The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean

19th century abolition Abyssinian African and Malagasy African diaspora African origin African slaves Afro-Malagasy Alpers amor Arab Asia Atlantic Bava Gor black Creoles Bombay Presidency Britain British captured Ceylon Chagos Chaudenson coast Colombo Comoro Islands context Creole islands Creole language Creole society creolisation cultural dance dargah decolonisation Diego Garcia Dutch early East African eastern Africa economic Ethiopia ethnic European export France French Gazetteer Habshi Hindu important Indian Ocean Indian Ocean region Islamic Janjira Kaffirs Khan labour land language Lanka Portuguese Creole London Madagascar Makoa Malagasy Mascareignes Mascarenes Mascarenhas Mauritian Mauritius Merina military Mozambican Mozambique Muslim Ocean islands Paris plantations planters political population Port Louis Portuguese Creole Réunion ritual Rodrigues saint Scherer sega settler colonies Seychelles ships shrine Sidi Sinhalese Sirambiadiya Kaffirs slave trade slavery social soldiers South Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Portuguese sugar Sultan Swahili West Western white Creoles Zanzibar Zilois