C D us to do. He cenfures all thofe F G Tillotson, Lucas, and Wefley. He alfo centures all expectation of a more flourishing ftate of the church of Chrift, and all praying for the converion of Sinners, as contrary to the fpirit of the antient Gofpel. I have never feen the Letters that paft between Mr Pike and the author of the Letters on Theron and Afpafo, nor any of the answers to the laft mentioned author. But I have just been reading Mr Fike's Free Grace indeed, where he informs us that the author of the Letters on Theron and Afpafio is Mr Sandiman, and that he is an elder or paftor of an independent church in Scotland. The defign of Mr Pike's Free Grace indeed is to illuftrate and confirm Mr Såndiman's idea of faith. With this view, Mr Pike obferves, that fuch fcripture phrafes as, coming to Chrift, receiving him, fleeing to him, &c, &c. are acts, exercises, and workings of the believer's heart, which are confequent to faith, and that if they are taken into faith as it juftifies, it is then evident that we are juftified by works, and thus the Gofpel is perverted and overturned;, which, he adds, is the very fnare that Mr Sandiman aims to discover and expofe... You perceive, Sir, that each of the three writers, whofe fentiments I have pointed out to you, feem zealous to advance the free Grace of God. But is it not apparently their unhappiness to fet reason at variance with revelation, and to represent divine influences on the minds of men as totally inconfittent with human endea vours? Perhaps the beft anfwer to Mr Sandiman's and Mr Pikes's erroneous idea of faith, has been already given to the author of Chriflianity not founded on Argument, and particularly by Dr Doddridge. The writers, fo remarkably condemned by Mr Sandiman, have undoubtedly their lesser differences in fentiments and expreffions; but, I prefume, in this grand circumftance they are all agreed, to abbor the defign of representing any righteousness of our own, as ftanding in compofition with the only justifying righteoufnefs of the redeemer; and that whenever they exhort to thofe duties, which the Gospel requires in order to our fecuring an intereft in the favour of God through Chrift, they are by no means intending to invade the Saviour's province, or to teach men to be their own faviours, nor to fuperfede the promifed influences of the the Holy Spirit; but are conftantly confidering the Holy Spirit, as given to them that afk of God, and as working in fuch, both to will, and to do. A B I am well aware what abundant reafon there is to fufpect, that the author of Christianity not founded on Argument had a delign very different from that of aggrandizing the free Grace of God. But flily as that Author went to work, it is hardly to be credited that any man of common undertanding would have abetted the deceit, after he had seen that book, or had read any of the answers to it. On the whole, Sir, the scheme of thefe writers feems to me as contrary to the Gospel, as darkness to light, and a delufion of the devil to lead men to rest in that faith which cannot fave. In proportion as fuch fenti ments obtain in the world, it is to be feared that fome honeft weak Chiftians will be led to a prefumptuous confidence; and the multitude of care lefs and merely nominal Chriftians be the more confirmed in their thoughtless presumption; at the fame time that others, who are too prone D to make light of faith, and of dependance on the righteoufnels of Chrift, and the aids of his fpirit, will be fet at a yet farther distance from the truth as it is in Jefus. 500 265 I am, Sir, Yours, &c. Some Account of the late Dr STUKELEY, communicated by Mr P. COLLINSON. the benevolent Duke of Montague, one of the members, who prevailed on him to leave Stamford, and then gave him the living of St George the Martyr in Queen Square, in 1747. From thence he frequently went to a pretty retirement he had at Kentish-Town. Returning from thence on Wednesday, the 27th of February, 1765, to his house in Queen fquare, according to his ufual cuftom, he lay down on his couch, where his house keeper came and read to him; but fome occafion calling her away, on her return, he, with a chearful look, faid, Sally, an accident has happened fince you have been absent; ' Pray what is that, Sir? No less than a firoke of the palfy: She replied, "I hope not fo, Sir;' and began to weep.-Nay, do not trouble yourself, faid he, but get fome help to carry me up fairs, for I never C hall come down again but on men's fhoul ders. Soon after his faculties failed him, but he continued quiet and compofed, as in a fleep, until Sunday following, the 3d of March, 1765, and then departed, in his 78th year, which he attained by his remarkable tempe rance and regularity. E HE Rev. WILLIAM STUKELY, M.D. F.R.S. and S.A.S. was de fcended from an ancient family in Lincolafbire; born in the year 1687; admitted of Bennet-College, Cambridge, in 1703; he took the degree M. B. in F 1709; and practifed phyfic at Bofon in Lincolnfbire, he became a fellow of the Antiquarian Society in 1717; a fellow of the Royal Society in 17183 M.D. in 1719; and was admitted fellow of the college of phyficians in 1723. Conceiving there was fome remains of the Elusinian mysteries in Free Masonry, he gratified his curiofity, and was constituted master of a lodge, to which he prefented an account of a Roman amphitheatre at or near Dor. chefter. In July 1729 he went into orders, by the encouragement of Abp Wake, and in October following, was prefented by Lord Chancellor King to the living of All-Saints in Stamford. In the year 1741 he became one of the founders of the Egyptian society, which brought him acquainted with H By his particular directions he was conveyed in a private manner to BaftHam in Effex, and was buried in the church-yard, ordering the turf to be laid fmoothly over him, without any monument. This fpot he particularly fixed on, in a vifit he paid fome time before to the clergyman of that parish, when walking with him one day in the church yard. Thus ended a valuable life, daily fpent in throwing light on the dark remains of antiquity. His great learning and profound fkill in thofe refearches, enabled him to publish many very elaborate and curious works, and to leave many ready for the prefs. In his phyfical capacity his Differta tion on the Spleen was well received. His Itinerarium Curiofum, the first fruits of his juvenile excurfions, prefaged what might be expected from his riper age, when he had acquired more experience. The curious in thefe ftudies were not difappointed, for with a fagacity peculiar to his great genius, with unwearied pains and industry, and fome years spent in actual furveys, he inveftigated and published an account of those stupendous works of the remoteft antiquity, Stonehenge and Abury, in 1743, and hath given the most probable and rational account of their ori gins gins and ufe, afcertaining alfo their dimenfions with the greatest accuracy. So great was his proficiency in Druidical Hiftory, that his familiar friends used to call him, The arch druid of this age. His works abound with particu- A Jars that thew his knowledge of this celebrated Britib priesthood. In his Caraufius he has thewed much learning and ingenuity in fettling the principal events of that emperor's government in Britain. To his intereft and application we are indebted for recovering from B obfcurity Richard of Cirencester's hiftory of Roman Britain, entitled, Britannicarum Gentium, & Haunie 1757. The fame year, for the benefit of the Englb reader, with his usual skill and erudition, he published an illustration of these choice remains of antiquity, c with a map, and the manner how they came to be discover'd. His difcourfes, or fermons, under the title of Palæographia Sacra, 1763, on the vegetable creation, &c. bespeak him a botanist, philofopher, and divine, replete with ancient learning, and excellent observations. "He clofed the laft fcenes of his life with compleating a long and labori ous work on ancient British coins, in particular of Cunobelin, on which he felicitated him!elf to have from them discovered many remarkable, curious, and new anecdotes, relating to the reign of that British king. This, with inany other extraordinary performances, I am informed are left ready for publishing, with which, it is hoped, his executors will enrich the commonwealth of learning. D E was remarkable in that university, after commending fo many rich endowments for the good of the foul, were greatly furprised to fee fo little care taken of the body. Thefe imperfect sketches of this great man's life are inferted as a tri. F bute due to a long friendship, in hopes they may excite others who have more leifure, and who are better acquainted with his works, to do justice to his memory. P. C. In the account of the Eaftern Plane No phyfic garden, no botanic pro feffor to teach the ftudents that moft ufeful fcience of botany, and enable them to know falutiferous herbs from thofe that are poisonous. Tree inferted last month, and communicated G Some count of a Phyfic Garden at The knowledge of fimples, and their virtues, being the first step to the study of medicine, this great neglect feemed the more astonishing to ftrangers, efpecially as it is well known that every little university abroad has its phyfick garden, and its botanic profeffor, to inftruct the pupils in the knowledge of plants. This remarkable defect was long obferved with concern, by that worthy man Dr Walker, fub mafter of TrinityCollege. Many difficulties and discouragements attended the fettling a phyfic garden, which happily at laft were furmounted, and an eligible spot, found for that purpose, which that publick fpirited friend of man purchafed for 1600l. and made a donation of it to the univerfity, and by his will left sol. per ann. towards the fupport of fo noble and ufeful an inftitution, dedicated to the benefit of mankind. The good man was fo favoured by Providence, that he lived to fee the phyfic garden attain fome degree of perfection under the affiduous care of Mr Charles Miller, having had great collections of all forts of plants and feeds from Mr Philip Miller, and from Mr Gray, Mr Williamson, and Mr Gordon, gardeners and nursery men, who generously, with others, contributed to furnish the garden. It was fome confolation to the munificent patron to fee his inftitution increasing whilft he found himself declining. After along life of health and cafe, without pain or fickness, he refigned his breath on the 15th of December 1764, in the 85th year of his age, and was, with great folemnity, buried in Trinity College chapel, By the Doctor's gift, the reproach of the want of a phyfic garden is removed, but a much greater reproach would be incurred if the university did not contribute their affiftance to fup port it. But much to the honour of H that learned body, fuch measures now are, and will be taken, as must estabJish fo beneficial and ornamental an institution for ever. I am, &c. P. C. RULES neceffary to be observed by all the first place every finger should proper plainess in finging; for, as too much finery adds no ornament to a beautiful perfonage, but has a quite contrary effect, fo too much gracing of a mufical composition, often ends in a total difgracing. There feems to be the cantandi fimplicitas in the latter, as well as the fimplicitas munditiæ in the former *. The power of the organift in a full chorus feems to be of a defpotick nature. He is the primum mobile. Every finger must conftantly hearken to the organ. In the nature of things it cannot be otherwife . You'll fay, perA haps, that the organist may be deficient fometimes with regard to time :→ it is granted ; and fo may the greateft performer: a Handel may vary with respect to time, and be a Handel ftill! But fuppofe the organift is not always regular, yet it is the business of the whole choir to attend to him §. In other parts of cathedral mufick, (such as a folo and duett) the organist may humour the finger, and the finger the organist, in cafe both of them are well converfant in compliance and good nature. But when I talk of compli ance between player and finger it is certainly more practicable in a folo than any other part of church mufick. With regard to a long grace at the B end of any part of an anthem, I think it thould be very cautiously avoided, because it breaks in too much upon the ferioufnefs and dignity of church-mufick. But if a finger fhould be determined to favour a congregation with a gratiofo t, I would advife the organist to play a little fhort voluntary as foon C as the grace is quite finished, in order to qualify the finger to go on with a quantum fufficit of breath for the remaining part of the anthem, because there are so many twistings and twinings, fo many inftantaneous ups and downs in a thing of this fort, that the arteria afpera is often put into a fort of convulfive motion, and more particularly fo when this faid grace requires a confiderable degree of vocal velocity, fed boc obiter notandum eft. There are feveral parts of cathedral mufick which can never be fung and accompanied with too much fimplicity and plainefs. To inftance in one particular, i. e. the VouchJafe O Lord, in Purcell's Te Deum. If finger and accompanier would do juftice to this frain, I would advise them to ufe nothing but the appogiatura, and even that with great caution and referve. But instead of this I have often had the misfortune of hearing the greatest part of it fmother'd (for what elfe can I call it?) with fuch a farrago of fuperBuities, that between finger and player they have almost made a very tolerable country dance of it. With regard to the leading of a point in a chorus, every member fhould exert his voice as much as the nature of his conftitution will admit of. The too frequent ufe of the fwell is attended with bad confequences, D Although the power of the organist, in a full chorus, favours very strongly of defpotifm, yet in other parts of church-mufick it partakes of the nature of a mixed limited monarchy; ie. in harmony he feems monar chical, but not in melody. It ought to be confidered that the orga Enitt has always the most difficult talk to engage in. The finger has only his refpective part to attend to, whereas the organist is obliged to obferve the whole of the harmony, for which reafon any little deviation in point of time may happen, even to the most skillful performer. But there is another very good reafon to be affigned why the organist is partiFcularly to be attended to in a full chorus, because in case of any mistake, it is easy for a fingle part to come into the whole, but the whole cannot come into a part: Thofe who understand mufick will eafily perceive what I It very often happens that there is more difficulty in the application than in the formation of a grace. The inventive faculty of a finger may be awake when his judgement is G quite faft alleep. This is often the case with many inftrumental performers, who, instead ef doing justice to a Handel, a Corelli, and a Geminiani, are often playing a great number of furprifing tricks, to the no fmall injuftice of the authors. ti. e. Any part of an anthem, where the Anger is not relieved by an additional fymphony of the compofer: In this cafe the organist may H omit the voluntary, because the fymphony will make up the deficiency, and answer the very fame purpose. Asforthe conclufion, the heger is relieved of course by the chorus, mean. Mr Beard is the beft finger of a chorus I ever heard. He attends to the organ, and is an excellent directory at any time to the whole of a mufical performance. He is greatly to be admired (in like manner) in a recitative both of the common, and that of the accompanied one. He takes off that tædium or wearinefs which fuch kind of compofition is apt to caufe upon the generality of an audience. Büt whether in fome few inftances he does not pay greater attention to the common fpeech (I am now fpeaking as to oratorios) than to tuneful pronunciation, is a thing which I fhall not take upon me to determine. By the common recitative I mean mere fpeech, by the accompanied one, tuneful ponunciation, unless the voice is extremely good; and where the voice is good (unless the finger is well converfant in the ne plus ultra of his windpipe) it very often degenerates into a fudden ipftantaneous bawl or fquall. The practice of finging the octave above inftead of the octave below, (and A fo vice versa) has a very unnatural effect. Singers often take too much liberty in this refpect, little confidering that although it may be the fame with regard to the laws of compofition, yet there feems to be an obvious difference in nature. Let me now give a fhort friendly hint or two to the organist. fhould never prefume to play upon the organ in gloves, unless there is a grea neceffity for it. But let me not be thought too prefumptuous if I should give a little advice to the chantor. If the chantor of every cathedral would read a fhort lecture upon the na ture of harmonicks, or make a brief defcant on feveral paffages in churchmufick, fuch a method as this might be of great ufe to church-mufick, and at the fame time add confiderable weight and fignificancy to the office of B chantor. If the organist would think proper to play one of Mr Handle's fugues, fometimes (not but I propofe this with all due fubmiffion) instead of a conftant voluntary of his own, it is more than probable that fuch an innovation C may bring no fingular disgrace upon the character and reputation of an organist. Besides which it may border very near upon compaffion and good nature to give an innuendo of this fort, in order to afford fome friendly relief to the inventive faculty of the organift; because it may be very prejudicial and hurtful to the constitution to have the invention always upon the full ftretch. But if the organist should perfevere in extempore playing, (for the organ is an intrument finely calculated for it) it would be kind of the E organist to keep to his fugue; and not only this, but to chufe one of a moderate length; because in this cafe the audience may probably remember the fugue, and confequently more eafily digeft the voluntary. But The chantor fhould have a correct fcore of all the mufick that is performed in the church; and if a mistake fhould happen in a fingle part, fach miftake should be conftantly corrected from his fcore, If the chantor defires a rehearsal of any mufick, all the members muft comply, and more particularly fo if the chantor fhould defire it in a polite, genteel, and friendly manner. But, after all, I believe it will be readily granted that the best manner of finging, either with graces or withDout them, will be of little or no confequence unless all the members are in peace and harmony one with another: With unifon of found, therefore, it will be always neceffary to join union of brotherly love and affection. there is one thing relative to the orga hift which I fhould have mentioned F before, which is this, If the organist Thould tranfpofe an anthem out of the original key of a compofer (I mean at fight) in order to ease the voice of a finger, it would be prudent of the finger to thank him, the first opportu nity, for fuch a compliance; because I am, Sir, &c. W-MH-S, a Member of the Cathedral Church of Worcester. An Account of the most ufual Causes of popular difeafes, of the danger of the common methods that are taken before a Phyfician is called in, and plain directions what is proper to be done, from Dr Tyffot's advice to the people lately publifhed. (See p. 192.) fick when they are firft feiz'd HAT thofe who are about the may be able to form fome probable the organift, ftrictly fpeaking, is obli- Gons concerning the pulfe. In the winter feafon the organist It must be allowed that fet compofitiens, how well foever executed upon an organ, will always have the appearance of stiffness (at least to a difcerning and judicious ear) when compared with those which come vo Juntary from the mind. Extempore playing is certainly the thing, in cafe an organift will take fome pains to excel, H In a perfon of good health from the age of eighteen or twenty to a bout fixty fix, the pulfe commonly beats between fixty and feventy times in a minute; in young children, the number of pulfations is more, and in old perfons lefs; in children under four years old, the difference is at leaft a third. An intelligent perfon who fhall often attend to his own pulfe, and Compare it with that of other people, will |