TWENTIETH MEETING.

Twentieth Meeting, 1st April, 1893, the President in the chair.

Donations and Exchanges, 71.

Dr. Henry Hunt was elected a member.

A paper by Rev. Dr. MacNish was read on "The present aspect of the Ossianic Controversy."

The following resolution was passed on motion of Mr. W. Hamilton Merritt, seconded by Mr. T. R. Clougher :—

"That one of the greatest benefits to commercial progress has been attained by the advances made in the manufacture of steel, especially by the Bessemer process, and that in Britain, the United States, and other countries where smelting works are in operation, they have had direct influence on the prosperity of the country; Be it resolved,—that the attention of the Provincial Government be directed to the advantages to accrue to the province by the construction of smelting works for our iron ores, and that a committee be appointed to wait upon the Government and request it to consider such means as in their opinion will aid in developing our iron deposits by the erection of smelting works."

Prof. Coleman and Messrs. Merritt, Clougher and Bain were named a committee in accordance with the resolution.

TWENTY-FIRST MEETING.

Twenty-first Meeting, 8th April, 1893, the President in the chair.

Donations and Exchanges, 55.

Messrs. Allan Cassels, Thomas W. Gibson, H. Maughan, Robert Percy Vincent, and A. L. Hoyles were elected members.

Mr. D. W. Beadle, B.A., LL.B., read a paper entitled "Danger of Introducing a very serious Pest destructive of our Peach Orchards."

Mr. Andrew Elvins read a paper on the Satellites of Jupiter, supplementary to one previously read on the same subject. He called attention to the fact that the period of the revolution of each of the satellites was double that of the next interior one, in accordance with Kepler's law. Thus, the satellite farthest from the planet is about 352 hours, the next nearer the planet is 176 hours, the next 88, and the next is 44, while the newly-discovered satellite revolved in 11 hours, or one-fourth that of the next exterior satellite. This discrepancy rendered it probable

that a satellite existed between the two latter, which revolved round its primary in about 22 hours. Mr. Elvins recommended astronomers to carefully search this space, as it was likely their labours would be rewarded by the discovery of a sixth satellite, revolving in accordance with Kepler's law.

Mr. Elvins closed thus:-" Reasoning in this manner, I ventured to suggest that it would be well to watch Jupiter closely during the opposition of 1892. My paper was read in May, 1891, and published in February, 1892, in the "Transactions of the Astronomical and Physical Society" of Toronto, and I wrote our local observers to look for satellites, or rings, which would doubtless be very faint, but would possibly be seen. I wrote Prof. Barnard, among others, and this reply, which I lay on the table, shows he received it. Whether that letter stimulated him to search for satellites or not, he has not stated. One thing is certain, he has made a diligent search and a fifth satellite being discovered has rewarded his pains. The French Academy of Science has tendered Prof. Barnard a double prize, a token of merit which he richly deserves. But had he mentioned the fact that I had suggested the possibility of the existence of a new satellite, the lustre of his discovery would not have been dimmed, and he would have been doing justice to one who has been a lover of the stars through a life which is now rapidly drawing to a close."

TWENTY-SECOND MEETING.

Twenty-second Meeting, 15th April, 1893, the President in the chair. Donations and Exchanges, 85.

Messrs. C. P. Smith, Clarence E. Spink and G. K. Powell were elected members.

Prof. A. B. Macallum read a paper on "Archic Life."

TWENTY-THIRD MEETING.

Twenty-third Meeting, 22nd April, 1893, the President in the chair. Donations and Exchanges, 57.

A circular from the Royal Society of Canada, transmitting copies of a schedule for the recording of observations in Natural History and Meteorology was referred to the Biological Section.

Mr. J. J. Foy and Rev. J. J. Hare, Ph.D., were elected members.

Mr. Alan Macdougall read a paper on "Road Improvement."

TWENTY-FOURTH MEETING.

Twenty-fourth Meeting, 29th April, 1893, the President in the chair. Donations and Exchanges, 64.

Nominations for officers for the ensuing year were made.

The following gentlemen were elected members:-Messrs. E. B. Osler, Paul Campbell, George Williams, Charles P. Sparling, S. N. Samuelson and Oliver Spanner.

On motion by Mr. G. G. Pursey, seconded by Mr. C. Armstrong, it was resolved that the Public school teachers be requested to impress on their pupils, when they are gathering wild flowers, to be careful to pluck the flowers only and leave the roots undisturbed, and that the press be requested to give this resolution wide circulation.

Mr. Arthur Harvey read a paper entitled "The Outlook from Mount McKay," Mount McKay being one of the great hills which meet the view as the traveller enters Thunder Bay, on Lake Superior. The features of the territory overlooked by the mountain, the geography, topography, geology, were described and discussed by Mr. Harvey, and some practical suggestions were thrown out as to the development of the rich resources of the country.

FORTY-FOURTH ANNUAL MEETING.

The Forty-Fourth Annual Meeting was held on 6th May, 1893, the President in the chair.

Donations and Exchanges, 60.

The following were elected members:-Mr. Frederick Wyld, Mr. Thomas McCraken, Mr. John Chambers, Mrs. Alexander Cameron, Miss Bertha M. Shoults, and Miss Lilian C. Harrington.

President Harvey addressed the Secretary, Mr. Alan Macdougall, as follows:-" Some members of the Canadian Institute who admire the urbanity and tact with which you discharge the duties of the secretaryhip desire to present you with a token of their appreciation of yourservices and of their high personal regard. It is my pleasing duty to carry out their wish by handing you, in the name of the Institute, a silver inkstand with a short inscription." Mr. Macdougall replied.

The Forty-fourth Annual Report was read and adopted.

Professor Mavor was empowered to act as delegate from the Canadian Institute to the next meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science.

The officers of the Institute for the ensuing year were elected as follows:-President, Prof. R. Ramsay Wright, M.A., B.Sc.; First VicePresident, Mr. J. C. Hamilton, LL.B.; Second Vice-President, Mr. B. E. Walker; Secretary, Mr. Alan Macdougall, C.E.; Treasurer, Mr. James Bain, Jr.; Librarian, Mr. D. R. Keys, M.A.; Curator, Mr. David Boyle, Ph. B.; Editor, Mr. George Kennedy, M.A., LL.D.; Members of CouncilMr. J. Maughan, chairman of the Biological Section; Prof. Coleman, Ph.D., chairman of the Geological and Mining Section; W. Canniff, M.D, chairman of the Historical Section; and Mr. O. A. Howland, Mr. Arthur Harvey, Mr. Levi J. Clark.

A vote of thanks was tendered to the retiring President, Mr. Arthur Harvey, for his indefatigable labours in the service of the Institute during his term of office; also to the several officers for the faithful and efficient discharge of their duties during the past year. It was then resolved that the thanks of the Institute be tendered to the city press for their excellent reports of the proceedings of the Institute and its sections, and that a copy of this resolution be sent to each of the papers.

FORTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT.

The Council of the Canadian Institute has the honour to lay before its members its Forty-fourth Annual Report.

The session which has closed compares favourably with past years in the number of papers read, the attendance at the meetings and the interest taken by members in the work of the Institute.

Twenty-four ordinary meetings were held, at which thirty-four papers were read. The work of the several sections was well maintained; the natural history or biological section, with its sub-sections, held twentyseven meetings; the historical section six, and the geological and mining, six meetings.

The membership has increased by the election of twenty-five members, sixteen associate members and three juniors.

One honourary member and four corresponding members have been elected, the periods of election of the latter ranging from three to five years.

The Institute announces with much regret the death of several valued members.

Sir Daniel Wilson, LL.D., F.R.S.E., etc., President of Toronto University, an honorary member, during his long and valuable life, rendered marked assistance to the Institute, and occupied the Presidential chair in 1859-60, 1860-61, and 1878-80.

Nelson G. Bigelow, Q.C., LL.D., M.P.P., a life member, did not take a great interest in the work of the Institute in later years; his death was sudden at the end.

His Honour Sir Alexander Campbell, K.C.M.G., Lieutenant-Governor of the Province, was prevented by his official position and duties from taking a very active part in our work.

D. A. O'Sullivan, LL.D., was a frequent contributor to our meetings; his health of late years prevented his attending very regularly.

The re-arrangement of the rooms in the building, which has recently been effected, has proved very successful. The library, which was formerly hardly ever used, is now the general reading room; the spacious apartment affords ample accommodation for the comfort of the members. The acquisition of the reading room on the ground floor has enabled the natural history section to bring its collections together in a very convenient form for reference and study.

The conditions for the competition for papers on Electoral Representation and the Rectification of Parliament have been widely distributed. The competition closes on the 1st of July.

The centennial celebration of the formation of the Province of Upper Canada, and the institution of parliamentary government, was celebrated with great enthusiasm at Niagara on the 16th of July. This was followed by fitting ceremonies in Toronto on the 17th September, the centennial anniversary of the meeting of the first parliament, and the hundredth parliament was opened on the 5th of April with the state and ceremony which befitted the important occasion. The Institute was well represented on both occasions.

The report of the Provincial Commission on the Algonquin Park for the preservation of wild animals and the forest has been issued, and a bill to establish the park has been introduced into the Legislature by the Hon. Commissioner of Crown Lands. It is gratifying to find in this report the completed design which emanated from the Institute, and in which the Institute has never failed to take a deep interest.