the book itself was disgraced by the fruitless efforts of its commentators, and on the point of being given up as utterly impenetrable, when a sublime genius arose in the beginning of the last century, and surprised the learned world with that great desideratum—a key to the Revelations. (Works, vol. v. p. 270.) The tenth of Bishop Hurd's sermons on the prophecies discusses, after Mede, the interpretation of the Apocalypse.

232. Clavis Apocalyptica, or the Key to the Apocalypse, educed and demonstrated from the natural and internal Characters of the Visions; for the use of those to whom God hath imparted the love and desire of search

ing into, and understanding that wonderful Prophecy. By Joseph MEDE, B.D. Translated by a Clergyman of the Established Church. London,

1831. 12mo.

233. A Translation of Mede's Clavis Apocalyptica. By R. Bransby COOPER, Esq. London, 1833. 8vo.

233.* A Commentary on the Revelation of St. John. By R. Bransby COOPER, Esq. London, 1833. 8vo.

"The first of these publications will be a very acceptable present to the English student of the Bible; as, in having Mede's views set before him, he will certainly have those of the soundest writer on prophecy unfulfilled. The second work is also valuable, as the commentary is nearly founded upon Mede's views, and Mr. Cooper points out where he has gone beyond them." (British Magazine, June, 1833, p. 692.)

234. Anacrisis Apocalypseos Joannis Apostoli, quâ in veras interpretandæ ejus hypotheses diligenter inquiritur, et ex iisdem interpretatio facta, certis historiarum monumentis confirmatur et illustratur, tum quoque quæ Meldensis Præsul Bossuetus hujus libri commentario supposuit, et exegetico Protestantium systemati in visis de Bestia ac Babylone Mystica objecit, sedulo examinantur. Auctore Campegio VITRINGA. Amstelædami, 1719,

4to.

235. A Perpetual Commentary on the Revelation of Saint John, with a Preliminary Discourse concerning the Principles upon which the said Revelation is to be understood. By Charles DAUBUZ, M.A. New modelled, abridged, and rendered plain to the meanest capacity, by Peter Lancaster, A.M. London, 1730. 4to.

The best edition of an elaborate and very useful work, of which later writers have not failed to avail themselves. Daubuz's work was first printed in folio, 1720.

236. The Scripture Preservative against Popery; being a Paraphrase with Notes on the Revelation of St. John. By Thomas PYLE, M.A. London, 1735. 8vo. 1795. 2d edition.

This volume completes the Paraphrase on the New Testament, after the manner of Dr. Clarke. Mr. Pyle's Paraphrase on the Acts and Epistles is noticed in p. 307. No. 2. suprà. 237. A Paraphrase and Notes on the Revelation of Saint John. By Moses LOWMAN. 2d edit. London, 1745. 4to. London, 1807. 8vo. 4th

edition.

Bishop Tomline includes this work in his list of books for clergymen and biblical students. Dr. Doddridge has said of it, that he has received more satisfaction from it, with respect to many difficulties" in the book of Revelation, than he "ever found elsewhere, or expected to have found at all." (Works, vol. ii. Leeds edit. p. 37.) He has given an abstract of Mr. Lowman's scheme of interpretation in his 229th lecture. (Works, vol. v. pp. 410-414.) Lowman's scheme of the seven scals is also approved by the late Rev. David Simpson, in his "Key to the Prophecies," (p. 582.) as more consistent with history than that of Bishop Newton, printed in the second volume of his dissertations on the prophecies.

238. BENGELIUS's Introduction to his Exposition of the Apocalypse; with his preface, and the greatest part of the conclusion of it; and also his marginal Notes on the text, which are a summary of the whole exposition. Translated from the high Dutch, by John ROBERTSON, M.D. London, 1757. 8vo.

See an account of this work in the Monthly Review, O.S. vol. xviii. pp. 25-28. The substance of Bengel's expository writings on the Apocalypse is given in the Rev. John Wesley's notes, mentioned in p. 257. No. 13. suprà.

239. The Revelations translated, and explained throughout, with keys, illustrations, notes, and comments; a copious introduction, argument and conclusion. By W. COOKE, Greek Professor at Cambridge, &c. 1789. 8vo.

"A writer who can discover" (as Mr. Cooke has done) "the Jewish church in the Iliad, and Christianity in the Odyssey, may certainly find whatever he pleases in the Book of Revelation; but it is not equally certain that he is qualified to detect the fallacies of Joseph Mede, and to prove him mistaken, false, and erroneous. Though the author professes to

'have lighted the taper of God's truth from the kindled incense of prayers,' and though he may expect that it will flame like a fire-brand, fling and bounce, and run, singeing and scorching wherever it touches,' we have been so unfortunate as not to receive from this flaming taper a single ray to guide us through this region of darkness." (Monthly Review, N. S. vol. iii. p. 148.)

240. Commentarius in Apocalypsin Joannis. Scripsit Jo. Gothofr. EICHHORN. Gottinga, 1791. 2 vols. small 8vo.

The hypothesis of the celebrated Professor Eichhorn is, that the Revelation of Saint John is a prophetic drama, the true subject of which is the spiritual victory of Christianity over Judaism and Paganism. As this Commentary on the Apocalypse is not of very frequent occurrence in this country, the following abstract of his scheme may be not unacceptable to the reader. He divides the Apocalypse into four parts, viz. 1. The Title;-2. The Prologue itself;-3. The Drama itself;-and 4. The Epilogue.

1. The Title. (i. 1–3.)

2. The Prologue (i. 4.-iii. 22.), in which it is stated that the argument of the drama belongs to the Christians; Epistles to the churches being added, which in the symbolic style of the poem are represented by the number seven.

3. The Drama itself (iv. 1.-xxii. 5.) which consists of a prelude and three acts!!! In the Prelude (iv. 1.-viii. 5.), the scenery is prepared and adorned.

ACT I. Jerusalem is taken, i. e. Judaism is conquered by the Christian Religion. (vii. 6. xii. 17.)

ACT II. Rome is captured; i. e. Paganism is subdued by the Christian Religion. (xi. 18.-xx. 10.)

ACT III. The New Jerusalem descends from heaven; or the happiness of the life to come, which is to endure for ever, is described. (xx. 11.-xxii. 5.)

4. The Epilogue, (xxii. 6-21.)

a. Of the Angel, (xxii. 6.)

b. Of Jesus Christ, (xxii. 7-16.)

c. Of Saint John, who denounces a curse against those who shall add to or diminish the predictions contained in this book (xxii. 16-20), and concludes with an apostolical benediction, (21.)

The hypothesis of Eichhorn (we understand) was attacked and refuted by M. Lange, in his German translation of the Apocalypse.

241. A Commentary on the Revelations. By Bryce JOHNSTONE, D.D. Edinburgh, 1794. 2 vols. 8vo.

This work we have not had an opportunity of seeing: it is stated by Dr. E. Williams to be "well calculated for general use, being written with great perspicuity, and in a popular practical strain." (Christian Preacher, Appendix, p. 437.)

242. Reflections sur l'Apocalypse. Par E. GIBERT, Minister de la Chapelle Royale, et Recteur de St. André dans l'Isle de Guernsey. Guernsey, 1796. 8vo.

Plain, pious, and practical. The learned author has chiefly followed the exposition given by Bishop Newton in the second volume of his Dissertations on the Prophecies.

243. Practical Observations on the Revelation of Saint John, written in the year 1775. By the late Mrs. BOWDLER. 2d edit. Bath, 1800. 12mo.

This work is expressly designed for those who have not leisure or inclination to examine the prophetical meaning of the apocalypse. "Many such readers will doubtless be found; and whoever takes up the book with a serious mind, will be edified by the good sense, piety, and modesty of the writer." (British Critic, O.S. vol. xvi. p. 561.)

244. A Commentary on the Revelation of Saint John, accompanied with Historical Testimony of its accomplishment to the present day. By the Rev. E. W. WHITTAKER. London, 1802. 8vo.

The present work is an enlarged edition of a small work on the prophecies, originally printed in 1795. The author has the peculiar merit of compelling the historian Gibbon to. give testimony, in almost every instance that falls within the limits of his chronology, to the fulfilment of the prophecies." The points insisted on by Mr. Whittaker, "he has succinctly handled, and reasoned upon each in such a manner as to render his work, if not decisive upon the subject, yet too important not to become a book of reference and authority to future commentators." (British Critic, vol. xxiii. O. S. Pref. p. iv. and p. 252.)

245. Brief Commentaries upon such parts of the Revelation and other

Prophecies as immediately refer to the present times. By Joseph GALLOWAY, Esq. London, 1802. 8vo.

246. The Apocalypse, or Revelation of Saint John, translated, with Notes critical and explanatory. To which is prefixed a Dissertation on the divine origin of the book, in answer to the objections of the late Professor Michaelis; with a biographical chart of writers in the early Christian church who appear to have afforded evidence in favour of the Apocalypse. By John Chappel WOODHOUSE, D.D. London, 1806. royal 8vo.

"This," said the late Bishop Hurd, "is the best book of the kind I have seen. It owes its superiority to two things, the author's understanding, for the most part, the apocalyptic symbols in a spiritual, not a literal sense: secondly, to the care he has taken to fix the precise import of those symbols, from the use made of them by the old prophetical and other writers of the Old and New Testament. Still many difficulties remain and will remain to the time of the end." (Manuscript note of the late Bishop Hurd, on a blank leaf of a presentation copy of this work, in the library of Hartlebury. See Gentleman's Magazine, vol. lxxviii. part ii. p. 702.) After such commendation, any further observation is unnecessary. The text of the Apocalypse is handsomely printed in three columns, containing the Greek text of Griesbach's second edition of the New Testament, Dr. W.'s own translation from it, and the authorised version, from which he never departs but when the sense requires it. The reader who is desirous of seeing analyses of this most excellent work, may consult the British Critic, O.S. vol. xxix. pp. 190-200.; and the Eclectic Review, O.S. vol. ii. part ii. pp. 214-222.

247. Annotations on the Apocalypse, intended as a sequel to those of Mr. Elsley, on the Gospels, and Mr. Slade on the Epistles. For the Use of Students in Prophetical Scripture. By John Chappel WOODHOUSE, D.D. Dean of Lichfield. London, 1828. 8vo.

The commendations bestowed by the late Bishop Hurd upon Dr. Woodhouse's larger publication (just noticed) are equally applicable to his present work, in which piety and philology are happily united. The notes are partly abridged from his former translation of the Apocalypse, and are partly new: the Greek Text of the original, and the improved version of Dr. W., are here omitted; and the text of St. John, according to the authorised English version, is divided into parts and sections, with a view to a more complete arrangement and illustration of this prophetic book, the genuineness and divine inspiration of which are most satisfactorily vindicated from the objections of the late learned Professor, Sir J. D. Michaelis, in apreliminary disquisition. Although Dr. Woodhouse offers his volume "as a sequel" to the compilations of Messrs. Elsley and Slade (noticed in pp. 309. No. 10. and 317, 318. No. 96. supra) it may be most advantageously consulted and studied as a distinct work; being sufficiently critical for the use of the scholar, at the same time that its perspicuity renders it highly valuable to ordinary readers.

248. The Prophetical Character and Inspiration of the Apocalypse considered. By George PEARSON, B.D. Cambridge and London, 1835. 8vo.

In this work the author "has presented to the public a view of the subject-matter of the Apocalypse founded chiefly on the principles of Dean Woodhouse and Vitringa. Mr. Pearson has prefixed a chapter on the authenticity of the Apocalypse; and, after going through the book, adds two chapters on its prophetical character and inspiration. . . . . They who can adopt the principles of Vitringa and Woodhouse, will find Mr. Pearson's a very useful Volume." (British Magazine, Feb. 1836. vol. ix. p. 184.)

249. England Safe and Triumphant: or Researches into the Apocalyptic Little Book, and Prophecies, connected and synchronical. By the Rev. Francis THRUSTON, M.A. Coventry and London, 1812. 2 vols. 8vo.

"Among many interpretations of the Divine Book of the Revelation, here is one which expressly views in it the permanency of the church of England, and its prevalence over all other denominations of the Christian world! Much as we are inclined to believe that there is a strong foundation of truth in what this author urges, in conformity with other sound interpreters, or built on their positions, we cannot but think in many places, particularly towards the latter end of his work, he is rather too rapid in forming his deductions and conclusions; in some of which we confess ourselves unable to follow him." (British Critic, O.S. vol. xxxiii. pp. 593. 595.)

250. A Dissertation on the Dragon, Beast, and False Prophet of the Apocalypse; in which the number 666 is satisfactorily explained: and also

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