man leave two wives, fix female ancestors, ten daughters, and feven paternal uncles.

Section.

WHEN thou defireft to know the fhare of each class by arrangement, multiply what each class has from the root of the cafe by what thou haft already multiplied into the root of the case, and the product is the share of that class; and, if thou defireft to know the share of each individual in that class by arrangement, divide what each class has from the principle of the cafe by the number of the perfons in it, then multiply the quotient into the multiplicand, and the product will be the share of each individual in that class. Another method is, to divide the multiplied number by whichever class thou thinkeft proper, then to multiply the quotient into the fhare of that fet, by which thou haft divided the multiplied number, and the product will be the fhare of each individual in that fet. Another method is by the way of proportion, which is the cleareft; and it is, that a propor tion be ascertained for the fhare of each clafs from the root of the cafe to the number of per

fons one by one, and that, according to fuch proportion from the multiplied number, a share be given to each individual of that class,

On the Divifion of the Property left among Heirs and among

Creditors,

If there be a disagreement between the property left and the number arising from the arrangement, then multiply the portion of each heir, according to that arrangement, into the aggregate of the property, and divide the product by the number of the arrangement, but, when there is an agreement between the arrangement and the property left, then multiply the portion of each heir, according to the arrangement into the measure of the property, and divide the product by the measure of the number arifing from the arrangement: the quotient is the portion of that heir in both methods. This rule is in order to know the portion of each individual among the heirs; but, in order to know the portion of each class of them, multiply what each class has, according to the root of the cafe, into the meature of the property left, then divide the product by the meafure of the cafe, if there be an agreement be

tween the property left and the cafe; but, if there be a difagreement between them, then multiply into the whole of the property left, and divide the product by the whole number arifing from the verification of the case; and the quotient will be the portion of that class in both methods. Now, as to the payment of debts, the debts of all the creditors ftand in the place of the arranging number.

On Subtraction.

WHEN any one agrees to take a part of the property left, fubtract his share from the number arifing by the proof, and divide the remainder of the property by the portions of those who remain; as if a woman leave her husband, her mother, and a paternal uncle: now fuppofe that the husband agrees to take what was in his power of his bridal gift to the wife; this is deducted from among the heirs: then what remains is divided between the mother and the uncle in thirds, according to their legal shares; and thus there will be two parts for the mother, and one for the uncle.

On the Return.

THE return is the converfe of the increase; and it takes place in what remains above the fhares of thofe entitled to them, when there is no legal claimant of it: this furplus is returned to the sharers according to their rights, except the husband or the wife; and this is the opinion of all the Prophet's companions, as ÂLI and his followers, may GOD be gracious to them! And our masters (to whom GOD be merciful!) have affented to it: ZAID, the fon of THA'BIT fays, that the furplus doth not revert, but goes to the publick treasury; and to this opinion have affented ÛRWAH and ALZUHRI' and MA'LIC and ALSHA'FIÎ, may GOD be mer

ciful to them!

Now the cafes on this head are in four divifions: the firft of them is, when there is in the cafe but one fort of kinfmen, to whom a return must be made, and none of thofe who are not entitled to a return: then fettle the cafe according to the number of perfons; as, when the deceafed has left two daughters, or two fifters, or two female ancestors; fettle it, therefore, by

two.

The fecond is, when there are joined in the cafe two or three forts of those, to whom a return must be made, without any of those, to

whom there is no return: then fettle the cafe according to their fhares; I mean by two, if there be two fixths in the cafe; or by three, when there are a third and a fixth in it; or by four, when there are a moiety and a fixth in it; or by five, when there are in it two thirds and a fixth, or half and two fixths, or half and a third. The third is, when in the firft case, there is any one to whom no return can be made: then give the fhare of him or her, to whom there is no return, according to the lowest denominator, and if the refidue exactly quadrate with the number of persons, who are entitled to a return, it is well; as if there be a hufband and three daughters; but, if they do not agree, then multiply the measure of the number of the perfons, if there be an agreement between the number of perfons and the refidue, into the denominator of the fhares of those, to whom no return is to be made: as if there be a husband, and fix daughters; if not, multiply the whole number of the persons into the denominator of the fhare of thofe, to whom there is no return; and the product will fet the cafe right. The fourth is, when, in the second cafe, there are any to whom no return is made: then divide what remains from the denominator of the share of him or them, who have no return, by the cafe of those, to whom a re