THE LIVES

OF

THE POPES.

PART I.

ABLI

FROM THE RISE OF THE ROMAN CHURCH TO

THE AGE OF GREGORY VII.

110. d. 266.

CONTENTS.

PAGE

HAPTER I.-Origin of the title of pope-First bishops of Rome LINUS-

CLEMENT Their simplicity and piety-How long these qualities were

preserved-Comparative unimportance of the Roman bishops-Ignatius of

Antioch-Polycarp of Smyrna-ANICETUS-The martyrs and confessors-

FABIANUS-CORNELIUS-LUCIUS

CHAPTER II-Excessive homage paid to bishops-They become a priest-

hood-Growth of the Roman church-Arrogance of VICTOR I. and of

STEPHEN 1.-Temptations to the Roman bishops-Wealth of the church-

Benefits of persecution-Paul of Samosata-Constantine the Great-

Results of his reign-Toleration-Patronage-SYLVESTER, the first patri-

arch of Rome-Injury to the spirituality of the church

HAPTER III.-Pre-eminence of the Roman bishops-Signs of corruption

-They seek to enlarge their powers-MARK-JULIUS-Arian controversy

-Occasional admissions of the supremacy of Rome-LIBERIUS-Contest

with Felix-DAMASUS and Ursicinus.

HAPTER IV.-SIRICIUS enjoins celibacy-Restricts baptism to certain

days-Introduction of several abuses-Monachism-Anthony the hermit-

Pachomius the monk-Priestly assumptions of the clergy-Sanctioned by

Chrysostom and others-Illustrated in Martin of Tours-Respect paid to

saints and their relics-Decline of paganism-ANASTASIUS-Alaric and

the Goths-Degeneracy and immorality of the Romans-Sack of Rome-

INNOCENT 1.-The Goths professors of Christianity-Innocent's authority

over foreign churches

5

14

26

34

47

55

64

HAPTER V.-ZOSIMUS-Pelagian controversy-Cœlestius and Pelagius

appeal to the bishop of Rome-Augustine and the African churches re-

monstrate Zosimus changes sides-Baptismal regeneration-BONIFACE L.

-CELESTINE-The clergy of France Nestorian controversy-Celestine's

arrogance-Council of Ephesus-Cyril-Story of Dalmatius

CHAPTER VI.-SIXTUS III.-Story of Patrick-LEO THE GREAT-His

noble qualities-Theological labours-Haughtiness towards Hilary

Monophysite controversy-Dioscurus-Eutyches-Flavian-The "Council

of Robbers"-Flavian deposed-Contempt shown to Leo's advice

CHAPTER VII.-Leo's resentment-Invasion of southern Europe by the

Huns-Attila-Battle of Chalons-Its effects on European history-Attila

enters Italy-Leo becomes ambassador-Invasion of Italy by the Vandals

-Leo again intercedes-Great wealth of the Roman church-Fall of the

Roman empire-Ascendency of the popes-Results of Leo's popedom-

Corruptions multiplied-Antichrist manifested

CHAPTER VIII. HILARY-SIMPLICIUS-FELIX II.-GELASIUS-Miser-

able state of Italy-Reign of Theodoric the Goth-ANASTASIUS-

SYMMACHUS HORMISDAS-JOHN 1.-FELIX III.-Benedict the recluse

founds a new order of monks-Its character-Boethius-Anarchy after

Theodoric's death-BONIFACE II.-JOHN II.-AGAPETUS-Reign of Jus-

tinian-SYLVERIUS-Belisarius invades Italy-Tergiversation of the pope

-VIGILIUS obtains office by simony-Historical obscurity of the age-

Lombards invade Italy-Effects of frequent invasion

CHAPTER IX. PELAGIUS 1.-JOHN III.-BENEDICT I-PELAGIUS II.-

GREGORY I., styled the GREAT-His early life-Becomes pope-His quali

fications for the office-His charitableness-Rebukes the bishop Natalis-

His "Rules"-Sends Augustine to convert the Anglo-Saxons-Success of

the mission-Indignation of the ancient British churches-Deynoch of

Bangor-Augustine's bigotry-Gregory aims at controlling the Spanish

and French churches-Alters the forms of worship-Improves the singing

-"Canon of the mass"-Sanctions the use of images-His superstitious

tendencies-Letter to the empress Constantina-His servility to monarchs 83

CHAPTER X.-Twenty-four popes, all of little note-SABINIANUS-BONIFACE

III-BONIFACE IV.-DEODATUS-BONIFACE V.-HONORIUS 1.-SEVERINUS

-JOHN IV.-THEODORE I.-MARTIN 1.--EUGENE 1.-VITALIAN-ADEODA-

75