and stirs the very soul of an audience. With Effusive Form, Pectoral Quality, it intensifies the expression of awe and dread.

To cultivate this element of expression practice the elements, words, and sentences with all the force you can command in the Orotund Expulsive.

EXERCISES IN THOROUGH STRESS.

1. ō, as heard in no, go.

1. Forward, the Light Brigade.

2. Princes, potentates, warriors.

3. Awake! arise! or be forever fallen!

EXERCISES

Combining Form, Quality, Force, and Thorough Stress.

Repeat the above sentences with

1. Expulsive Form, Pure Tone, Energetic Force, Thorough Stress.

2. Expulsive Form, Orotund, Impassioned Force, Thorough Stress.

THOROUGH STRESS-WHEN USED.

Thorough Stress is appropriately employed in the expression of rapture, joy, exultation, lofty command, indignant emotion, oratorical apostrophe, and virtuous indignation; and sublimity and grandeur when mingled with awe and dread.

This selection does not require Thorough Stress throughout, nor does any one selection require exactly the same combinations of elements throughout, else the

utterance would be monotonous; but as the sentiment changes so the combination must be varied. It is this constant change of combinations that requires the exercise of taste and judgment. Much of this selection will require Expulsive Form, Pure Tone, Moderate or Energetic Force, and Radical Stress. Only the last two stanzas require the combination given below.

EXAMPLE.

Thorough Stress, Energetic and Impassioned Force, Orotund Quality, Expulsive Form.

The Launching of the Ship.

H. W. LONGFELLOW.

1. “Build me straight, O worthy master!
Stanch and strong, a goodly vessel,

That shall laugh at all disaster,

And with wave and whirlwind wrestle!"

2. The merchant's word,

Delighted, the master heard;

For his heart was in his work, and the heart
Giveth grace unto every art:

And, with a voice that was full of glee,
He answered, "Ere long we will launch
A vessel as goodly and strong and stanch
As ever weathered a wintry sea!"

3. All is finished! and at length

Has come the bridal day

Of beauty and of strength:

To-day the vessel shall be launched!

With fleecy clouds the sky is blanched;
And o'er the bay,

Slowly, in all his splendors dight,

The great Sun rises to behold the sight.

4. The ocean old,

Centuries old,

Strong as youth, as uncontrolled,

Paces restless to and fro,

Up and down the sands of gold.

His beating heart is not at rest;
And far and wide,

With ceaseless flow,

His beard of snow

Heaves with the heaving of his breast:

He waits impatient for his bride.

5. There she stands,

With her foot upon the sands,

Decked with flags and streamers gay,

In honor of her marriage-day,

Her snow-white signals fluttering, blending,

Round her like a veil descending,

Loud and sudden there was heard,

All around them and below,

The sound of hammers, blow on blow,
Knocking away the shores and spurs:
And see! she stirs!

She starts she moves-she seems to feel
The thrill of life along her keel,

And, spurning with her feet the ground,
With one exulting, joyous bound,
She leaps into the ocean's arms!

7. And, lo! from the assembled crowd

There rose a shout, prolonged and loud,
That to the ocean seemed to say,
"Take her, O bridegroom, old and gray;
Take her to thy protecting arms,

With all her youth and all her charms!"

8. How beautiful she is! how fair

She lies within those arms that press

Her form with many a soft caress

Of tenderness and watchful care!

Sail forth into the sea, O ship!

Through wind and wave right onward stear! The moistened eye, the trembling lip,

Are not the signs of doubt or fear.

9. Thou, too, sail on, O ship of State!
Sail on, O UNION, strong and great!
Humanity, with all its fears,

With all the hope of future years,
Is hanging breathless on thy fate!
We know what Master laid thy keel,
What workmen wrought thy ribs of steel,
Who made each mast and sail and rope,
What anvils rang, what hammers beat,
In what a forge, and what a heat,
Were shaped the anchors of thy hope!

10. Fear not each sudden sound and shock; 'Tis of the wave, and not the rock; 'Tis but the flapping of the sail, And not a rent made by the gale! In spite of rock and tempest's roar, In spite of false lights on the shore, Sail on, nor fear to breast the sea! Our hearts, our hopes, are all with thee; Our hearts, our hopes, our prayers, our tears, Our faith triumphant o'er our fears,

Are all with thee-are all with thee!

1. Define Thorough Stress.

QUESTIONS.

2. With what Forms can it be given?

3. What are the advantages of Thorough Stress?

4. With what Combinations may it be given?

5. When is it appropriately employed?

6. Why does the selection require Thorough Stress?

7. How much of it should be given with Thorough Stress?

8. With what combination should the last three lines of the sixth

stanza be given?

9. With what the first three?

10. Why?

11. Which stanzas specially require Thorough Stress?

12. What other elements do they require?

1. Year after year our blessings continue. 2. Yonder comes the powerful king of day. 3. Yield, madman, yield; thy horse is down. 4. Yield to mercy while 'tis offered to you. 5. "Yet I say unto you, That even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these."

Intermittent Stress.

The Intermittent Stress is a tremulous emission of the voice from the organs. It can be given both with the Effusive and Expulsive Forms.

INTERMITTENT STRESS--ADVANTAGE OF.

The Intermittent Stress gives a vivid and touching expression to utterance, for the absence of which nothing can atone. "Without its appeal to sympathy, and its peculiar power over the heart, many of the most beautiful and touching passages of Shakespeare and Milton become dry and cold.”