Christ may be divided. The second part discusses the interpretation of parables; and each treatise contains many ingenious remarks peculiar to itself.

3. De Parabolis Jesu Christi Indole Poeticâ Commentatio. Auctore A. H. A. SCHULTZE. Gottingæ, 1827. 4to.

4. De Parabolarum Naturâ, Interpretatione, Usu. Juvenibus potissimum Theologica cultoribus aperuit Augustus Fridericus UNGER. Lipsiæ, 1828. 8vo.

5. Martini DELRII Adagialia Veteris ac Novi Testamenti. Lugduni, 1614-18. 2 tomis 4to.

6. Joannis DRUSII Adagia Hebraica. Apud Crit. Sacr. tom. viii. folio. 7. Andreæ SCHOTTI Adagialia Sacra Novi Testamenti Græco-Latina, selecta atque exposita. Antverpiæ, 1629. 4to.

8. Joannis VORSTII Diatribe de Adagiis Novi Testamenti. In Crenii Opusculorum Fasciculo III. Roterodami. 18mo. Also in Fischer's second edition of Leusden, de Dialectis Nov. Test. pp. 168—252.

9. The Wells of Salvation opened; or, a Treatise discovering the Nature, Preciousness, and Usefulness of Gospel Promises, and Rules for the Application of them. By William SPURSTOWE. London, 1655. 8vo. Reprinted at London, 1814. 12mo.

10. Gospel Mysteries Revealed: or an Exposition of all the Parables and many express Similitudes, contained in the four Evangelists. By Benjamin KEACH. London, 1701. folio. 1815, 4 vols. 8vo.

Many of the Parables are spiritualised almost to absurdity. The work, however, contains good materials, which persons of sober judgment may employ to advantage.

§ 4. TREATISES ON THE INTERPRETATION OF SCRIPTURE PROPHECIES. 1. A Dictionary of the Writers on the Prophecies, with the Titles and occasional descriptions of their works. Also an Appendix containing Lists of Commentators, Annotators, &c. on the Holy Scriptures. London, 1835.

8vo.

2. The Use and Intent of Prophecy, in the several Ages of the World. To which are added four Dissertations. 1. The Authority of the Second Epistle of Peter; 2. The Sense of the Antients before Christ, upon the Circumstances and Consequences of the Fall; 3. The Blessing of Judah, Gen. xlix.; 4. Christ's Entry into Jerusalem. By Thomas SHERLOCK, D.D. Bishop of London. Fourth edition. London, 1744. 8vo.

3. Campegii VITRINGE Typus Doctrinæ Propheticæ. Franeckeræ, 1708. 8vo.

4. Aug. Herm. FRANCKII Introductio ad Lectionem Prophetarum, I. Generalis, II. Specialis ad Lectionem Jonæ, quæ in reliquis exemplo esse possit: Utrâque directâ ad comparandam è prophetis agnitionem Jesu Christi. Halæ, 1724. 8vo.

5. Christiani Augusti CRUSII Hypomnemata ad Theologiam Propheticam. Lipsia, 1764-71-78. 3 parts. 8vo.

A work very little known in this country. The first part or volume comprises a general introduction to the study of Prophecy: the other two volumes contain illustrations of the principal predictions in the Old Testament, from the Book of Genesis to the Prophecies of Isaiah, inclusive. A copy of this work is in the library of the University of Cambridge.

6. Hermanni VENEMA Prælectiones de Methodo Propheticâ, seu de Argumento Prophetiarum Veteris et Novi Testamenti ac utriusque periodis. Quibus accedunt Sermones Academici quatuor. Leovardiæ, 1775. 4to.

7. The Divine Origin of Prophecy illustrated and defended, in a Course

of Eight Sermons, preached before the University of Oxford, at the Lecture founded by the Rev. John Bampton, M.A. By George RICHARDS, [D.D.] Oxford, 1800. 8vo.

8. A Key to the Language of Prophecy, with References to Texts of the Old and New Testaments. By the Rev. William JONES, M.A. In Vol. XI. of his Theological, Philosophical, and Miscellaneous Works.

9. The Fulfilling of the Scriptures. By Robert FLEMING. London, 1726. folio.

10. Dissertations on the Prophecies which have been remarkably fulfilled, and at this Time are fulfilling in the World. By Thomas NEWTON, D.D. Bishop of Bristol. London, 1759 or 1766, 3 vols. 8vo. Various subsequent editions in 2 vols. 8vo. and 12mo.; also in one volume, 8vo.

11. History the Interpreter of Prophecy. By the Rev. Henry KETT, B.D. Oxford, 1799, 3 vols. 12mo. and various subsequent editions in 2 vols. 8vo.

12. A Key to the Prophecies: or, a Concise View of the Predictions contained in the Old and New Testaments. By the Rev. David SIMPSON, M.A. Macclesfield, 1795; and numerous subsequent editions.

A valuable compendium of the fulfilment of prophecy, worthy the attention of students who may not be able to procure larger or more expensive works on this subject.

13. Lectures on Scripture Prophecy. By William Bengo COLLYER, D.D. London, 1811. 8vo.

14. A Manual of Prophecy; or, a Short Comparative View of Prophecies contained in the Holy Scriptures, and the events by which they were fulfilled. In which are introduced several new Observations on several of them, and particularly on difficult Passages in Isaiah and Daniel. By the Rev. Peter ROBERTS, A.M. London, 1818.

15. A Dissertation on the Prophecies that have been fiulfilled, are now fulfilling, or will hereafter be fulfilled, relative to the great Period of 1260 Years; the Papal and Mohammedan Apostacies; the Reign of Antichrist; and the Restoration of the Jews. By George Stanley FABER, B.D. Fifth Edition. London, 1814-18. 3 vols. 8vo.

16. The Sacred Calendar of Prophecy. By George Stanley FABER, B.D. London, 1830. 3 vols. 8vo.

This work, (the learned author has announced) is designed to supersede entirely the preceding treatise. Mr. Faber has endeavoured to combine together the various prophecies both of the Old and New Testament, which treat of the grand double period of seven times; a period coinciding with those times of the Gentiles, which are styled, by Mr. Mede "the Sacred Calendar of Prophecy." In the present more extensive work, the author has rectified various errors in his preceding publications on prophecy. For an analysis of it, see the British Critic for April, 1833. vol. vii. pp. 328-343.

17. Evidence of the Truth of the Christian Religion, derived from the literal Fulfilment of Prophecy; particularly as illustrated by the History of the Jews, and by the Discoveries of recent Travellers. By the Rev. Alexander KEITH, D.D. Sixth edition, enlarged. Edinburgh, 1832. 12mo. Also a handsome edition in 8vo.

The design of this treatise is to give a general and concise sketch of such of the prophecies as have been distinctly foretold and clearly fulfilled, and as may be deemed sufficient to illustrate the truth of Christianity. Very many illustrations are derived from the discoveries of recent voyagers and travellers. The subjects discussed are, Prophecies concerning Jesus Christ and the Christian Religion, the Destruction of Jerusalem, the Jews, -the land of Judæa and the circumjacent countries, and predictions relative to the Macedonian, Tyrian, Egyptian, and Roman Empires, the subversion of the Jewish State, &c.,- longcontinued spiritual tyranny of the papacy, and the Turkish empire. This beautifully printed volume contains a large mass of valuable information, condensed into a comparatively small compass, and at a moderate price. The multiplied editions, which have been required within

a very few years, sufficiently attest the high estimation in which Mr. Keith's work is deservedly held.

18. The Signs of the Times, as denoted by the Fulfilment of Historical Predictions, traced down from the Babylonish Captivity to the present Time. By Alexander KEITH, D.D. Edinburgh, 1832. 2 vols. 12mo., and various subsequent editions.

The portions of prophecy illustrated in this work are, Daniel's Visions of the great Images and of the Four Beasts, interpreted kingdoms, and of the Ram and He-Goat, and his literal prophecy of the things noted in the Scripture of Truth. These are followed by an original exposition of the prophecies contained in the Apocalypse. In many parts of his work, Dr. Keith has with great felicity applied the history of the infidel Gibbon to the fulfilment of prophecy. "Among the expounders of prophecy, we are inclined to assign Mr. [Dr.] Keith a high place. It is perfectly true that in some of his views we are unable to go along with him, and dissent from some of his conclusions. But it is refreshing to meet with a writer, who treats such a subject in a cautious and reverent manner. There is no presumptuous attempting to penetrate into what is hidden, no rash anticipation of future history, no arrogant assumption of the prophetic character, and no impious denunciation of vengeance on those who acquiesce not in his views, or deny his divine mission. He writes every where in the very best spirit, and if he does not always command our convictions, he uniformly secures our respect." (Edinburgh Christian Instructor, Sept. 1832. p. 638.) 19. The Scheme and Completion of Prophecy, wherein its Design and Use, together with its Sense and Application as the grand fundamental Proof of Religion, specially adapted to all Periods of the World, and all Stages of the Church, are considered and explained; together with an Inquiry into the Shekinah and Cherubim in the Holy of Holies, and the Visions of the Prophets. By the Rev. John WHITLEY, D.D. London, 1830. 8vo.

20. Elements of Prophetical Interpretation. By J. W. BROOKs, M.A. London, 1837. 12mo.

21. A Practical Guide to the Prophecies, with reference to their Interpretation and Fulfilment, and to personal Edification. By the Rev. Edward BICKERSTETH. London, 1837. 12mo.

22. Principles of interpreting the Prophecies briefly illustrated: with notes. By Henry JONES. Andover [Massachussetts] and New York.

1837. 12mo.

23. The Testimony of History to the Divine Inspiration of the Holy Scriptures or a Comparison between the Prophecies and their Fulfilment in twelve Lectures. By the Rev. W. J. BUTLER, M.A. London, 1838. 12mo.

24. Les Caractères du Messie vérifiés en Jesus de Nazareth. [Par M. CLEMENCE.] Rouen, 1776. 2 tomes 8vo.

"The author determines the characteristical marks of the Messiah with precision and accuracy; points out in consequence of these characters (which are drawn from the clearest predictions) the prophecies that, taken in a literal sense, regard the Messiah; and, by a comparison of these prophecies with the events, sets the divine mission of Christ in the most striking light. There is a great deal of good erudition and sound judgment in this work," (Monthly Review, O. S. vol. lvi. p. 218.) which is now both scarce and dear.

25. Prophéties concernant Jesus Christ et l'Eglise, éparses dans les Livres. Saints, avec des Explications et Notes. [Par M. le Président AGIER.] Paris, 1819. 8vo.

A concise and valuable little manual of Scripture Prophecies relative to Jesus Christ.

Warburtonian Lectures on Prophecy.

These Lectures were founded by Dr. William Warburton, Bishop of Gloucester, (each course consisting of twelve Sermons, to be preached in Lincoln's Inn chapel,) for the purpose of proving "the truth of Revealed Religion in general, and of the Christian in particular, from the completion of the Prophecies of the Old and New Testament, which relate to the Christian

Church, and especially to the apostacy of Papal Rome." The following portions of these Lectures are all that have been published.

Besides illustrating the completion of the prophecies, in conformity with the founder's design, most of the lecturers have treated, in a greater or less degree, upon the Symbolical Language of Scripture Prophecy.

1. An Introduction to the Study of the Prophecies concerning the Christian Church, and in particular concerning the Church of Papal Rome. By Richard HURD, D.D. [afterwards Bishop of Worcester.] London, 1772. 8vo.

This elegantly written and learned volume has long been known and duly appreciated by the public. The subject of Prophecy is here opened in the most masterly and instructive manner by Bishop Hurd; who "discussed, in the first place, the true idea of prophecy, and the general argument deducible from it; then specified some prophecies of primary importance, and more particularly those which relate to the rise of Antichrist. In relation to this subject, he combated the prejudices most generally entertained against the doctrine; he considered and explained the prophetic style; and after opening the style and method of the Apocalypse, and the prophetic characters of Antichrist, he concluded by pointing out distinctly the uses of the whole inquiry." (British Critic, O. S. vol. xxvii. pp. 652, 653.)

2. Twelve Sermons on the Prophecies concerning the Christian Church; and, in particular, concerning the Church of Papal Rome. By Samuel HALLIFAX, D.D. [afterwards Bishop of Gloucester.] London, 1776. 8vo.

66

Bishop Hallifax paid his primary attention to the Prophecies of Daniel, and next to those of Saint Paul concerning the man of sin; and he concluded by establishing the canon and authority of the Apocalypse, and by giving a clear and able view of its visions. His two concluding discourses contain a history of the corruptions of Popery, and a just and luminous vindication of the Reformation." (British Critic, O. S. vol. xxvii. p. 653.)

3. Twelve Discourses on the Prophecies, concerning the first Establishment and subsequent History of Christianity. By Lewis BAGOT, LL.D. [afterwards Bishop of Norwich.] London, 1780. 8vo.

"Bishop Bagot opened his Lectures by preliminary observations on the nature and value of the evidence drawn from prophecies; including some pointed remarks on Lord Monboddo and Mr. Gibbon. The subjects of his subsequent discourses were, the promise of a second dispensation under the first; the progressive nature of the kingdom of God; the distinctive character of the Messiah, and the nature of his kingdom; the time limited by the prophets, and the proofs of its fulfilment; the conformity of the life of Christ and of his kingdom to the predictions; the prophecies concerning the latter times; and the general recapitulation of the whole subject.' (British Critic, vol. xxvii. p. 653.)

4. Discourses on Prophecy. By East APTHORP, D.D. London, 1786. 2 vols. 8vo.

"Dr. Apthorp began by giving the history of Prophecy. He then carefully laid down the canons of interpretation: after which he proceeded to the prophecies relating to the birth, time, and theological character of the Messiah. The prophecies of the death of Christ are next distinctly handled, and those which relate to his earthly kingdom. Finally, be traces the characters of Antichrist, gives a view of the mystic Tyre, and concludes by the prophecies which he considers as announcing the Reformation. Though some of this author's applications will to most readers appear harsh, and some questionable, yet his books display altogether much knowledge of the subject, much learning, and no small share of ingenuity." (British Critic, O. S. vol. xxvii. p. 653.)

5. A Connected and Chronological View of the Prophecies relating to the Christian Church. By Robert NARES, A.M. Archdeacon of Stafford. London, 1805. 8vo.

These Lectures are divided into two parts, viz. I. The Prophecies which relate to our Saviour as the Author and perpetual Head of the Christian Church; and, II. Those which foretell the fate of his disciples, whether adverse or prosperous, from the time of his departure from them to that of his last most solemn advent.

6. Twelve Lectures on the subject of the Prophecies relating to the Christian Church. By Edward PEARSON, D.D. London, 1811. 8vo.

The design of Prophecy, the progress of Christianity as predicted in the Scriptures, the state of the Christian Church as supposed to be predicted in the apostolic epistles, - the corruptions of the Christian faith as predicted by Daniel, and the various fortunes of the

Christian Church, from her first foundation to the end of the world, as foretold in the Apocalypse, -are the subjects discussed in these lectures: a copious analysis of which is given in the British Critic, O. S. vol. xl. pp. 238–248. 467–479.

7. Twelve Lectures on the Prophecies relating to the Christian Church, and especially to the Apostasy of Papal Rome. By Philip ALLWOOD, B.D. London, 1815. 2 vols. 8vo.

The first six of these Lectures discuss the predictions relative to Jesus Christ; and the remaining Lectures are devoted to an exposition of the Apocalypse, particularly with reference to the apostasy of the Romish Church. See an analysis of them in the British Critic, N. S. vol. ix. pp. 45-65.

8. Discourses on Prophecy, in which are considered its Structure, Use, and Inspiration being the Substance of Twelve Sermons preached by John DAVISON, B.D.

London, 1824. 8vo.

The first of these Discourses is employed in treating of the Christian Evidences in general, and the connexion of Prophecy with the rest; and the second, in considering the contents of the prophetic volume as distinguished from its predictions. The four next discuss the structure of prophecy and the cause of its dispensation and in the six last, its inspiration and divine prescience are examined. "The subject of the work is one of very general importance, and which will excite an interest with every reader of Scripture. More espe cially must value attach to every part of the inquiry, from the admirable practical tendency, which is every where given to it; so that, while the student is carried forward by the interest of critical research, and his understanding enlightened by the wide and clear views opened to him, his piety will not fail to be warmed, his faith strengthened, and his best affections exalted and improved." (British Critic, N. S. vol. xxii. p. 389.)

9. The Chronological Prophecies, as constituting a connected System, in which the principal events of the Divine Dispensations are determined by the precise revelation of their dates. Demonstrated in a Series of Lectures. By Frederick NOLAN, LL.D. London, 1837. 8vo.

Besides the preceding valuable Lectures, the subject of Prophecy is discussed at considerable length in the great Collection of the Boyle Lectures, published in 1739, in 3 vols. folio.

SECTION II.

JEWISH WRITERS AND COMMENTATORS, AND ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SCRIPTURES DERIVED FROM JEWISH SOURCES.

§ 1. JEWISH WRITERS AND COMMENTATORS.

1. PHILONIS JUDÆI, quæ reperiri potuerunt, omnia.. Textum cum MSS. contulit; quamplurima e codd. Vaticano, Mediceo, et Bodleiano, scriptoribus item vetustis, necnon catenis Græcis ineditis, adjecit; interpretationemque emendavit; universa notis et observationibus illustravit Thomas MANGEY, S.T.P. Canonicus Dunelmensis. Londini, 1742. 2 tomis folio.

This is a noble edition, equally creditable to the editor, the Rev. Dr. Mangey, and to the printer, the celebrated William Bowyer. Dr. M. revised the works of Philo, which he collated with thirteen manuscripts, and corrected the Latin version of them, which had been made by Sigismond Gelenius, Morelli, and others. The different treatises are arranged in a much better order than that which appears in preceding editions, and many obscure and difficult passages are excellently corrected and illustrated.

2. PHILONIS JUDÆI Opera omnia, Græcè et Latinè, ad editionem Th. Mangey, collatis aliquot MSS. Edenda curavit Aug. Frider. Pfeiffer. 8vo. Vols. I.-V. Erlangæ, 1785-1792.

The text of Dr. Mangey is adopted in this valuable edition, which has never been completed, in consequence of the death of the learned editor, whose critical materials for the sixth and concluding volume are reported to be still preserved. Pfeiffer collated three Bavarian manuscripts, and retained only such of Mangey's notes as contain either some new information, or some emendation of the text; to which he added observations of his own, chiefly settling the various lections.