SANDERS' YOUNG LADIES' READER. PART FIRST. E LOCUTION. ELOCUTION is the art of delivering written or extemporaneous composition with force, propriety, and ease. It deals, therefore, with words, not only as individuals, but as members of a sentence, and parts of a connected discourse: including every thing necessary to the just expression of the sense. Accordingly, it demands, in a special manner, attention to the following particulars; viz., ARTICULATION, ACCENT, EMPHASIS, InFLECTION, MODULATION, and PAUSES. SECTION I. ARTICULATION. ARTICULATION is the art of uttering distinctly and justly the letters and syllables constituting a word. It deals, therefore, with the elements of words, just as elocution deals with the elements of sentences: the one securing the tru enunciation of each letter, or combination of letters, the other giving to each word, or combination of words, such a delivery as best expresses the meaning of the author. It is the basis of all QUESTIONS.—What is Elocution? To what subjects does it require particular attention? What is Articulation? good reading, and should be carefully practiced by the learner. The following Directions and Examples are given as guides: I.-Produce, according to the following Table, all the Elementary Sounds of the Language: ELEMENTARY SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS. *Soft G is equivalent to J; soft C to S, and hard C and Q, to K. X is equivalent to K and S, as in box, or to G and Z, as in exalt. WH is pronounced as if the H preceded W, otherwise it would be pronounced W-hen. R should be slightly trilled before a vowel. For further instructions, see Sanders and Merrill's Elementary and Elocutionary Chart. QUESTIONS.-How many Elementary Sounds are there? How many vowel sounds? What are they? Utter the consonant sounds. SUBSTITUTES FOR THE VOWEL ELEMENTS. 1st. For Long 1A, we have ai, as in sail; au in gauge; ay in lay; ea in great; ei in deign; ey in they. 2d. For Flat A, au in daunt; ua in guard; ea in heart. 3d. For Broad A, au in pause; aw in law; eo in George; oa in groat; o in horn; ou in sought. 4th. For Short A, ai in plaid; ua in guaranty. 5th. For A before r, ai in hair; ca in bear; ei in their ; e in where. 6th. For Long 1E, ea in weak; ei in seize;. ie in brief; eo in people; iin pique; ey in key. 7th. For Short E, a in any; ai in said; ay in says; ea in dead; ei in heifer; eo in leopard; ie in friend; ue in guess; u in bury. 8th. For Long 1I, ai in aisle; ei in sleight; ey in eye; ie in die; ui in guide; uy in buy; y in try. 9th. For Short 21, e in English; ee in been; ie in sieve; o in women; u in busy; ui in build; y in symbol. 10th. For Long 10, au in hautboy; eau in beau; eo in yeoman; ew in sew; oa in boat; oe in hoe; ou in soul; ow in flow. 11th. For Long Slender 20, oe in shoe; ou in soup. 12th. For Short 30, a in was; ou in hough; ow in knowledge. 13th. For Long 1U, eau in beauty; eu in feud; ew in dew; ue in cue; ou in your; ui in suit; ou in your. 14th. For Short U, e in her ; i in sir; oe in does; o in love; y in myrrh. 15th. For Short Slender 3U, o in wolf; ou in would. 16th. For OI, oy in joy. 17th. For OU, ow in now. SUBSTITUTES FOR THE CONSONANT ELEMENTS, For F, we have gh, as in laugh; ph in sphere. For J, g in gem, gin, gyre. For K, c in can; ch in chord; gh in hough; q in quit. For S, c in cent, cion, cygnet. For T, d in faced; phth in phthisic. For V, f in of; ph in Stephen. For Y, i in onion, valiant. For 1Z, c in suffice; s in is; x in Xerxes. For 2Z, s in treasure; z in azure; si in fusion; zi in glazier. QUES.-How many substitutes has long A? What are they? &c. For NG, n in languid, linguist. For SH, ci in social; ch in chaise; si in pension; s in sure; ss . in issue; ti in notion. For CII, ti in fustian, mixtion. B, D, G, H, L, M, N, P, and R, have no substitutes. II. Avoid the suppression of a syllable; as, III.-Avoid the omission of any sound properly belonging IV. Feb-ru-a-ry. Avoid the substitution of one sound for another; as gov-er-ment gov-ern-ment. QUESTIONS.-What letters have no substitutes? What error in Ar ticulation would be avoided by the observance of direction II. Give examples. What, by direction III. Examples. What, by direction IV. Examples. . V.-Produce the sounds denoted by the following combi nations of consonants: Let the pupil first produce the sounds of the letters, and then the word, or words, in which they occur. Be careful to give a clear and distinct enunciation to every letter. 1. Bd, as in rob'd; bdst, prob'dst; bl, bland, able; bld, humbl'd; bldst, troubl'dst; blst, troubl'st; blz, crumbles; br, brand; bz, ribs. 2. Ch, as in church; cht, fetch'd. 8. Dj, as in edge; djd, hedg'd; dl, bridle; dld, riddl'd; dlst, handl'st; dlz, bundles; dn, hard'n; dr, drove; dth, width; dths, breadths; dz, odds. 4, Fl, as in flame; fld, rifl'd; flst, stifl'st; flz, rifles; fr, from; fs, quaffs, laughs; fst, laugh'st, quaff"st; ft, raft; fts, wafts; ftst, graft'st. 5. Gd, as in begg'd; gdst, bragg'dst; gl, glide; gld, struggl'd; gldst, haggl'dst; glst, strangl'st; glz, mingles; gr, grove; gst, begg'st; gz, figs. 6. K, as in uncle, ankle; kld, trickl'd; kldst, truckl'dst; klst, chuck'st; klz, wrinkles; kn, black'n; knd, reck'n'd; kndst, reck'n'dst; knst, black'n'st; knz, reck'ns; kr, crank; ks, checks; kt, act. 1. Lb, as in ulb; lbd, bulb'd; lbs, bulbs; lch, filch; lcht, belch'd; ld, hold; last, fold'st; ldz, holds; lf, self; Ifs, gulfs; lj, bulge; lk, elk; lks, silks; lkt, milk'd; lkts, mulets; lm, elm; lmd, whelm'd; Imz, films; ln, fall'n; lp, help; lps, scalps; lpst, help'st; ls, false; lst, call'st; l, melt; lth, health: Uths, stealths; lts, colts; lv, delve; lvd, shelv'd; lez, elves; lz, halls. 8. Md, as in doom'd; mf, triumph; mp, hemp; mpt, tempt; mpta, attempts; mst, entomb'st; mz, tombs. 9. Nch, as in bench; ncht, pinch'd; nd, and; ndst, end'st; nda ends; ng, sung; ngd, bang'd; ngth, length; ngz, songs; nj range; njd, rang'd; nk, ink; nks, ranks; nkst, thank'st; nst, winc'd; nt, sent; nts, rents; ntst, went'st; nz, runs. 19. Pl, as in plume; pld, rippl'd; plst, rippl'st; plz, apples; pr, prince; ps, sips; pst, rapp'st. |