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SINAI AND PALESTINE

IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR HISTORY.

BY ARTHUR PENRHYN STANLEY, M.A.

CANON OF CANTERBURY.

WITH MAPS AND PLANS.

SECOND EDITION.

LONDON:

JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET.

LONDON:

BRADBURY AND EVANS, PRINTERS, WHITEFRIARS,

CONTENTS.

PAGE.

ADVERTISEMENT

PREFACE:

CONNECTION OF SACRED HISTORY AND SACRED GEOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION:

EGYPT IN RELATION TO ISRAEL.

2. View from the Citadel at Cairo.

1. Nile in the Delta.

3. Heliopolis.

4. Valley of the Nile. 5. Tombs of Beni-Hassan. 6. Tombs and Hermits.

7. Thebes-Colossal statues. 8. Thebes-Karnac and the Royal Tombs.

9. Nile at Silsilis. 10. At the First Cataract. 11. Philæ. 12. Nile in

Nubia. 13. Ipsambul. 14. Nile at the Second Cataract. 15. Dendera.

16. Memphis. 17. The Pyramids

. ix

xii

CHAPTER I. PART I. PENINSULA OF SINAI.

I. General configuration-the Mountains, the Desert, and the Sea. 1. The Two

Gulfs. 2. The Plateau of the Tih. 3. The Sandy Tract of Debbet-er-

Ramleh. 4. The Mountains of the Tôr. (a) The Ka'a-the Shores.

(b) The Passes. (c) The Mountains; the Three Groups-the Colours-the

Confusion-the Desolation-the Silence. (d) The Wadys-the Vegetation

-the Springs-the Oases

II. General Adaptation to the History. The Seenery-the Physical Phenomena

-the Present Inhabitants-Changes in the features of the Desert

III. Local Traditions of the History. 1. Arab Tradition-Traditions of Moses.

Loss of the Ancient Names. 2. Greek Traditions. 3. Early Traditions

of Eusebius and Jerome

IV. Route of the Israelites. 1. Passage of the Red Sea. 2. Marah and Elim.

3. Encampment by the Red Sea. 4. Wilderness of Sin. 5. Choice between

Serbal and Gebel Mousa as Sinai. 6. Special localities of the History

Elijah's visit. 2. Josephus. 3. Allu-

sions of St. Paul. 4. Christian Hermitages; Convent of St. Catherine.

5. Mosque in the Convent; Visit of Mahomet. 6. Present State of the

Convent. 7. Sanctuary of Sheykh Saleh

V. Later History of the Peninsula. 1.

Note A. Mussulman Traditions of the Exodus and Mount Sinai

Note B. Sinaitic Inscriptions