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TAR

In 1732 he was Christ-church, Oxford. consecrated bishop of St. Asaph. He died Bishop Tanner had a at Oxford in 1735. considerable hand in the second edition of Wood's Athenæ; and his own works are1. Notitia Monastica, or a History of the Religious Houses in England and Wales," This was afterwards enlarged, in 1744, to a folio, by the author's brother, John Tanner, A. M.; and a new edition was printed in 1787, by Mr. Nasmith. "Bibliotheca Britannico-Hibernica," published in folio in 1748. - Biog. Brit. TANSILLO (Lewis), an Italian poet, was He lived in the born at Nola about 1520. service of the viceroy of Naples, and died He wrote an judge of Gaieta, in 1570. indecent poem, called " Il Vendemmiatore; descriptive of the Sports of the People in the Time of the Vintages," printed in 1534. For this production all his works were put into the Index Expurgatorius; but Tansillo, on professing repentance in an ode to the pope, obtained a reversal of the interdict. His poem, entitled "The Nurse," has been translated by Mr. Roscoe. boschi.

2.

TiraHis TARIN (Peter), a French physician, was born at Courtenai, and died in 1761. works are-1. Adversaria Anatomica. Anatomical Dictionary. 3. Ostcographia. 5. Trea4. The Art of Dissecting, 2 vols. 6. Observations on tise on Ligaments. 7. DescripMedicine and Surgery, 3 vols. Dict. Hist. tion of the Muscles. TARLETON (Richard), a celebrated actor and jester, was born at Condover in Shropshire. Stowe says, he was constituted one of He died about the queen's players in 1583. 1589. He was the author of a dramatic performance, called the Seven Deadly Sins; and many of his witticisms have been printed in different jest-books. Biog. Dram.

He

He

TASSO (Bernardo), an Italian poet. was secretary to the prince of Salerno, whom he accompanied to Vienna, to prevent the establishment of the inquisition at Naples. This so irritated the viceroy, who was bent upon the measure, that he caused the prince and Bernardo to be prosecuted, which His poem, enwhere Tasso died in 1575. obliged them to seek an asylum at Rome, titled "Amadis," was printed at Venice in 1560; and his letters in 1574.- Tiraboschi.

TASSO (Torquato), son of the preceding, was born at Sorrento, March 11. 1544. He wrote verses at the age of seven years; Padua, where he was a student, a poem, and before he was eighteen, published at entitled Rinaldo.

This performance procured him the patronage of Alphonso, duke of Ferrara, in whose palace he wrote his "Jerusalem Delivered;" which last he deIt is pastoral of" Aminta ;" and his great work dicated to his illustrious protector. said, however, that while Tasso was favoured by the duke, he had the temerity to address his sister, the princess Leonora of Este, and that her brother, on discovering it, sent him to prison, from whence he effected his escape, and went to his sister at Sorrento. not been long there before he was prevailed upon to return to Ferrara, where he applied for his manuscripts, which were in the duke's possession, and being refused, he fled to Urbino, where the duke persuaded him to SR 4

He had

TALBOT (Charles, lord), son of the preceding, was born in 1684. He became a commoner of Oriel-college, and afterwards fellow of All Souls' college, Oxford. He next entered at Lincoln's Inn, and was called to the bar; after which he obtained a seat in parliament; and in 1726 was made solicitor-general. In 1733 he was constituted lord chancellor, and created a baron. He died Feb. 14. 1737, and was buried in the parish church of Barrington in Gloucestershire, where he had an estate. -Biog. Brit.

TALBOT (Catherine), an ingenious lady, was the only child of Edward Talbot, second son of the preceding bishop of Durham, and born in 1720. She and her mother lived constantly with archbishop Secker, who owed his promotion to Mr. Talbot, and requited it by the care of his family. Miss Talbot received an elegant education, which she improved by her own application to the languages and sciences. She died of a

cancer, Jan. 9. 1770. Her works are Reflections on the Seven Days of the Week; essays; letters; dialogues; and poems. Miss Talbot was the bosom friend and correspondent of Mrs. Elizabeth Carter. Life prefixed to her works.

TALIACOTIUS, or TAGLIACOZZO (Gaspar), a celebrated anatomist, was born at Bologna in 1546. He was professor of anatomy at his native place, where he acquired great celebrity as an operator, but is chiefly remembered by his skill in restoring lost parts of the face, particularly the nose; on which account he is ridiculed in Hudibras. late improvements in England, and even the practice of the orientals, show that the method is easy. Taliacotius died in 1599, He wrote some works on the subject in Latin. — Elvy, Hist. Med.

But

TALLARD (Camille d'Hostun, count and duke de), marshal of France, was born in 1652 in Dauphiny. He served under Louis XIV. in Holland, in 1672. In 1693 he was made lieutenant-general, and in 1697 was sent ambassador to England. The war being renewed, he assumed the

command on the Rhine in 1702, and the year following made himself master of Landau, after defeating the prince of Hesse; but in 1704 he lost the battle of Hochstet, and was taken prisoner by Marlborough, to whom he said, "Your Grace has beaten the finest troops in Europe." The duke replied, "You will except, I hope, those who de feated them." Marshal Tallard remained in England till 1712, when he returned to Paris, and was created a duke. In 1796 be was made secretary of state. He died in

TALLIS (Thomas), an English musician, in the 16th century. He was gentleman đầ the chapel to Edward VI. and queen Mary, and his salary is said to have been sevenpence halfpenny a day. In the reign of Elizabeth he was appointed organist of the chapel royal in conjunction with Bird, with whom he published a collection of hymns for church service. Tallis died in 1585Hawkins. Burney.

TAMERLANE, or TIMUR-BEC, or Tre THE-LAME, was, according to some historians, the son of a shepherd, and to others, of royal descent. He was born in 1835, at Kesch, in the ancient Sogdiana. He gave early proofs of his courage, and having gained a number of followers, made himself master of Balk, the capital of Khorasan; after which he conquered the province of Candahar. He next subdued Persia, and took Bagdad; flusbed with which success, he marched to India where he entered Delhi, and gained posses sion of immense treasures. While engaged in this expedition, Bagdad revolted, an which Timur hastened back, delivered the city to pillage, and put to death thousands of the inhabitants. After this he turned his arms against Bajazet, emperor of the Turks, whom he defeated, and took prisoner i 1402. Timur is said to have confined Bajazet in an iron cage; but this story is apocryphal. He next vanquished Egyp and died in the midst of glory, April 1

1405.- Univ. Hist.

TANNER (Thomas), a learned prelate, was born in 1674, at Market Lavington, ins Wiltshire, of which parish his father was vicar. He became a student of Queen's college, Oxford, and afterwards felon d All Souls. In 1701 he was presented to the rectory of Thorpe in Norfolk, and the chan cellorship of that diccese. In 1715 bevæ installed prebendary of Ely; in 1721 deacon of Norfolk; and in 1724 caman af

Christ-church, Oxford. In 1732 he was consecrated bishop of St. Asaph. He died at Oxford in 1735. Bishop Tanner had a considerable hand in the second edition of Wood's Athenæ; and his own works are1. Notitia Monastica, or a History of the Religious Houses in England and Wales," 8vo. This was afterwards enlarged, in 1744, to a folio, by the author's brother, John Tanner, A.M.; and a new edition was printed in 1787, by Mr. Nasmith. "Bibliotheca Britannico-Hibernica," published in folio in 1748. Biog. Brit.

2.

TANSILLO (Lewis), an Italian poet, was born at Nola about 1520. He lived in the service of the viceroy of Naples, and died judge of Gaieta, in 1570. He wrote an indecent poem, called " Il Vendemmiatore; descriptive of the Sports of the People in the Time of the Vintages," printed in 1534. For this production all his works were put into the Index Expurgatorius; but Tansillo, on professing repentance in an ode to the pope, obtained a reversal of the interdict. His poem, entitled "The Nurse," has been translated by Mr. Roscoe. boschi.

Tira

TARIN (Peter), a French physician, was born at Courtenai, and died in 1761. His works are-1. Adversaria Anatomica. 2. Anatomical Dictionary. 3. Osteographia. 4. The Art of Dissecting, 2 vols. 5. Trea tise on Ligaments. 6. Observations on Medicine and Surgery, 3 vols. 7. Description of the Muscles. - Dict. Hist.

TARLETON (Richard), a celebrated actor and jester, was born at Condover in Shropshire. Stowe says, he was constituted one of the queen's players in 1583. He died about 1589. He was the author of a dramatic performance, called the Seven Deadly Sins; and many of his witticisms have been printed in different jest-books. — Biog. Dram.

TARRANTIUS (Lucius), called also Firmanus, from the place of his birth, Firmium a town in Italy, was the contemporary and friend of Cicero. He was a mathematician, and famous for his horoscopes, which procured him the title of Prince of Astrologers.

- Plutarch.

His

TARTAGLIA, or TARTALEA (Nicholas), a mathematician, was born at Brescia, in Italy, about the end of the fifteenth century. works are 1. "Nova Scientia inventa," 1537, 4to. This is a treatise on gunnery. 2. The Elements of Euclid, with a coinmentary, 1543, folio. 3. Trattato di Numeri et Mesure, 1556, folio. 4. Quesiti et Inventioni diversi. He died about 1558. -Hutton.

TARTINI (Joseph), a musician, was born in 1692, at Pirano, in Istria. He was sent to study the law at Padua; but having married without the consent of his parents, they discarded him, and he became a player on the violin. In 1721 he was appointed master of the band in the church of St.

Anthony of Padua, where he formed an excellent school. He died in 1770. His principal work, entitled "Trattato di Musice," was published in 1754, 4to. —' Burney.

TASKER (William), a poet, was born in Devonshire, and educated at Barnstaple, from whence he removed to Exeter-college, Oxford, where he took one degree in arts, and entered into orders. He obtained the living of Iddesleigh in his native county; which, however, was put under sequestration; and he died poor in 1800. He published translations of some of the odes of Pindar and Horace; an Ode to the Warlike Genius of Britain; Letters on the Wounds mentioned by Homer and Virgil, &c. in 3 vols. 12mo. — Gent. Mag.

TASSIE (James), an artist, was born near Glasgow, and brought up to the business of a stone-mason. On going to Dublin in search of employment, his talents for drawing recommended him to the notice of Dr. Quin, a physician, who amused himself with endeavouring to imitate gems in coloured pastes, and to take impressions of the engravings from them. The doctor took Tassie into his confidence, and succeeded to the utmost of his wishes. After this the latter came to London, where, by perseverance, he attained celebrity and competence by his gems. He also modelled likenesses in wax, with great taste and accuracy. He died in 1799. Encyclop. Brit.

TASSO (Bernardo), an Italian poet. He was secretary to the prince of Salerno, whom he accompanied to Vienna, to prevent the establishment of the inquisition at Naples. This so irritated the viceroy, who was bent upon the measure, that he caused the prince and Bernardo to be prosecuted, which obliged them to seek an asylum at Rome, where Tasso died in 1575. His poem, entitled "Amadis," was printed at Venice in 1560; and his letters in 1574. — Tiraboschi.

TASSO (Torquato), son of the preceding, was born at Sorrento, March 11. 1544. He wrote verses at the age of seven years; and before he was eighteen, published at Padua, where he was a student, a poem, entitled Rinaldo. This performance procured him the patronage of Alphonso, duke of Ferrara, in whose palace he wrote his pastoral of "Aminta ;" and his great work "Jerusalem Delivered;" which last he dedicated to his illustrious protector. It is said, however, that while Tasso was favoured by the duke, he had the temerity to address his sister, the princess Leonora of Este, and that her brother, on discovering it, sent him to prison, from whence he effected his escape, and went to his sister at Sorrento. He had not been long there before he was prevailed upon to return to Ferrara, where he applied for his manuscripts, which were in the duke's possession, and being refused, he fled to Urbino, where the duke persuaded him to

go back, and be reconciled to his patron. Tasso followed this counsel; but Alphonso was so irritated, that he sent him to the hospital for lunatics. He remained there seven years, and then, at the intercession of the prince of Mantua, obtained his liberty ; on which he returned to Naples, and next went to reside with his friend, Manso, at Bisaccio, where he affirmed that he was attended by a familiar spirit. Tasso now published his "Jerusalem Conquered," which he preferred to his former poem, though the world has not adopted his opinion. When cardinal Aldobrandini ascended the papal chair by the name of Clement VIII., he invited Tasso to Rome; and resolved to confer upon him the crown of laurel in the capitol. While, however, the preparations were going on for this ceremony, the poet was seized with a disorder, which carried him off, April 25. 1595. His remains were interred in the church of St. Onuphrius, where a monument was erected to his memory. The best edition of his works is that of Venice, in 12 vols. 4to. The "Aminta" was translated into English in 1628; and the "Jesusalem Delivered," by Hoole, in 1762. — Life by Black.

TASSONI (Alexander), an Italian poet, was born at Modena in 1565. He became secretary to cardinal Colonna, and afterwards entered into the service of the duke of Savoy, whose court he left for that of Modena, where he died in 1635. His works are 1. "Secchia Rapita," or rape of the bucket, a mock heroic. 3. Considerazione sopra il Petrarca. 3. Pensieri diversi. 4. La Tenda rossa, risposta di Giloramo Nomisenti. - Life by Walker.

TATE (Francis), a lawyer and antiquary, was born at Delapre, in Northamptonshire, in 1560, and educated at Magdalen-college, Oxford, from whence he removed to the Middle Temple, where he was called to the bar. He had a seat in parliament, and in the reign of James I. was made one of the Welsh judges. He died in 1616. His works are - 1. The Antiquity of Cities, Boroughs, and Towns. 2. The Antiquity of lawful Combats in England. 3. Of Knights made Abbots. 4. Questions about the Ancient Britons. 5. The Antiquity of Arms in England. 6. The Antiquity and Ceremonies of Funerals. 7. On the Office of High Steward.

Gen. Biog. Dict.

TATE (Nahum), a poet, was the son of Dr. Faithful Tate, and born in Dublin in 1652. He was educated in the college of his native city; after which he visited London, where he assisted Dryden in some of his works. He succeeded Shadwell as poet-laureat, and held that office till his death in 1715. He altered Shakspeare's play of Lear; and wrote several poems; besides which he published "Memorials for the Learned;" but he is best known by

the Version of the Psalms, which he executed in conjunction with Brady. — Cibber.

TATIAN, a Christian writer of the second century, was born in Syria, and flourished about A. D. 170. He taught rhetoric with great reputation, before his conversion ; after which he became the scholar of Justin Mar tyr, and attended him to Rome. On the death of his master, he fell into errors respecting the Logos, and the operation of demons. His "Oratio ad Græcos" was printed at Oxford in 1700, 12mo. - Care. Brucker.

TATISCHEF (Vassili), a Russian writer, who, in the year 1720, began to collect materials for a history of his native country. which he brought down to the reign of Theodore Ivanovitch, when death put an end to his labours, and the remainder was executed by Muller. -Core's Travels.

TATIUS (Achilles), a Greek writer of Alexandria, who is supposed to have lived in the third century. Suidas says, that at the close of his life, he became a convert to Christianity, and was made a bishop. He wrote a Treatise on the Sphere, or rather a Commentary on Aratus, part of which only is extant; but his romance, entitled "The Loves of Clitophon and Leucippe," has been often printed. - Fabricius de Bil Grec.

TAUBMAN (Frederic), a learned critic, was born at Wonscisch, in Franconia, about 1565. He became professor of poetry and the belles lettres at Wittemberg, where he died in 1613. His works are — 1. Comment. in Plautum. 2. Comment. in Virgilium. 3. De lingua Latina disser tatio. . Melch. Adam.

TAULERUS (John), a German mystical divine of the Dominican order. He resided principally at Cologne and Strasburgh, where he was greatly admired as a preacher, and obtained the title of "The illuminated Doctor." He died in 1361. His work, entitled "Theologia Germanica," was praised by Luther and Dr. Henry Mare. — Gen. Dict.

TAVERNER (Richard), a protestant writer, was born at Brisley, in Norfolk, in 1505 He was educated at Cambridge, from whence he removed to Wolsey's college at Oxford, where he took his master's degree in 1550 He afterwards studied the law in the Inner Temple, and became clerk of the sigact In 1539 he published an edition of the English Bible; for which he was sent to the Tower, but was soon released. Esward VI. gave him a licence to preach, though he was only a layman; and when high sheriff of Oxfordshire, in the reign of Elizabeth, he delivered a curious discourse before the university. He died in 1575 Taverner published some religious pers and translations. — Wood.

TAVERNIER (John Baptist), a travies,

was born in 1605 at Paris, where his father dealt in maps, which created in the son an inclination to visit foreign countries. In the course of forty years, he went six times into Turkey, Persia, and the East Indies, as a trader in jewels, by which means he gained a great estate, and received letters of nobility from Louis XIV. At the latter end of life, his affairs becoming embarrassed, through the misconduct of a nephew, he undertook a seventh journey to the East, but died at Moscow in 1689. He was a Protestant, and offended the Jesuits by some observations in his travels, the first edition of which appeared at Paris in 1676, in 3 vols. 4to. Moreri.

TAYLOR (Brook), a mathematician, was the son of John Taylor, esq., of Bifrons, in Kent, and born at Edmonton, in Middlesex, in 1685. He was educated at St. John's college, Cambridge, where he took the degrees of bachelor and doctor of laws. He also became a fellow and secretary of the Royal Society, but resigned the latter office in 1717. He was a frequent contributor to the Philosophical Transactions, besides which he published" Methodus Incrementorum;" and a work entitled "New Principles of Linear Perspective." He died in 1731, and was buried at St. Anne's, Soho. Dr. Taylor left several manuscripts, one of which, entitled "Contemplatio Philosophica," was printed in 1793, with the life of the author, by his grandson, sir William Young, bart.

TAYLOR (Henry), a divine of the church of England, who, though an Arian, died possessed of the livings of Cranley and Portsmouth, in Hampshire, in 1785. His works are-1. “ Essay on the Beauty of the Divine Economy." 2. Ben Mordecai's Apology for embracing Christianity, 4to. 3. Thoughts on the Grand Apostacy, 8vo. Gent. Mag.

TAYLOR (Jeremy), an eminent prelate, was born in 1613 at Cambridge, where his father was a barber. He received his education in the free-school of his native place, after which he became a sizar of Caius-college, where, in 1631, he obtained a fellowship. At the age of twenty-one he took his master's degree; and on being admitted to orders became so excellent a preacher, that archbishop Laud made him his chaplain, and nominated him to a fellowship in All-Souls' college, Oxford. He was also appointed chaplain to the king; and in 1638 was presented to the rectory of Uppingham in the county of Rutland, from whence he was obliged to remove in the rebellion. In 1642 he published a Vindication of Episcopacy, for which he was honoured with a doctor's degree at Oxford; and he continued to employ his pen in the same cause till about 1646, when the state of public affairs obliged him to retire into Wales, where he kept a school at Newton in Caermarthenshire, till

the zealots, whom he had provoked, interdicted him from teaching. The earl of Carbery, who admired his learning, and pitied his misfortunes, admitted him into his house as his chaplain, at Golden Grove, near Landilo; where he wrote his "Liberty of Prophesying," in behalf of toleration. His next production was "The Great Exemplar, or the Life of Christ;" and in 1650 he published the most popular of all his works, "The Rule and Exercises of Holy Living." The same year he suffered a great loss in the death of the countess of Carbery, whose funeral sermon he preached and printed.. About this time he wrote his "Rule and Exercises of Holy Dying," which was followed by several books of devotion and sermons. In 1655 he printed his "Unum Necessarium, or the Doctrine and Practice of Repentance," which involved him in a controversy with bishop Warner and Dr. Sanderson, who considered the chapter on original sin as heterodox. While this dispute was going on, Dr. Taylor was confined in Chepstow castle, on the charge of being privy to an insurrection of the Royalists. On recovering his liberty, he went to London, where he was sent to the Tower, because his publisher had prefixed a frontispiece to one of his books representing the Virgin and Child. His imprisonment, however, was not long, and he appears to have been indebted for his deliverance to Mr. Evelyn, with whom he kept up a constant correspondence. In 1657 he collected several of his works into one volume, folio, under the title of " Polemical and Moral Discourses." This year he accompanied lord Conway to Ireland, where he completed his "Ductor Dubitantium, or the Rule of Conscience," which was printed in London in 1660. At the restoration he was made bishop of Down and Connor, with which he held the see of Dromore, and the vice-chancellorship of Trinity-college, Dublin. He died at Lisburn, Aug. 13. 1667, and was interred in the cathedral of Dromore, — Life by Bonney.

TAYLOR (John), called the Water Poet, was born in Gloucestershire about 1580. He received his education at Gloucester, after which he became apprentice to a waterman; but in 1596 he served in the fleet under the earl of Essex, and was present at the attack upon Cadiz. After his return he plied on the Thames; and collected the lieutenant of the Tower's demand on wines imported into London. He also stiled himself the "King's Water Poet," and the "Queen's Waterman;" but when the rebellion began, he retired to Oxford, where he kept a public-house; as he afterwards did near Long Acre. On the death of the king, he put up the sign of the Mourning Crown, which being obliged to take down, he hung up his own portrait, with some