with the permission of the Linacre Professor, under the supervision of Demonstrators of the Department. The course is intended primarily for teachers of science in Secondary Schools, and will deal mainly with recent developments in Zoology. Some attention will be given to the different methods used in Zoology. Opportunities for individual laboratory work under supervision will be afforded. The course will begin with a lecture on the evening of Tuesday, August 2, and the instruction will be from 9.30 a. m. to I p. m. each morning from August 3 to August 12 inclusive. The course of instruction presupposes some knowledge of Zoology, and applicants are therefore asked to state on the special Form of Application their qualifications for following such a course with advantage, and to mention any particular aspects of Zoology on which they would like to receive help. The charge for admission to the Zoology course is £2 2s., and the holder of a ticket is entitled, without further payment, to take advantage of any lectures and other arrangements in the general programme of the Summer Meeting during the period of the Zoology course. Special Forms of Application for the Zoology course and further particulars can be obtained from the Rev. F. E. Hutchinson, M.A., Acland House, Broad Street, Oxford.

CLASSES

The following Classes are open to students of the Summer Meeting on payment of 10s. for each Class. As the number of students who can be admitted to these Classes is strictly limited, students are requested to make application for admission to any of them at as early a date as possible.

(A) Class A, "The Economic Organization of Society in Shakespeare's England," in Part I. The Class will be conducted by Mr. E. LIPSON, M.A., New College, University Reader in Economic History.

(B) Class B, "Some Types of Character in Shakespeare's Plays," in Part I; The Tragic Hero, The Tragic Heroine, Women and Children of the History Plays, The Fools, Heroes and Heroines of Comedy. The Class will be conducted by Miss SHEILA DIMSEY, B.A., Lady Margaret Hall, Lecturer to the University Extension Lectures Committee.

(C) "Verse-Speaking," in Part II. The course will deal with different types of verse, e.g. the Ballad, the Sonnet, the Ode, Satiric Verse, and Dramatic Verse. The Class will be conducted by Miss IRENE SADLER, L.R.A.M. (Elocution), Medallist at the Oxford Verse-Speaking Contest of 1924.

CONFERENCES

In Part I a Conference will be held on "The Production of Shakespeare's Plays in Schools." The subject will be introduced by Mr. E. C. MATTHEWS, M.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, Assistant Master at Haileybury College.

In Part II a Conference will be held on "Amateur Productions of Shakespeare's Plays." The subject will be introduced by Miss DOROTHY SEWARD, L.R.A.M. (Elocution).

After the opening speeches the subjects will be open to discussion by any members of the Summer Meeting.

RECREATIONS, ETC.

Visits to the Colleges and other University buildings will be arranged under guidance. The University Parks and College Gardens are generally open to the public.

In co-operation with the Oxford Summer Course in Music Teaching and other Summer Schools, Community Singing will be held on Saturday, August 6, in the Sheldonian Theatre, conducted by Sir Hugh Allen, M.A., D.Mus., Fellow of New College, Professor of Music in the University, and Director of the Royal College of Music.

It is hoped that an Organ Recital may be given in the Cathedral, and that a programme of unaccompanied choral singing (Elizabethan motets and later music) may be given by the Cathedral Choir on the steps of Christ Church Hall on one Sunday evening during the Summer Meeting. No tickets will be required for either of these performances, but a collection will be made to defray the expenses.

Announcements will be made in later issues of the programme if these arrangements are effected.

It is hoped to arrange an excursion by motor conveyance to Stratford-on-Avon on Saturday, August 13, when there will be a matinee

performance of a Shakespeare play at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre. An alternative excursion will be provided for those who do not wish to go to Stratford.

ACCOMMODATION

By the kind permission of the Governing Bodies of the respective Colleges the following arrangements have been made:—

COLLEGE ACCOMMODATION for a limited number of men students will be available at New College (founded A. D. 1379) at a charge of 10s 6d. a night. Application should be made as early as possible to the Delegacy, not to the College authorities.

COLLEGE ACCOMMODATION for a limited number of women students can be obtained at St. Hilda's College (7 minutes' walk from the Examination Schools) at a charge of 10s. a night (applications should be made to the Bursar, St. Hilda's College, Oxford), and at Somerville College at the same charge (applications should be made to the Delegacy, not to the College authorities).

Women students can also be received at St. Frideswide's (Convent of S.H.C.J.) at 10s. a night: applications should be made to the Rev. Mother Superior, St. Frideswide's, Cherwell Edge, South Parks Road, Oxford.

LODGING ACCOMMODATIONS. Lodgings in Oxford for University Students are numerous. In such lodgings, students have their own bedand sitting-rooms, and take their meals privately. The lodging-house keeper will either provide the latter for an inclusive sum or charge according to orders. A list of lodgings can be obtained from the Delegacy, price 6d. post free, or with a map of Oxford, 6d. extra, but the prices named in this list refer to term-time, and it will be necessary for vacation-students to make their own terms. A list of private families willing to receive paying guests has been compiled and will be forwarded gratis on application. Living expenses in Oxford may be reckoned at from £3 per week and upwards for each person. The cost may be reduced in the case of parties of students (four or five) arranging to lodge together.

Editorials

Mr. Kerr on the Rhodes Scholarships

HE statistics which Mr. Kerr's article (pages 85 to 91) offers concerning the scholastic records of Rhodes Scholars

T

from various parts of the world through a period of over twenty years have a great interest. They indicate that the Rhodes Scholars, taken by and large, have worked hard and made satisfactory use of their opportunities. If one takes the line between a Second and a Third Class as marking the difference between success and mediocity, it appears that the Rhodes Scholars have averaged 70% better than the rank and file of British students who graduate (that is, Commoners or holders of small exhibitions), and only ten percent worse than the picked group of holders of British Open Scholarships. When First Classes only are considered, the Rhodes Scholars compare less favorably with the British Scholars, averaging 12% fewer Firsts and 6% more Seconds; but here it is fair to admit that men trained in British Public Schools will be likely to have an advantage, for-leaving luck, health, and nerves out of account-the winning of a First rather than a Second will often be conditioned not only by industry and ability, but also by knowing the ropes of the Oxford examination system. However, the Rhodes Scholars have averaged over two and a half times as many Firsts as the Oxford Commoners. Of British Open Scholars one in about four gets a First Class, of Rhodes Scholars one in six, of Commoners one in seventeen.

Mr. Kerr's figures are tabulated separately for the various Dominions of the British Empire. He has not similarly given the results for specific States or sections of the American Union. The general average of Rhodes Scholar intellectual accomplishment for the United States is as nearly as possible equal to that for the British Empire as a whole. The Americans have taken more advanced degrees and have had fewer actual failures in the Schools. On the other hand they have taken a rather smaller proportion of high Classes-one percent less Firsts and 334 percent less Seconds. It would hardly be possible to decide which general record is the better; but when one compares the

remarkable showing made by the special groups of Rhodes Scholars from New Zealand and from Australia, these creditable figures seem low by contrast. Of the Rhodes Scholars from New Zealand 4334% have taken First Classes and 372% Seconds. None, in the whole period studied, was rated as low as Fourth Class or failed. Australia is nearly as good, with 2934% Firsts, and 5234% Seconds; while one section, South Australia, surpassed the record of New Zealand—or, one might think, the humanly possible. Of ten Rhodes Scholars from South Australia who have taken Schools, seven received Firsts and three Seconds.

Such results as these, unless one is disposed to assume a natural superiority in antiborean wits, must provoke reflection. It may be suggested, and is doubtless true, that the best men can more surely be attracted by the opportunity of a Rhodes Scholarship in New Zealand or Australia than in America; but it looks also as if the Selection Committees in those Dominions have been more uniformly successful in recognizing and rewarding intellectual promise. Fundamental brainpower is often not easy to estimate in a youth of twenty-one or twentytwo, and it sometimes shows itself in rather unlovely forms, marred by one-sidedness, egotism, or self-consciousness. However, those who study the figures Mr. Kerr has compiled and read the wise and extremely temperate suggestions which he appends to them will, I think, feel the justice of his mild caution against a present general tendency which 'may be rather to underrate the importance of intellectual quality." The results of the last twenty years show that most of our Rhodes Scholars from the United States have intellectually justified their appointment, but the much higher average of accomplishment achieved by certain groups of Scholars augurs hopefully for the possibility of greatly raising the level of ability by wise adjustments in our selective machinery and by further safeguards against parochial and sentimental influences.