the calyx revolute. A native of the Altaic Alps, in Siberia. (Ibid.) In the Nouveau Du Hamel, it is stated that this plant bears a striking resemblance, in its general appearance, to the mezereon, with the exception of the flowers, which are disposed in terminal umbels, and are white and scentless. It is at present not very common in British collections, though it well deserves a place there, from its neat compact habit of growth; and from its flowers, which come in in succession to those of the common mezereon. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 2s. 6d. each. 3. D. ALPINA L. The Alpine Daphne. Engravings. Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 66. ; and our fig. 1182. Description, &c. A low branchy shrub, with white flowers, silky on the outside, which come out in clusters from the sides of the branches, and are very fragrant. They appear in March, and are succeeded by roundish red berries, that ripen in September. It is quite hardy, and is very suitable for rockwork; as the roots fix themselves deeply into the crevices of the rocks. B. Erect. Leaves persistent. Flowers lateral. 1181 1182 4. D. LAURE'OLA L. The Laureola Daphne, or Spurge Laurel. Identification. Lin. Sp. Pl., 510.; Willd. Sp. Pl., 2. p. 418.; Smith Eng. Flora, 2. p. 229.; Hook. Fl. Scot., 119.; Jacq. Austr., t. 183.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Synonymes. Daphnoides vèrum, vel Laurèola, Gesn., fasc. 1. 7. t. 6. f. 9.; Laurèola Rai Syn., 465., Ger. Em., 1404.; Thymela a Laurèola, Scop. Carn., 2. n. 463.; the Evergreen Daphne; Lauréole male, Lauréole des Anglais, Fr.; Immergrüner Seidelbast, Ger. Engravings. Eng. Bot., t. 119.; Jacq. Austr., t. 183.; and our fig. 1183. Spec. Char., &c. Evergreen. Leaves obovate-lanceolate, smooth. Flowers in axillary, simple, drooping clusters, that are shorter than the leaves : flowers in each about 5. Calyx obtuse. (Smith Eng. Flora., ii. p. 229.) An evergreen shrub; a native of Britain, and most other parts of Europe, in woods; growing to the height of 3 ft. or 4 ft., and producing its yellowish green flowers, which are disposed in clusters of 5 each, soon after Christmas, if the weather be not very severe, and continuing flowering till March. Though not showy in its flowers, it is a valuable plant for a shrubbery, from its being evergreen, and from its thick, glossy, shining leaves being disposed in + tufts at the ends of the branches, so as to give it a full bushy appearance; which has a good effect in plantations, where it is desirable to produce masses of dark green. It thrives best in the shade, and will flourish in situations under the drip of trees, where few other plants would grow. If exposed to the sun, the leaves turn back with a kind of twist; and, instead of their natural pure deep green, they assume a brownish tinge. The berries are oval, green at first, but black when ripe; and they are a favourite food of singing birds: though, as De Candolle observes in the Flore Française, they are poisonous to all other animals. The spurge laurel is propagated by seeds, like the mezereon; but, as they will remain two years in the ground before they vegetate, they are generally treated like haws, and kept for some time in the rotting-heap. It may also be propagated by cuttings; but not readily. It is much used in nurseries, as a stock on which to graft the more tender species of the genus; but as, like all the other daphnes, it has few roots, it requires to be transplanted with care. 5. D. PO'NTICA L. The Pontic Daphne, or twin-flowered Spurge Laurel. Identification. Lin. Sp. Pl., 511.; Pall. Fl. Ross., 1. p. 54.; Willd. Sp. Pl., 2. p. 419.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Synonymes. Thymela'a póntica, citrei foliis, Tourn. Itin., 3. p. 180. t. 180.; Lauréole du Levant, Fr.; Pontischer Siedelbast, Ger. Engravings. Tourn. Itin., 3. t. 180.; Bot. Mag., t. 1282.; and our fig. 1184. Spec. Char., &c. Evergreen. Leaves obovate-lanceolate, glabrous. Flowers bractless, glabrous, in many-flowered upright clusters, each of the long partial stalks of which bears two flowers. Lobes of the calyx lanceolate, long. (Spreng.) A native of Asia Minor, where it forms a shrub, growing to the height of 4 ft. or 5 ft., and producing its greenish yellow flowers in April and May. It was introduced in 1759, and is frequent in collections. Varieties. D. p. 2 rubra Hort. has red flowers, and is supposed to be a hybrid. It is rather more tender than the species. 1184 D. p. 3 folüs variegatis Lodd. Cat., 1836, has variegated leaves. Description, &c. The whole plant, in general appearance, strongly resembles the common spurge laurel; but the leaves are more oval, and shorter; and the flowers, which are disposed in twos instead of fives, are yellower, and of a sweeter scent. The leaves somewhat resemble those of the lemon tree, especially in colour; whence Tournefort's trivial name. When bruised, they smell like those of the elder. This fine plant was first discovered by Tournefort, on the coast of the Black Sea, on hills and in woods; and Pallas says that it is also found in Siberia, in thick woods, and in the valleys which occur between the ridges of lofty mountains. It is, generally speaking, sufficiently hardy to bear the winters of the climate of London without protection; but, being disposed to put forth its young shoots very early, they are often injured in exposed situations, by the spring frosts; "an inconvenience which probably might be avoided by planting it in thickets, and under the shelter of trees." (Bot. Mag., t. 1282.) It thrives best in soil similar to that usually prepared for American plants, on the shady side of a wall, or in some other sheltered situation, where it will form a very handsome bush,4 ft. or 5 ft. high, and 6 ft. or 8 ft. in diameter. It may be propagated by seeds or cuttings. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 1s. 6d. each. 6. D. THYMELE'A L. The Thymelæa, or Milkwort-like, Daphne. Identification. Vahl Symb., 1. p. 28.; Willd. Sp. Pl., 2. p. 416. Derivation. Thymela a is probably derived from thymos, poison, and elaia, or elea, the olive tree, in reference to the poisonous qualities of the plant, and its slight resemblance to the olive. Engravings. Ger. Prov., t. 17. f. 2.; Pluk. Alm., t. 229. f. 2.; and our fig. 1185. Spec. Char., &c. Evergreen. Stem much branched. Branches simple, warted. Leaves lanceolate, broader towards the tip, crowded. Flowers axillary, sessile. (Vahl Symb., 1. p. 28.) A native of Spain, and of the neighbourhood of Montpelier, where it forms a shrub 3 ft. high, flowering from February to April. Introduced in 1815; but rare in collections. The leaves are of a glaucous hue; and the flowers, which are produced in clusters on the sides of the branches, are of a yellowish green; they are inconspicuous, and they are succeeded by small berries, which are yellowish when ripe. The plant requires to be kept warm and dry; and to be grown in sandy peat, kept in an equable degree of moisture. For this reason, this and other species of Daphne form very suitable plants for being grown together in a daphnetum, in the same manner as the heaths in an ericetum. 1185 ■7. D. TARTON-RAIRA L. The Tarton-raira, or silvery-leaved, Daphne. Identification. Lin. Sp., 510.; Willd. Sp. Pl., 2 p. 417.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Synonymes. Thymela'a foliis candicantibus et serici instar mollibus Bauh. Pin., 463.; Tarton-Raire Gallo-provincia Monspeliensium Lob. Ic., 571.; Sanamúnda argentàta latifolia Barr. Ic., 221.; Passerina 1árton-raira Schrad.; the oval-leaved Daphne; Lauréole blanche, Fr.; Silberblättriger Seidelbast Ger. Engravings. Lob. Ic., 371.; Barr. Ic., 221.; Fl. Græca, t. 354.; and our fig.1186. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves persistent, obovate, nerved, silky, hoary. Flowers sessile, lateral, aggregate, imbricated with scales at the base. (Vahl Symb.) A native of the south of France, where it grows to the height of 3 ft., flowering from May to July. Cultivated by Miller in 1739, and now frequent in collections. This species is remarkable for the smallness and silkiness of its leaves, and the white appearance of the whole plant. The flowers are small, yellowish, sessile, and come out in thick clusters. The plant is very suitable for rockwork, as its branches are weak, irregular, and scarcely ligneous; it requires a warm dry situation, exposed to the sun. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 1s. 6d. each. 8. D. (? T.) PUBE'SCENS L. The pubescent Daphne. Identification. Lin. Mant., 66.; Willd. Sp. Pl.. 2. p. 417. Synonymes Thymela'a itálica, Tarton-raire Gallo-provinciæ similis, sed per omnia major, Micheli, cited in Tilli Cat. Hort. Pisani; behaarter Seidelbast Ger. Engraving. Tilli Cat. Hort. Pisani, t. 49. f. 2. Spec. Char, &c. Stems pubescent, simple. Leaves linear-lanceolate, almost mucronate, alternate. Flowers axillary; 5, or fewer, in an axil; sessile, narrow, shorter than the leaf; the tube threadshaped and downy. It seems different from D. Thymela'a, and was found in Austria by Jacquin. (Willd.) It is stated to have its leaves nearly deciduous. Introduced in 1810. 9. D. (? T.) TOMENTO'SA Lam. The tomentose Daphne. Identification. Lam. Dict.; N. Du Ham., 1. p. 26. Synonymes. Passerina villosa Lin.; Lauréole cotonneuse Lam. Encyc., 10. Spec. Char., &c. Flowers sessile, axillary. Leaves oblong-obtuse, covered with tomentum on both sides. (Lam.) A low shrub, very nearly allied to D. Tárton-raira, but larger in all its parts, and with more obtuse leaves, which are covered with tomentum, instead of a silky down. It is a native of Asia Minor and the Levant, and produces its white flowers in May. It was introduced in 1800, but is now probably lost. C. Erect. Leaves persistent. Flowers terminal. 10. D. COLLI'NA Smith. The hill-inhabiting Daphne, or Neapolitan Identification. Smith in Fl. Græca, t. 359.; Smith Spicil., t. 18.; Willd. Sp. Pl., 2. p. 423.; Bot. Mag, t. 428.; N. Du Ham., t. 2.; Wikström Diss. de Daphné, p. 32.; Enum., p. 9.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Synonymes. D. collina & Bot. Reg., t. 822.,? D. buxifolia Vahl Symb., 1. p. 29.; Daphné des Collines, Lauréole à Feuilles de Santé, Fr.; Stumpfblättriger Seidelbast, Ger. Engravings. Fl. Græca, t. 359.; Smith Spicil., t. 18.; Bot. Mag., t. 428.; N. Du Ham., t. 2.; Bot. Cab., t. 1348; and our fig. 1187. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves obovate, glabrous and glossy above, and hirsutely villous beneath. Flowers in terminal groups. Calyx externally silkily villous; its lobes ovate, obtuse. (Wikström, quoted in Bot. Reg., t. 822.) A low shrub, with pretty pinkish blossoms. Found abundantly on low hills, andon the banks of rivers, in the south of Italy, where it grows to the height of 3 ft., and flowers from January to June. It was first discovered by Tournefort in the Isle of Candia (the ancient Crete); and afterwards by Sir J. E. Smith in the kingdom of Naples, in 1787. It was introduced in 1752, and is frequent in collections. It well deserves a place in every daphnetum. Grafted plants, grown in a border sheltered from the north by a wall, thrive well; and form thick bushes, with nearly level heads, covered with flowers. The branches always take an upright direction, and are tipped with groups of pale pink blossoms, which are extremely fragrant, and expand very early in the spring. Price of plants, in the London nurseries, 1s. 6d. each. 1187 11. D. (c.) NEAPOLITANA Lodd. The Neapolitan Daphne. Identification. Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 719.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Engravings. Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 719.; Bot. Reg., t. 822.; and our fig. 1188. Spec. Char., &c. "This pretty plant is surely a mere variety of D. collina, from which it differs, as far as we can observe, after comparing the living plants, chiefly in the want of pubescence on the under surface of the leaves. Like many other plants with which the catalogues and floras of the present day are augmented, it is a sport of nature, which the ingenious acuteness of modern botanists have brought into notice; but which, if unmolested upon its native hills, would quickly have passed away into the type from which it sprang." (Lindley in Bot. Reg., t. 822.) In cultivation in British gardens since 1822. Price of plants 2s. 6d. each. 12. D. (c.) OLEÖI'DES L. The Olive-like Daphne. Engravings. Alpin. Exot., t. 43.; Schreb. Dec., 13. t. 7.; Bot. Mag., t. 1917.; Spec. Char., &c. Leaves obovate-lanceolate, terminated with 13. D. (c.) SERI CEA Vahl. The silky-leaved Daphne. Identification. Vahl Symb., 1. p. 28.; Willd. Sp. Pl., 2. p. 423. 1188 1189 Synonymes. Thymele a crética oleæ folio subtus villoso Tourn. Cor., 41.; Dáphne oleæfòlia Lam. Encycl., 3. p. 424.; Seidenartiger Seidelbast, Ger. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves lanceolate, bluntish, glabrous above, villous beneath. Flowers terminal, aggregate, villous, sessile. Lobes of the calyx obtuse. It differs from D. (c) oleoides in its leaves being villous beneath, in the number of its flowers, and in the lobes of the calyx being oblong. (Willd.) A native of Candia and Naples, introduced in 1820; but we have not seen the plant. D. sericea Don, noticed in p. 175., is a native of the Himalayas, and is quite a different plant from that just described. ■ 14. D. STRIATA Trat. The striated-calyxed Daphne. Identification. Tratt.; Spreng. Syst.; 2. p. 237. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves subspathulate-linear, sessile, tipped with a small mucro, glabrous. Flowers terminal, aggregate, sessile, glabrous, striated. Lobes of the calyx acute. A native of Switzerland and Hungary. (Spreng. Syst., ii. p. 237.) This plant is said to have been introduced in 1819, and to have purplish flowers; but we have never seen it. Identification. 1896. D. Erect. Leaves persistent. Flowers in Racemes. 15. D. GNI'DIUM L. The Gnidium, or Flax-leaved, Daphne. Lin. Sp. Pl., 311.; Mill. Dict., n. 7.; Willd. Sp. Pl., 2. p. 420.; Lodd. Cat., ed. Synonymes. Thymela'a foliis lini Bauh. Pin., 463.; Spurge Flax, Mountain Widow Wayle; Daphné Gnidium, Lauréole à Panicule, Fr.; Rispenblättriger Seidelbast, Ger. Engravings. Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 150.; and our fig. 1190. Spec. Char., &c. Evergreen. Leaves linear-lanceolate, with a cuspidate tip. Flowers in terminal, panicled racemes. (Willd.) A native of Spain, Italy, and Narbonne, where it grows to the height of 2 ft., and flowers from June to August. It was introduced in 1797, and is frequent in collections. An elegant little shrub, with terminal panicles of sweet-smelling pink flowers, which are succeeded by small, globular, red berries. The same deleterious properties are attributed to this shrub, as to the common mezereon. It is rather tender, but would be suitable for conservative rockwork. Dr. Lindley observes of this plant, that both it and Passerina tinctòria are used in the south of Europe to dye wool yellow. (N. S. of Bot.) The price of plants, in the London nurseries, is 2s. 6d. each. E. Prostrate. Leaves persistent. Flowers terminal, aggregate. 16. D. CNEO'RUM L. The Garland-flower, or trailing, Daphne. Identification. Lin. Sp., 511., Syst., 871.; Willd. Sp. Pl., 2. p. 422.; Bot. Mag., t. 313.; Lodd. Cat. ed. 1836. 1190 Synonymes. Cnedrum Matth. Hist., 46., Clus. Hist., 89.; wohlriechender Seidelbast, Ger. Engravings. Jacq. Aust., 5. t, 426.; Bot. Mag., t. 313.; Bot. Cab., t. 1800.; and our fig. 1191. Spec. Char., &c. Evergreen. Stems trailing. Leaves lanceolate, glabrous, mucronate. It flowers twice a year. The flowers are terminal, aggregate, sessile, red upon the upper side, and the groups of them are surrounded by leaves. (Willd.) It is wild in Switzerland, Hungary, the Pyrenees, Mount Baldo, Germany, and France, where it grows a foot high, and flowers in April and September. Varieties. D. C.2 foliis variegatis. at the edges. D. C. 3 flore albo.-Clusius, in his Hist., has Description, &c. This plant is seldom more than a foot high, but it is ornamented by numerous pinkish flowers, which are disposed in terminal umbels, and are remarkably fragrant. The berries are white, small, and globose, but they are seldom produced in England. The plant is valuable for rockwork, and growing in pots, on account of its dwarf habit, 1191 |