72. Sam. Frid. Nathan. MORI Versio et Explicatio Actuum Apostolicorum. Edidit, animadversiones recentiorum suasque adjecit, Gottlob Immanuel Dindorf. Lipsiæ, 1794. 2 vols. 8vo.

73. ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΩΝ ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΩΝ. Acta Apostolorum. Variorum Notis tum Dictionem tum Materiam illustrantibus suas adjecit Hastings ROBINSON, M.A. Cantabrigiæ, 1824. 8vo.

This beautifully executed edition of the Acts of the Apostles contains the text of Griesbach, from which the editor has very rarely deviated; and beneath it are placed critical and philological Scholia. "This edition is well calculated to illustrate the peculiar expressions and grammatical construction of the Acts of the Apostles, and the author” [editor] “ has judiciously added to his own remarks those of the best critics and theologians. Within a small compass much is contained.... We should imagine it well adapted to the purposes of collegelectures and of public schools, as intended by the writer;-and it is a book which the more advanced critic may add with advantage to his library." (Universal Review, vol. ii. p. 173.)

74. Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Acts of the Apostles. By Albert BARNES. New York, 1836. 12mo.

75. A. G. HOFFMANN, Commentatio in Orationem Petri in Actis Apostolorum c. II. v. 44. Jenæ, 1834. 4to.

76. D. Paulus Apostolus in Mari, quod nunc Venetus Sinus dicitur, Naufragus, et Melita Dalmatensis Insulæ post naufragium Hospes; sive de Genuino Significatu duorum Locorum in Actibus Apostolicis, cap. XXVII. 27. cap. XXVIII. 1. Inspectiones Anticriticæ. Auctore Ignatio GEORGIO. Venetiis, 1730. 4to.

The author of this learned treatise supports the notion, which was afterwards maintained by Mr. Bryant, that the island on which St. Paul was wrecked was not Malta, but Melita in the Adriatic Sea, on the coast of Dalmatia.

77. M. C. G. KUCHLER de anno, quo Paulus Apostolus ad Sacra Christiana conversus est, Commentatio. Lipsiæ, 1828. 8vo.

78. Arnoldi Gulielmi HASELAAR Dissertatio Exegetica de nonnullis Actuum Apostolorum et Epistolarum Paulinarum ad historiam Pauli pertinentibus locis. Lugduni Batavorum, 1806. 8vo.

79. Specimen Academicum Inaugurale de Oratione Pauli Apostoli Athenis habita, quod ...... publico examini submittit Janus Adolphus ANSPACH. Lugduni Batavorum, 1829. 4to.

COMMENTATORS ON THE WHOLE OR GREATER PART OF THE EPISTLES.1

80. Joachimi LANGII Commentatio Historico-Hermeneutica de Vita et Epistolis apostoli Pauli, ita adornata, ut isagogen generalem et specialem historico-exegeticam præbeat in Acta Apostolorum et Pauli Epistolas, necnon in ipsam Hermeneuticam Sacram. Halæ, 1718. 4to.

A most valuable work, which is not of common occurrence: both Walchius and Michaelis concur in stating that it throws great light on St. Paul's Epistles, of which it presents very copious analyses. The Appendix contains similar analyses of the epistles of Peter, James, and Jude; and also numerous aphorisms on the Interpretation of Scripture, and particularly of the phraseology of St. Paul's epistles. The latter were corrected, enlarged, and reprinted at Halle in 1733, in a separate volume, the title of which is given at length in p. 226. No. 25. supra.

1 Though not a commentary, in the strict sense of the term, the author cannot pass in silence BISHOP BURGESS's Initia Paulina, sive Introductio ad Lectionem Pauli Epistolarum. Londini, 1804. 12mo. This little volume contains, 1. Pauli Epistolam ad Philippenses Græce et Anglice, cum brevibus notis Kuttneri; 2. Theophylacti Proœmia Epistolarum ; 3. Ejusdem Interpretationem Epistolæ ad Philippenses; 4. Rosenmülleri Scholia ad eandem. Quibus præeunt Kuttneri Observata de Idiomatibus Novi Testamenti. Though not specified in the title-page, there are added two valuable extracts from Henry Stephens's and our learned countryman Gataker's Dissertationes de Stylo Novi Testamenti; "thus collecting some of the most valuable illustrations of the style of St. Paul's Epistles that can be offered to the attention of the student." (British Critic, O. S. vol. xxv. p. 413.) This valuable work is at present out of print, and extremely scarce and dear.

81. Jo. Francisci BUDDEI Ecclesia Apostolica, sive de Statu Ecclesiæ Christianæ sub Apostolis Commentatio Historico-Dogmatica; quæ et introductionis loco in Epistolas Pauli cæterorumque apostolorum esse queat. 8vo. Jenæ, 1729.

Buddeus has briefly treated on the state of the Christian Church during the Apostolic age with great judgment, and has referred to a great variety of useful writers.

82. De Paulo Apostolo ejusque Adversariis Commentatio. Scripsit Dr. E. C. SCHARLING. Hauniæ, 1836. 8vo.

83. Doctrina Pauli apostoli de Vi Mortis Christi satisfactoriâ. Scripsit L. F. C. TISCHENDORF. Lipsiæ, 1837. 8vo.

84. Gulielmi ESTII in omnes Pauli et aliorum Apostolorum Epistolas Commentarius. Paris, 1679. folio.

The best edition of a most valuable work, which Romanists and Protestants alike concur to recommend as an excellent critical help to the exposition of the apostolic Epistles. The Prefaces of Estius are particularly valuable. A very useful Abridgment of this work, as well as of the Commentary of Cornelius à Lapide, so far as concerns St. Paul's Epistles, was published by John Van Gorcum, at Antwerp, in 1620. 8vo. The best edition is that of Louvain, intitled- Epitome commentariorum Gulielmi Esti S. Th. Doctoris, et Corn, à Lapide, e Soc. Jesu Theologi, in omnes D. Pauli Epistolas, per Johannem à GORCUM, Presbyterum, collecta. Editio nova, D. Pauli textu et G. Estü Præfationibus aucta. Lovanii,

1754. 8vo.

85. Explication des Epîtres de Saint Paul. Par Bernardin de PICQUIGNY. Paris, 1706. 3 tomes, 12mo. 1714. 4 tomes, 8vo. Troyes, 1826. 4 tomes, 12mo.

This is an abridgment of a larger work, by the same author, intituled Epistolarum Pauli Apostoli Triplex Expositio. Parisiis, 1703. folio. The exposition consists of three parts, viz. An analysis, exhibiting the order and connection of the text; 2. A paraphrase, expressing in a few words the sentiment of the Apostle; and, 3. A commentary, with notes on obscure or difficult passages. (Walchii Bibliotheca Theologica, vol. iv. p. 678.) To each epistle is prefixed a prefatory account of its occasion, scope, and argument; and each chapter concludes with devotional and practical inferences. The reprint at Troyes, in 1826, is very neatly executed.

86. A New Literal Translation, from the Original Greek, of all the Apostolical Epistles; with a Commentary and Notes philological, critical, explanatory, and practical. To which is added, a History of the Life of the Apostle Paul. By James MACKNIGHT, D.D. Edinburgh, 1795. 4to. 4 vols. London, 1806. 8vo. with the Greek Text, 6 vols. 2d Edition, with the Life of the Author. Without the Greek Text, in 3 vols. 4to. and 4 vols. 8vo. Also in one volume royal 8vo.

This work, together with the harmony noticed in p. 133. of this volume, is in Bishop Tomline's list of books for clergymen. A specimen of it, containing the Epistles to the Thessalonians, was published in 4to. in 1787; and the work itself, we are informed in Dr. M.'s Life (vol. i. 8vo. p. xv.), was the unremitting labour of nearly thirty years, during which period seldom less than eleven hours a day were employed on it. "We apprehend that few persons who shall peruse this work with competent judgment and due respect for the sacred writings, will hesitate to acknowledge that Dr. M. is also entitled to approbation and applause, as a faithful translator, a learned and able commentator, and a pious divine." (Monthly Review, N. S. vol. xviii. p. 411.) "It is a work of theological labour not often paralleled, and an ample storehouse of observations to exercise not only the student, but the adept of divinity. If we do not always implicitly coincide with the author in opinion (which, in such various matter, cannot reasonably be expected), we can always praise his diligence, his learning, and his piety; qualities which confer no trifling rank on any scriptural interpreter or commentator." (British Critic, O. S. vol. vii. Preface, p. ii.)

87. A Paraphrase and Annotations upon all Saint Paul's Epistles. Done by several eminent men at Oxford. Corrected and improved by the late Right Rev. and learned Dr. FELL, Bishop of Oxford. London, 1703. 3d Edition, 8vo.

"Fell on the Epistles is very short; but most of his notes are worthy of remark. The collection of parallel Scriptures is judicious, and the translation in some places altered for the better." (Dr. Doddridge.)

88. A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of Saint Paul to the Gala

tians, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Romans, Ephesians. To which is prefixed, An Essay for the understanding of Saint Paul's Epistles, by consulting Saint Paul himself. By JOHN LOCKE. London, 1783. 4to. (Works, vol. iii.): also various editions in 4to. and 8vo.

89. A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of Saint Paul to the Colossians, Philippians, and Hebrews, after the manner of Mr. Locke. To which are annexed, several Critical Dissertations on particular Parts of Scripture, &c. &c. By the late reverend and learned Mr. James PIERCE, of Exon. London, 1773. second edition, 4to.

90. A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistle of Saint Paul to the Thessalonians, Timothy, Philemon, and Titus; and the Seven Catholic Epistles by James, Peter, Jude, and John, &c. &c. By George BENSON, D.D. London, 1752, 1756, best editions, 2 vols. 4to.

"Locke, Pierce, and Benson make up a complete commentary on the Epistles; and are indeed all in the number of the most ingenious commentators I have ever read. They plainly thought very closely, and attended much to connection, which they have often set in a most clear view. But they all err in too great a fondness for new interpretations, and in supposing the design of the apostles less general than it seems to have been. It must be allowed that Benson illustrates the spirit of Paul sometimes in an admirable manner, even beyond any former writer. See especially his Epistle to Philemon." (Dr. Doddridge.)

91. A Practical Paraphrase on the Epistles of Saint Paul to the Romans, Galatians, and the Epistle to the Hebrews, after the manner of Dr. Clarke's Paraphrase on the Four Evangelists. London, 1744. 8vo.

92. The Epistles of Paul the Apostle translated, with an Exposition and Notes. By the Rev. Thomas BELSHAM. London, 1822. 2 vols. 4to. also in 4 vols. 8vo.

Mr. Belsham is one of the reputed editors of the "Improved Version of the New Testament, noticed in No. 39. p. 304. suprà. This exposition of St. Paul's Epistles (which is noticed here only that the author may not be charged with designedly omitting it) is executed on the same principles. Able critiques on it may be seen in the Eclectic Review for May and June, 1823, in the fourth volume of the New Edinburgh Review, in the thirteenth volume of the Quarterly Review (in reply to which Mr. Belsham published "A Vindication," in 1825), and, lastly, in the twenty-second volume of the British Review. Some very acute and learned observations, exposing Mr. Belsham's erroneous interpretations, will be found in the Christian Remembrancer for the year 1827.

93. Gottlob Christiani STORR, Interpretatio Epistolarum Pauli ad Philippenses, ad Colossenses, et ad Philemonem, ac etiam in Epistolam Jacobi. Tubingæ, 1796-97. 8vo.

These valuable philological commentaries on the above-mentioned Epistles are inserted in the first and second volumes of Dr. Storr's Opuscula Academica ad Interpretationem Librorum Sacrorum pertinentia, 8vo. Tubingæ, 1796, 1797. Vol. ii. of the same collection also contains some valuable historical notices, which materially contribute to elucidate Saint Paul's Epistles to the Corinthians. We are further indebted to the same learned author for a similar philological commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians, in vol. ii. of Velthusen's and Kuinöel's collection of Commentationes Theologica.

94. Versio Latina Epistolarum Novi Testamenti, perpetua Annotatione illustrata a Godofr. Sigism. IASPIS. Lipsiæ, vol. i. 1793. vol. ii. 1797. 8vo. A new edition of this work, very materially enlarged and corrected, was published at Leipsic, in 1821.

95. Commentarius Perpetuus in decem Apostoli Pauli quas vulgo dicunt Epistolas Minores. Edidit Joannes Fridericus WEINGART. Gothæ, 1816.

8vo.

A useful and unpretending little volume, expressly designed for those who may not have the means of procuring larger and more expensive commentaries. The author professes to have selected his materials from the best commentators, both antient and modern, with whose annotations he has interwoven his own remarks. He acknowledges his obligations to the previous labours of Koppe and Rosenmüller: and references are introduced to those authors who have particularly illustrated texts of more than ordinary difficulty.

96. Annotations on the Epistles, being a continuation of Mr. Elsley's

Annotations on the Gospels and Acts, and principally designed for the use of Candidates for Holy Orders. By the Rev. James SLADE, M.A. London, 1816. 2 vols. 8vo.

97. A Paraphrastic Translation of the Apostolic Epistles, with Notes. By Philip Nicholas SHUTTLEWORTH, D.D. Öxford and London, 1829. 8vo. Third Edition, revised, 1834. 8vo.

This admirably executed work is offered by its learned author expressly for the use of inexperienced biblical students and of general readers. He states his design to be to "give breadth and prominence to those minute but necessary links of reasoning, which are often so cursorily glanced at by the writers, as to escape the observation of persons not in the habit of pursuing an elaborate argument through its finest details; to fill up those lacunæ of inference, the implied purport of which, though necessarily suggested by the context to the experienced dialectician, does not always present itself to others less exercised in this species of elliptical composition; and to supply that fluency of context, by which even the languid and desultory reader, when indisposed to the labour of intense thought, may be enabled to take a comprehensive view of the whole chain of the argument and of the object of the writer." Pref. pp. xvii. xviii. The divisions of chapter and verse are very properly thrown into the margin; and numerous notes are inserted, illustrating the scope and bearing of the apostle's reasoning; which exhibit, in a comparatively small compass the substance of much learned and laborious research.

98. A free and explanatory Version of the Epistles. By the Rev. Edward BARLEE. London, 1837. 8vo.

99. H. A. SCHOTT et J. F. WINZER Commentarii in Libros Epistolicos Novi Testamenti. Vol. I. Epistolas ad Galatas et Thessalonicenses continens, Lipsiæ, 1834. 8vo.

This work is executed upon the same plan as Kuinoel's Commentary on the historical books of the New Testament, which is noticed in No. 7. p. 308. The Greek text is inserted in the commentary. Vol. I., which is all that has hitherto appeared, contains the commentary on the epistles to the Galatians and Thessalonians, which is written by Dr. Schott.

100. A Harmony of the Epistles of the Holy Apostles, to which is added, a Summary of the Entire. By the Rev. Peter ROBERTS, M.A. Cambridge, 1800. 4to.

Though not a commentary in the strictest sense of the word, this work affords so valuable a help towards ascertaining the doctrinal agreement of the Epistles, that it deserves special notice in this place.

101. Essays on some of the Difficulties in the Writings of St. Paul. By Richard WHATELY, D.D. [afterwards Archbishop of Dublin.] London,

1828. 8vo.

102. Apostolical Preaching considered in an examination of St. Paul's Epistles. By John Bird SUMNER, M.A. [now D.D. and Bishop of Chester.] London, 1815. 8vo. and numerous subsequent editions.

103. The Life of Paul the Apostle, with Critical and Practical Remarks on his Discourses and Writings. By Stephen ADDINGTON, D.D. London, 1784. 8vo.

104. General Observations on the Writings of St. Paul. D.D. Buckingham, 1811. 8vo.

By John HEY,

This volume was not printed for sale: it contains many pleasing remarks on the style and writings of the Apostle Paul.

ROMANS.

105. Jo. Jac. RAMBACHII Introductio Historico-Theologica in Epistolam Pauli ad Romanos. Adjecta est Martini Lutheri aurea præfatio, variis observationibus exegeticis atque apologeticis illustrata. Halæ, 1727. 8vo. Though not a commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, this introduction may very advantageously be substituted for one. Professor Tholuck has justly characterised it as being "written with a thorough knowledge of the subject." (Introd. to his Exposition of the Epistle to the Romans, Vol. i. p. 34. Edinburgh, 1833.) Not a single point is omitted

that can throw any light on the author, time and place of writing, the external and internal state of the Christian church at Rome, the scope and style and the canonical authority of this admirable Epistle. The preface of Luther truly deserves the epithet of golden: it illustrates the peculiar phraseology of the apostle, and his arguments of the chapters are singularly perspicuous. In our analysis, &c. of Saint Paul's Epistle to the Romans, we have been largely indebted to Rambach's publication.

106. Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. By John CALVIN. To which is prefixed his Life by Theodore Beza. Translated by Francis Sibson, A.B. London, 1834. small 8vo.

107 A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistle to the Romans, to which is prefixed, a Key to the Apostolic Writings, or an Essay to explain the Gospel Scheme and the principal Words and Phrases the Apostles have used in describing it. By John TAYLOR, D.D. Second and best edition, 1747. 4to. The first edition of this celebrated and learned work appeared in 1745; two others were printed in the years 1754 and 1769. Archbp. Magee pronounces the system developed in this key, to be "nothing more than an artificial accommodation of Scripture phrases to notions utterly repugnant to Christian doctrine." Dr. Taylor's scheme (which was Arian) is examined by Archbp. Magee in the first volume of his Discourses on the Atonement, pp. 181-188. 199-201. 322-333. Dr. Taylor's work contains however several valuable philological illustrations of the Epistle to the Romans, of which we have availed ourselves in the course of this Introduction.

108. Clavis Apostolica: or a Key to the Apostolic Writings; being an Attempt to explain the Scheme of the Gospel and the principal Words and Phrases used by the Apostles in describing it. By the Rev. Joseph MENDHAM, A.M. London, 1821. 12mo.

This small volume is a republication of a series of papers which originally appeared in the sixth volume of the Christian Observer, in opposition to the principles of Dr. Taylor's Key to the Epistle to the Romans, and which the late Archbp. Magee justly pronounced to be "a series of valuable letters." (On the Atonement, vol. ii. p. 344.)" Mr. Mendham's work is well entitled to our approbation, not less for the temperate and judicious manner in which it is written, than for the importance of the subject to which its discussions relate." (Eclectic Review, N. S. vol. xxi. p. 527.)

109. A Paraphrase, with Critical Annotations, on the Epistles of Saint Paul to the Romans and Galatians. By Timothy EDWARDS, A.M. London, 1752, 4to.

We notice this work, which is judiciously compiled from the best previous commentaries on these two Epistles, because it is occasionally to be purchased at a cheap rate. "The author appears to us to have been a person of learning, judgment, and candour, and well acquainted with the sacred writings. He endeavours, in the first place, to give his readers a distinct view of the whole Epistle, to discover the true occasion of the apostle's writing it, the main subject of it, the principal branches of which it consists, and the subdivision of them into their proper sections, paragraphs, and periods; and then to clear up the connection of these several particulars, the seeming perplexity of the arguments, and the hidden force of the reasonings, in order to set forth the true meaning and coherence of the whole discourse in a clear light." (Monthly Review, O. S. vol. vii. p. 412.)

110. Jacobi WELLERI Anotationes in Epistolam Pauli ad Romanos, Brunswick, 1754. 4to.

111. Jo. Sal. SEMLERI Paraphrasis Epistolæ ad Romanos, cum Notis, translatione vetusta, et dissertatione de duplici Appendice hujus Epistolæ, in cap. xv. xvi. Halæ, 1769. small 8vo.

Semler also published similar paraphrases on the following Epistles: viz. 1 & 2 Corinthians, Halæ, 1770, 1776; Galatians, ibid. 1779; James, ibid. 1781; 1 Peter, ibid. 1783; 2 Peter and Jude, ibid. 1784; Revelation, Neustadt, 1785, and 1 John, to which is added by Professor Noesselt a Disquisition, entitled Narratio de Semlero ejusque meritis in interpretatione S. S. 8vo. Riga, 1792. Semler totally rejects those doctrines concerning original sin, &c. which are received as orthodox by the Protestant churches. His works are all scarce and dear in this country, so that the student will not sustain any loss who may not be able to procure them.

112. A Paraphrase on the Eleven First Chapters of Saint Paul's Epistle to the Romans. By the Rev. Thomas ADAM. London, 1771. 8vo.