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In adverting to the moral character of our friend, it is impossible to forget this high and sensitive honour. Instinctively averse from meanness, he never descended to those artifices which so frequently dis grace the professing world, nor could be ever bear to hear of them without a becoming sense of nausea and disgust. Endowed with a spirit of independency, he disdained to truckle to the great, or to submit to the yoke of oppression, while at the same time his spirit and his conduct were pre-eminently respectful and courteous. Nothing could be further from him than an arbitrary temper, or than the lust of power: his independency was not a misnomered tyranny, because it was attempered with the love of justice, and had its foundations on wisdom.

The benevolence of Mr. Mack, was of the richest and of the purest kind, the fair and easy expression of a kind and honest heart. Whenever it shewed itself you were intuitively impressed with its genuineness; you felt at once that it was not a feeble ray darted from a merely susceptible nature, but that it was a strong and full beam emitted from the very centre of being. So far from labouring to elicit it, all that was necessary was to direct or to restrain it; to attempt its suppression, was to seal up a fountain; it would, in its god-like energy, rise above all obstacles, and sweep before it, the most adroit system of impediments. Those suggestions of convenience, of expediency, and of temporizing morality, which so frequently dry up the streams of generosity, were of no avail with him; it was enough that misery addressed him, or that want looked towards him, and abandoning the cold inquiries of selfishness, or of a superficial benevolence, he must attempt to relieve it, and like the good Samaritan in the Gospel, would bind up the wounds and brethe the unsophisticated sentiment"take care of him, and when I see thee again I will repay thee."

But the gratitude and ingenuousness of our departed brother, were as signal and conspicuous as his kindness. He was not more ready to do good, than he was to acknowledge the good which was done by others: he delighted in the expression of those sentiments by whomsoever they were exercised, which so richly imbued his own breast, while no man could be more delicately susceptible to acts of friendship, or of forbearance shown toward himself. His grateful emotions did not escape in boisterous thanks, or flow off into a wilderness of words, but settling about his heart, they nourished the mag

nanimity which induced them, whilst they matured into admiration, attachment, and love. I shall not easily forget, when on a temporary visit at Leicester, about a year ago, he received, while sitting at the table, a seasonable token of respect from his friends, at Clipstone, and at Harborough, accompanied with expressions of solicitude for his spirits and his health. Rising from his seat, he paced the room, and with a countenance inspired with gratitude, broke out into occasional ejaculations of thankful surprise; he was evidently touched with the grace and beauty of the action itself, rather than with the possible advantages of the gift, nor could he refrain from frequent abrupt allusions to it during the day, exclaiming what can I do for such a people as this: it was as though the genius of gratitude had settled upon his brow, or was beaming upon us from his expressive eye. Had I never known Mr. Mack before, nor had been favoured with intercourse with him since, that single point in his history would have sufficiently convinced me of the dignity and nobility of his heart. I do not offer the incense of fulsome adulation, in declaring that such a man consecrated the village in which he dwelt, and that his very dust immortalizes the grave in which it shall repose.

As a Christian, Mr. Mack was substantial, not showy--sincere, but not pedantic; his religion took hold of his judgment as well as of his feelings, and had in it a larger measure of the profound than of the lighter elements and sentiments-deep reverence for the authority of God, a lively apprehension of his wisdom and his glory, as displayed in the gospel of his Son, with a hallowed anxiety to acknowledge him in all his ways, were the fine features of his inner man ; and if he refrained from cherishing the more superficial lineaments, the verbosity, the gesticulations, and the looser habiliments of piety, he was probably influenced by motives drawn from the very depths of wisdom and grace. He obviously had an essential distaste towards the mere dress of religious men, and from whatever made the most distant approach to unusual pretensions to sanctity. He had probably seen religion in some of its grotesque and distorted forms, and had been offended by its effeminacy and pained by its injurious tendency. He was quite aware that the habit of talking on a subject was not necessarily indicative of unusual moral affinity with it, and that those who have the greatest reverence for religion may oftener evince it by silence, than by noise. He knew,

moreover, that an unctuous garment may sometimes serve no other purpose than to hide the barren skeleton beneath. To pretend to determine the degree of piety'which may reside in the heart by the number and the tone of the words which proceed from the mouth is erroneous and deceptive, for where religion flows, the deepest words will be but occasionally uttered in the presence of many, but will be preserved for those fit and becoming seasons of quiet and seclusion which discretion will select and fortitude embrace; and when the language of expostulation, consolation, or reproof, is most likely to fall like the dew upon the tender herb. These are the attempts on which Heaven delights to smile, and these the efforts which prove the sincerity and which disclose the treasures of the heart: by these religion may be honoured, and not by being called from its sacred elevation to mingle with the ordinary conversation of the parlour, or only to be entombed beneath the variety of subjects which crowd around the social board. To these finer actions our excellent friend was never backward, or if at any time he neglected them, he, be assured, was the first to regret it. Leaving the scenes of enjoyment and of health, I have known him penetrate the dwellings of affliction, and in strains of unusual eloquence and consoling tenderness, silently endeavour to mitigate the sorrows which he could not

remove.

A friend of mine has often told me of a scene which he can never forget, in which this excellent man, for the space of au hour, mingled his sympathies, and administered his wisest counsels, to his drooping and dying companion in a manner that had ever since endeared bim to his heart.

These efforts are like the showers of heaven which refresh and fertilize the earth; while the habit of evangelical lequacity is too often like the incessant droppings from a house, which only sap the foundations of the building, annoy and perplex the traveller, and require some artificial conduct, to convey them to a suitable oblivion,

The religious character of Mr. Mack appeared to me to honour the name he professed; to have in it much which every one should copy, and little that any need avoid; and if during the earlier part of his career, his redundant spirits would seem to some almost to place character in jeopardy; these, in more recent days, have contributsd most materially to confirm the principles which they never impaired, and to sustain the heart which they never disgraced; if once they

were, like the steed, bounding with uncurbed majesty across the plain, they have since resembled him, when, under wise and suitable controul,he conducts his rider to deeds of glory and of might.

As a preacher, Mr. Mack occupied very elevated ground; ground to which he was conveyed not by professional arts, or by the gales of popular applause, but through virtue of extraordinary talents, wisely and industriously applied. His sentiments were those of a moderate Calvinist. But while the truth of the Gospel presented itself to his own mind, with its several parts connected and arranged, he was not accustomed to ohtrude the angles of his system on the attention of his hearers; he was more solicitous to convey the spirit, than to adjust and commend the mere framework of his plan; and though he was always ready to defend with eminent acuteness, the sentiments he approved, he was never guilty of concentrating his anxieties on the niceties of his creed, as though the mighty economy of evangelical truth rested or revolved on a mere metaphysical point. His sermons were distinguished for the richness of their sentiments, as well as the consistency of their views; and were only exceeded in their mental weight by their spiritual luxuriance and worth.

Few men could have excelled our departed friend as an intellectual essayist, had he chosen to descend to the strife; but, aware of the exclusive cast of the ministry of Christ, he disdained to dishonour it by empty declamation on the one hand, or to desecrate it by intellectual refinement on the other. It was an occasion of regret, to many of his friends, that this celebrated preacher could not be prevailed on to adopt the extemporaneous style of address, but that he tenaciously adhered to the practice of composing and closely perusing either a part, or the whole, which he advanced. Whatever this habit may have secured in correctness and precision, it probably sacrificed in amplitude and effect; and though it did not prevent him from ascending to an appropriate height, amid the sober atmosphere of the study, it may probably have deprived us of some of those vigorous and eagle flights to which such a mind must have been invited, by the occasional impulses of the pulpit: if it did not impede him in climbing to those brilliant eminences to which his unusual powers adapted him, it might have obstructed him in passing with angel fleetness along the high table land to which he had attained; for, it seemed to me, that however great our friend occasionally appeared, he was but half unfolded, that his

pinions were never fully extended, and that, had he been blessed with early education, and, at the same time, had trained his mind to more daring and adventurous efforts, it might have traversed that glorious summit, along which Robert Hall walked in solitary majesty; or that, seated together in their chariot of fire, they might have appeared, rather as the honoured guardians, than as the favoured subjects, of pulpit eloquence. But, as it was, this excellent minister embodied in his productions all the richer elements, and his addresses were the beautiful conceptions of a well regulated mind, animated and transfused with the sentiments of a renewed and a devout heart. This was, as I am informed, eminently the case with regard to his domestic pulpit duties; divesting himself of that close attention to his papers which he seemed to deem expedient when preaching from home, and giving utterance to the freshest feelings of his soul, he would, in strains of familiar and impressive eloquence, discover to his auditors the riches of the cross of Christ: and, as a Father among his children, would often express more effectively than by words, the touching sentiment of St. Paul, God is my record, how greatly long after you all, in the bowels of Jesus Christ."

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To resist the fervid appeals of his ge nerous heart, conveyed in terms of the simplest and the purest kind, must have required the whole panoply of darkness, accompanied with the heavy drowsiness of death.

It would be easy to descant on the comprehensiveness and the variety of the ministry of Mr. Mack, on the becoming simplicity and deep reverence with which he was accustomed to lead the devotions of his people, and on his honourable adherence to the church at Clipston, amidst flattering invitations to more conspicuous stations; but, leaving these features which live in the memory of thousands, we pass on to those points in his history, which are probably known to but few. Our lamented friend was born in Glasgow, in the year 1789, where he continued with his parents, till able to employ himself as a weaver of silk, and so to earn his subsistence, and to add to the comforts of his friends. Whenever he had a shilling to spare-even when comparatively a child-he would spend it in purchasing books, which, when he had read, he would immediately dispose of, at any rate, that he might procure others, and gratify his thirst for wisdom and knowledge.

The first book he bought was, as his brother informs me, the Koran of Moham

med-a circumstance indicative at once of the cast and the direction of his mind. The years of his boyhood rolled along, till, at about the age of 17, he had taken an accustomed stroll, during the hours of relaxation, afforded for getting his dinner, and while standing reading the titles of volumes which were exposed for sale, in a tradesman's window, he was accosted by a soldier, and invited to accompany him to a neighbouring house, which Mr. Mack refusing to do, the entreaties were renewed with every artifice which experience could suggest. After spending a short time in company at the inn, Mr. M. wished to pay his part of the debt contracted, and retire, but this was overruled by his kidnapper, until, to use our friends own words, the "fatal shilling" was received, and though he deeply regretted the rashness of his conduct, he was in some measure reconciled to this new and sudden change, by the receipt of sixteen pounds, as bounty money, which he spent in obtaining a chest of books. When the knowledge of his conduct reached his friends, it occasioned them great distress, and one of his brothers said to him, "John, I must enlist too, for we cannot live apart;" his answer was, "beware of the rock on which I have split;" but such was the strength of fraternal love, that, after a short time, the brother entered the same regiment, shared the same lot, and is present to-day, from the distance of Glasgow, impelled by the same affection, to attend his beloved relative to the tomb. The soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul" of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul. The altered circumstances of our friend, with recollections of the tender care and earnest prayers of a pious parent, blended with impressions derived, about this time, from an attendance on the ministry of Christ, effected, under God, a change of habit and pursuit, so much that in addition to his own soul, he felt most deeply for the souls of others; and after a short time, we find our departed brother preaching his first sermon, to the sick and the dying, in the hospital at Dumfries. Having commenced this good work, he persevered, sometimes amidst the scoffs of his companions, but, for the most part, attended by that deference which his fine powers could not fail to command. Two or three years glided by, and part of the regiment was ordered to Leicester, to allay some commotions, threatened by a collision between the workmen and their employers. Mr. Mack carried with him a certificate of recommendation from some suitable source, to any pastor or church, where

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he might wish to visit or commune; he had heard of Mr. Hall, and had read his Apology for the Freedom of the Press," and was delighted to obtain an interview with him. This introduction formed the commencement of an acquaintance and attachment which was continued for many years, till recently interrupted by the decease of Mr. Hall, but which has now been renewed amidst the ardours of eternity. This introduction led also to Mr. Mack's separation from the army, though it was effected with great diffi culty, through the reluctance of the commanding officer to lose so excellent and useful a man. After preaching in the pulpit, at Harvey Lane, a few times, Mr. Mack left for Bristol, and spending two years in the academy, under the presidency of the venerable Dr. Ryland; he visited this village, where he has laboured among you with growing fidelity, usefulness, and zeal, for the space of seventeen years; and after a protracted and a painful illness, borne with exemplary patience and submission, has fallen asleep in Jesus, in the forty-second year of his age.

Should any information be required, respecting the bereaved family of this distinguished minister, we are happy to refer to Rev. Messrs Scott, Rowell; Robertson, Wellingborough ; and Toller, Kettering; who will gladly receive contributions on their behalf.

RECENT DEATH.

On February 2d, died the Rev. GEO. GILL, formerly pastor of the Independent Church at Market Harbro', at the advanced age of 79. Mr. Gill was a native of Netherthong, near Holmfirth, in Yorkshire, and was educated at the Academy at Heckmondwike, from whence he removed to Stoanland, and was there settled as pastor over the Independent Church for several years. In the year 1782, he was invited to be the successor of Dr. Addington, at Market Harbro', where he continued to labour with considerable success for more than seven and thirty vears. He was laid aside from his public labours in November 1819, in consequence of a paralytic affection; but though the powers both of his mind and body were much enfeebled, he continued to attend the house of God within one Sabbath of his death. The memory of Mr. Gill will be long cherished in the neighbourhood as an eminently holy and devoted servant of God. His simplicity, unaffected piety, kind and humble demeanour, endeared him to many. He was universally respected in the town and neighbourhood in which he lived; and not only by those of his own communion, but by all that knew him. His funeral sermon was preached by the Rev. W. Scott, of Rowell, from Acts ii.

24.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND MINOR CORRESPONDENCE.

Favours have been received from Rev. Drs. J. P. Smith-Charles TownleyRev. Messrs. C. Gilbert-E. Giles-G. Redford-J. Peggs-C. Colton-Thomas S tratten--Joseph Gray.

Also from Messrs. R. Lee-W. S. Alexander-H. Dunn--A. Allan-T. S. EllerbyH. Rogers-J. L. Hardy-R. Winter—J. Harvey—A. Brunskill—A. A.-A County Congregationalist.

"A Constant Reader" is informed that we hope to resume The Pastor's Retrospect. As the Paper on The First Resurrection has been already published in the Christian Examiner for March, we must decline its insertion in our pages.

We did not insert the Lines on the Sea, &c. because they would not have done credit either to our pages or their author's talent.

Mr. M. is under a strange mistake if he thinks that Reviews or Short Notices which Booksellers may supply, can find admission into our pages.

We shall be happy to receive the Memoir of the late Mr. Parker.

THE

CONGREGATIONAL MAGAZINE.

MAY, 1832.

DR. CALAMY'S BRIEF AND TRUE ACCOUNT

OF

THE PROTESTANT DISSENTERS IN ENGLAND..

Two extracts from Dr. Calamy will supply all that is necessary to be known concerning the following Letter, and the gentleman to whom he addressed it. As that document has become very scarce, we have thought its republication in our pages desirable, as it will show how little the great body of the Dissenters, in the present day, have deviated from the practices or opinions of their distinguished forefathers.

"Jan. 1717. I preached at the ordination of Mr. John Munckley, of Bartholomew Close, and printed my sermon. I added, at the close, a letter to Mr. Ulspergh, a German divine, in which I, at his request, gave a brief but true account of the Dissenters in England. This gentlemen was at that time in England, but became afterwards court preacher to the Duke of Wirtemburgh, and was in great reputation."-Historical Account, vol. ii. p. 364.

"The Letter that is subjoined, gives a true Account of us, as to our rise and state, and sentiments, views, and hardships. It was drawn up at the particular request of an ingenious young German Divine, who in the course of his travels spent some time in this island, conversed freely, as opportunity offered, with persons of all characters and denominations, and often heard the Dissenters spoken of with great contempt and disdain. As he and some others that were foreigners were satisfied by this account, that we were basely injured; so has it been the apprehension of several that have seen it, that we have not a few among our own countrymen, who having unhappily taken their notions of us from such as (either through ignorance or design) misrepresented us, may from hence have several of their mistakes rectified, if they are but willing to be undeceived: and it is the hope of contributing to this, that is the true reason of it being now made public."-Preface to the Sermon.

SIR,-In compliance with your repeated request, and my own promise, I transmit the following account, which you may, I think, depend on as faithful and impartial. Ever since the first Reformation of this land from Popery, there has been a number of pious persons of all ranks, who have been desirous that the worship and government of the church might be more

VOL. XV. N. S. No. 89.

agreeable to the Holy Scriptures and the methods of other Protestant churches; and they are still as desirous of it as ever, though they have not hitherto been able to obtain it. In the days of King Edward VI. several of the reformers owned in their writings, that they rather got what they could obtain, than fixed things as they apprehended they should be;

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