corporations shall not be permitted to use the canal, and that American ships engaged in coastwise trade shall pay no tolls. The Progressive Party will favor legislation having for its aim the development of friendship and commerce between the United States and Latin-American nations. We believe in a protective tariff which shall equalize conditions of competition between the United States and foreign countries, both for the farmer and the manufacturer, and which shall maintain for labor an adequate standard of living. Primarily the benefit of any tariff should be disclosed in the pay envelope of the laborer. We declare that no industry deserves protection which is unfair to labor or which is operating in violation of federal law.... We demand tariff revision because the present tariff is unjust to the people of the United States. ... The Republican organization is in the hands of those who have broken, and cannot again be trusted to keep, the promise of necessary downward revision.1 The Democratic Party is committed to the destruction of the protective system through a tariff for revenue only a policy which would inevitably produce wide-spread industrial and commercial disaster. . . . ... We believe in a graduated inheritance tax as a national means of equalizing the obligations of holders of property to government, and we hereby pledge our party to enact such a federal law as will tax large inheritances.... We favor the ratification of the pending amendment to the Constitution giving the Government power to levy an income tax.2 The Progressive Party deplores the survival in our civilization of the barbaric system of warfare among nations, with its enormous waste of resources even in time of peace and the consequent impoverishment of the life of the toiling masses. We pledge the party to use its best endeavors to substitute judicial and other peaceful means of settling international differences. 1 This sentence refers to the failure of the Payne-Aldrich Act of 1909 to make any appreciable reduction in the tariff. See Muzzey, An American History, p. 614, note 1. 2 Incorporated into the Constitution in 1913 as the Sixteenth Amendment. We favor an international agreement for the limitation of naval forces. Pending such agreement, and as the best means of preserving peace, we pledge ourselves to maintain for the present the policy of building two battleships a year. We pledge our party to protect the rights of American citizenship at home and abroad. . . . We denounce the fatal policy of indifference and neglect which has left our enormous immigrant population to become the prey of chance and cupidity. We favor governmental action to encourage the distribution of immigrants away from the congested cities, to rigidly supervise all private agencies dealing with them, and to promote their assimilation, education, and advancement. . . . We pledge ourselves to a wise and just policy of pensioning American soldiers and sailors and their widows and children by the Federal Government. And we approve the policy of the Southern States in granting pensions to the ex-Confederate soldiers and sailors and their wives and children. . . . We demand not only the enforcement of the Civil Service Act [of 1883] in letter and spirit, but also legislation which will bring under the competitive system postmasters, collectors, marshalls, and all other non-political officers, as well as the enactment of an equitable retirement law, and we also insist upon continuous service during good behavior and efficiency. We pledge our party to readjustment of the business methods of the National Government and a proper coördination of the federal bureaus which will increase the economy and efficiency of the government service, prevent duplications, and secure better results to the taxpayers for every dollar expended. . . . On these principles and on the recognized desirability of uniting the progressive forces of the nation into an organization which shall unequivocally represent the progressive spirit and policy we appeal for the support of all American citizens, without regard to previous political affiliations. INDEX American Federation of Labor, Anderson, Major Robert, 401 f. Appomattox, 440 f., 460 n., 462 Arnold, Benedict, 344 Arthur, Chester A., 501 f., 508 Ashby, Irene, 571 Atlanta, 462 f., 518, 575 Bacon, Francis, 248 Barlow, Joel, 204 f. Barron, James, 224, 227 Bates, Edward, 385 f. and n. Bede, the Venerable, 5 Berkeley, Governor William, 28, 31 Bernard, Governor Francis, 124 Blair, Francis P., 385 Blair, Montgomery, 437 n. Blockade, proclamation of, 410 Boston, Mass., 48 f., 114, 212, 251, Bradford, Governor William, 34, 55 Bragg, General Braxton, 508 Breckenridge, J. C., 209 Bright, John, 417 f., 418 n., 473 Brownists, 34 n. Bryan, William J., 542 f. Buchanan, James, Secretary of Bull Run, 414 Cape of Good Hope, 14, 220 Cape Horn, 212, 220 Cape Verde Islands, 14 Capitulations," the, 6 Carlisle, John G., 544 Carmarthen, Lord, 167 n. 2 Chandler, Senator Zachariah, 476f. Charles II, king of England, 27 f., Charleston, S.C., 275, 281 n. 2, Charlestown, Mass., 82 f. Chesapeake Bay, 26, 33, 224 f. Child labor, 287, 571 f., 579 Cincinnati, 249, 467 f. Cincinnatus, 173 Circular Letter, the, 114, 120 f. Clark, George Rogers, 148 f., 218 n. in election of 1824, 255 f.; criti- Cobb, Howell, 352, 394 f., 398 f., Cobden, Richard, 418 n., 473 Colon, 557 f. Colonies, American, 72 f., 77 f., Colton, Reverend Walter, 335 Columbia River and valley, 212 pounded by Nashville conven- Continental Congress, 115 Cooper Institute speech, 378, 381 Coxe, Tench, 166 f., 168 n. 403 Cromwell, Oliver, 26 f. Cromwell, Richard, 27 Cuba, 16, 304, 353 f., 547 f., 550 |