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wisdome, assistance, or whatsoever may be available for the designe in you or your friends: be valiant for the truth then, in so doing you shall joy us, deliver our brethren, and prove yourselfe an everlasting, reall, and constant friend to the Church of Rome.

"G. SARTWELL, REDMOND. "Your friends, E. T. W. S. M. O. joyne." "Articles of high consequence against Colonell Lunsford, late Lieutenant of the

Tower.

1.

That he hath trecherously conspired against this City of London, to subvert the same, and endeavoured to plant the ordnance in the Tower against it, diverse labourers being found there transporting powder, and other ammunition, to the Bulwarke and high Tower.

"2. That he hath laboured to alienate

the Parliament from the King, speaking invective words, and scandalous aspersions against them, and by this means to make them become odious unto his Majesty.

3. That he hath endeavoured to sub

vert the fundamental lawes of the Kingdome, to the utter demolition of the State.

46

4. That he hath studied with great sedulity to advance the see of Rome, and to supplant the pure sanctitie of the Protestant Religion.

5. That he hath produced many Popish innovations and Idolatrous superstitions into our Church, labouring to bring schismaticall divisions and Hereticall opinions amongst the people.

"6. That he hath endeavoured to maintaine the Episcopall Hierarchie and prelaticall Primacie, opposing the determinations of the Parliament.

"7. That he hath gathered a regiment of horse, being all Papisticall adherents, with an intent, if that they cannot obtayne the fruition of their so devillish intentions, to innovate the Popish Religion, that then to force it in hostile manner, and thereupon have linked themselves in the Irish Covenant."

After the dismissal of Essex's guard from its attendance upon that factious Parliament, which now no longer cared to veil its spirit of democracy, the tumultuous citizens daily assembled in Westminster-hall, vociferating the cries of "No Bishops,' ""No rotten-hearted Lords," and threatening the spiritual peers and others, on their passing to and from the House. It chanced that the Hall was thus filled, when, on Dec. 27, SirThomas, with a party of friends to the number of thirty, passed through, on his way from an examina

tion in the House of Lords;* and, tempted perhaps to take an opportunity of wreaking his revenge upon some of those who had been instrumental in ejecting him from his office, he drew his sword. The apprentices rallied round their fellow-citizens, and Lunsford, being joined by fresh recruits from several of the lately disbanded regiments, and numerous young gentlemen from the inns of court, the. affair begun to hold a serious aspect. In the evening, we find the former party complaining to the Lords, by the gentleman usher of the Black Rod, who had been sent from the House to command them to their homes, that they feared to separate, as Sir Thomas and his companions still occupied the Hall, and wounded all who attempted to pass that way.†

The next morning, Sir Thomas, together with Captains David Hyde and Scrimshaw, Mr. Thraile, and others, were summoned to attend the bar of the House of Commons, and the citizens were desired to be present in evidence. Captain Hyde-with whom originated the epithet of Roundhead, and who was about to proceed to Ireland on a military appointment-was cashiered from that service. The punishment attending Lunsford and his other associates in this outrage, is not mentioned.

Among those of the Roundheads who appeared at the bar of the House, was the after celebrated Lilburne, then a young man; who, in a much later period of his life, took credit to himself for being one of the two or three men who first drew their swords upon Sir Thomas and his party.

There is a full-length engraving of Sir Thomas, published at this time, which I have seen. In the back-ground, is represented a church and a town on fire; a soldier pursuing a female with a drawn sword; another drawing a female by the hair. Under the portraiture is the following lines:"I'll helpe to kill, to pillage, and destroy All the opposers of the Prelacy. My fortunes are growne small, my friends I'll venture therefore life to have redress;

are less,

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Clarendon informs us, that when the Lord Digby offered to seize the five Members, and bring them before the King, or leave them dead in their lurking-places, he included Sir Thomas in the select company of gentlemen who were to abet him. Certainly, to assist in such an undertaking, the zealous Digby could not have fixed upon one more eminently fitted, either by temper or audacity, than his protegé.

On the 8th of the following month, an order was issued by the Commons, for the apprehension of some of Sir Thomas's followers, who were in place about the Queen's court; an order which probably contributed to the acceleration of Charles's departure from London: whence, apprehensive of danger from the enraged multitude, he proceeded on the 10th, with his Queen and family, under the escort of Lunsford, and some thirty or forty of those disbanded officers who had been in attendance at Whitehall since the tumults at Westminster, for his palace of Hampton Court.

No sooner was this removal made known, than, to employ the words of Hume, the most unaccountable panics were spread throughout the nation." Petition after petition poured in upon the Commons, demanding the instant organization of troops for the defence of the nation against the machinations of the papists-and an imaginary invasion. The cavalcade that accompanied Charles on his journey was magnified into an army levied against his Majesty and his Kingdom!

Of Lunsford and his companions, at this time, on the 12th, came information to the Lower House, that they, with the Lord Digby, were at Kingston, whence they were expected to make for the Lord Goring, then governor at Portsmouth. This information led to the immediate formation of a

committee, which sat in the Court of Wards the same day, and examined certain inhabitants of Kingston concerning it. From this sitting, the Committee reported to the House, that there were about 200* men in the town

*This number was by some reported at five hundred.

in question, who were officers, and that it was full of horses-they stated that the officers were armed with pistols, and that they carried themselves in a disorderly manner, to the terror of the people. Lord Digby they reported there, on horseback and armed, accompanied by Sir Thomas Lunsford and his two brothers. Two cartloads of ammunition were said to be on their way to them.

What else was wanting to the terrorists? Digby, known at the time to be landed in Zealand, though reported at Kingston-by one, in a coach with six horses; by another, armed and on horseback- was immediately, with the subject of our memoir, proclaimed a traitor-and warrants were accordingly ordered to be prepared for their several arrests. On the day following, an order also proceeded, calling upon the justices and trainbands of the various counties to suppress all unlawful assemblies. The trainbands of Sussex and Hampshire were directed by this order to Kingston; there to disperse the assembled Cavaliers, and to seize upon their ammunition. Notice was directed to Goring, desiring him by no means to deliver the town, over which he presided, unless ordered so to do by the King and both Houses.

The following contemporary account of Sir Thomas's arrest, is as circumstantial as it is interesting :

A Speech made by Sir Thomas Lunsford, Colonell, when he was apprehended; with a full relation, where, when, and how, he was taken; by the courage, magnanimity, and wise care of one master John Benham, officer to the honourable House of Commons: as may appeare by divers, both in Windsor and Maidenhead; of whom it is held in admiration. London: printed, anno Domini, 1642.

A warrant issuing forth out of the Honourable House of Commons, for the apprehending, and bringing in of Sir Thomas Lunsford, Colonell, before the Hunt, Esquire, Sergiant at Armes to House and being directed to Mr. John that Honourable House; to his deputie, or deputies: requiring the assistance of all Sheriffes, Justices of Peace, Cunstables, and other officers for ayd therein, with all possible dilligence.

This warrant (as it appeareth) was committed to the charge, and care of one Mr. John Benham, an officer to the said

House, on Fryday the 14 of Jannuary 1641; whose care herein, whose stout courage, discretion, and dilligence, is had in admiration of those, whose eyes and eares both saw and beheld the same; who being come [to] Winsor, the place where Sir Thomas Lunsford then was, he repaired to the magistrates of Winsor aforesaid, and declared to them his message, requiring their ayd and assistance, who being very forward to doe what lay in them, entertained the message with all respect that could be; but after debate upon the matter, conceiving that great danger might ensue of doing of his office there at that time, both because in every inne in the towne there was so many Caviliers, and many other respects which they drew up in a certificate directed to the Honourable House of Commons, and after many disswasions of people thereabout, the said officer forbore that night; but using all the care and dilligence that could be, he laid wait about the towne to have knowledge in the case he should goe away from thence: himselfe being much sought to, to keepe himselfe as private as possibly he could for feare of danger.

The next day being Saturday, it was told to the said officer about noone that Sir Thomas Lunsford was gone away in his coach, as it was imagined towards Bilinsbeare, because his coach was seene to goe into the forrest, which way the said officer hasted after him; who leaving the road some two miles, chanced to come to Maydstone,† in which Towne he enquired for the Cunstables, but they were at a market from home at that time; but the chiefe officer that was then at home there was called the Warden, of whom he required ayd, and producing the warrant was by him read, and after he had taken the said officer Mr. John Benham, his name, and read the warrant, he was very ready to doe him what assistance he could.

The People in the Towne they came forth in multitudes to enquire the businesse, soe the Warden with a Pettie Cunstable and with some other of the Towne, being partly resolved for the businesse; some of them (by the way) demanded of the officer, if in case either losse of life or of limbs, or the like, should befall them, they being poore men, what recompense should be made to them, their wives, or children?

Billingbeare was the mansion of the Neville family, which was that of Sir Thomas Lunsford's wife. One of the contemporary pamphlets, however, calls it Sir John Thorowgood's.

† An evident mistake for Maidenhead.

But the said officer answered them to this effect:

"Friends,

"Consider the Cause! Feare not to venter both limbs and life in a good cause. Can you undertake a better worke than for God, your King, and Country? Let me tell you one thing; I speak unfainedly! There hath not yet any man that hath undertaken any thing for the House, but were well rewarded for it; you shall fare no worse than my selfe; I will leade you on by the helpe of God. What danger soever can befall you, myselfe shall first meete with, neither will I by God's helpe leave you till as I shall bring you on, soe also I shall bring you off againe; therefore, be of good courage, trust in God, and feare not."

They then would needs know whither they must goe; which he being unwilling that any of the towne should knowe, for divers reasons, was neverthelesse constrayned to tell them, before they would consent to goe; yet had they still noe agillity in them to hasten about the worke, soe he spake to them againe to this effect. "Mr. Warden:

"This is not a businesse to be delayed. I assure you, if you will not goe, I must be forced to complaine to the House of Commons of your negligence and disesteeme of their Warrant in a businesse of so great concernment: if you doubt of any thing, therein you are not resolved, take Sir Edward Sawyer's in your way, and speake with him. It may be then you will be better satisfied."

Hereupon they were all resolved to goe, to the number of about 24, of whom 5 or 6 rid along with him, the rest went on foote. First to Sir Edward Sawyer's, about a mile and a halfe onward of the way; who, so soone as he understood the businesse, endeavoured to forward the businesse with all speed, animated them on, and furnished them with halberts and petervalls, as well as he could, and sent some of his oune servants along with them: encouraging them all to doe the best service they could, and in case they should want ayd to rayse more with all speed.

From thence they departed towards Billinsbeare, aforesaid, which is a remote place, in the parish of Laurance Walton in the county of Barks, and the waters being then high, they were constrayned in some places to passe over with much difficulty and danger; especially in one Place, where they were all carried on horseback by turnes, on the lustiest and greatest horses.

Comming into the Forrest, the officer perceived the tracke of a coach, which

seemed to him that it was newly made,
and so soone as they came in full sight of
the house, they all stayed one for ano-
ther, for the horse was before those that
came on foot; then all being together,
the officer thus ordered the businesse.

1. Those that rid should up to the house first.

2. So soone as they were rid up, just against the house, that then the foote should march up after them to the house.

3. Whilst the foot were comming up, them that rid to be placed at severall corners about the house, to see that in case any man should come out, notice might be given; which was done according to the direction of the officer.

By that time they were rid up, and placed, and the officer had rid about the house, the foot were come up, and stood together under a high hedge.

The officer alighted from his horse, and calling them to him, desiring to be of good courage and to follow him.

Having entred thorow a great gate, and over a wide courte, they came into the hall, where the officer appointed one part of them to stay, commanding them to let no man passe by, either one way or other; the other part he led with him through another dore, and came into the kitchen, where there were divers serving men, footmen and others, whose swords lay up and down the kitchen; which swords the officer took up presently, and delivered to his own gard, who made use of them, to supply where most need was.

The officer stayed not there when he had taken the weapons, and speaking very little, returned into the hall, knowing that to be no place probable to meet with him for whom he came.

The officer only demanded of an antient man whom he met, where Sir Thomas Lunsford was? who answered as if he knew not whether he was there or not. Then the officer, turning himselfe about, perceived a stout fellow comming along with his sword under his arme, as if he intended to passe through the hall, but he was discerned and stopt. In the meane time, the antient man slipt away through a dore on the right hand, at the upper end of the hall, which the officer perceiving, followed after him, which brought him into a long entry with many turnings. But the officer chanced to look in at the very dore where Sir Thomas Lunsford was setting in a parlour by the fire side, with some other gentlemen with him.

The officer went in with an undaunted courage, close up to him, and before them all spake to this effect:

"Noble Colonell Lunsford, here is a warrant from the Honourable House of

Commons, to apprehend and take you, and to bring you before them; which I hope you will not disobey, nor, I hope, none of these noble gentlemen will offer to resist."

Then he, taking the warrant, read it, and returned it into his hand againe, and spake to this effect:

lingly obey it, being only sorry that such "I have read the warrant; I doe wila guard came along with you; for I protest unto you, as I am a gentleman, that I would have obeyed it, had it been served on me at Winsor, therefore I shall onely desire this favour from you:

"1. That you will discharge your gard. "2. That your selfe will stay here with me untill to morrow morning, when (as I am a gentleman) I will goe along with you as quietly and peaceable as you desire: believe it, you shall not need to doubt of what I say."

This promise was confirmed by the rest of the gentlemen that were with him.

Then the officer, desiring the watchmen them, and gave them ten shillings, proto take notice of what had past, discharged mising them a better reward after his realso came into the hall, and spake before turne to the House. Colonell Lunsford them all, promising as he did before in the parlor, so they departed.

The officer he staid there till next day, which being the Sabbath day, they came but to Winsor, and staid there that night; where the officer was advised by such who tendered his safety, that, as he respected his life, he must be carefull to looke to himselfe there, for he little thought what danger he was in.

But, God blessing him, and being his protector, such was the curteous, modest, and carefull carriage of the said officer, safely brought him to London; and he that the next day, being Munday, he geant at Armes. remains under the custody of the Sar

At Winsor there was then thought to
be about five or six hundred Cavilleres,
and one hundred and fifty horse. About
marched out of the towne presently after,
fifty or three score of which, well armed,
but they met not with him.

A Deo, non a Homine vim suam erat.
Herein God's power was wonderfully seen.
They say,
Not Man, but God, did work to bring him
[thus away.
Finis.

Here, Mr. Urban, I rest my pen :
in another number I propose to give
you the conclusion of the history of
this remarkable man.

Yours, &c.

STEINMAN STEINMAN.

MEMOIR OF THE LATE RICHARD PEARSON, M.D.
(With a Portrait.)

THIS eminent Physician, whose death was recorded in our obituary of last month, and who is justly entitled to rank in the number of those individuals who have done honour to the place of their birth and their profession, was a native of Birmingham, where he was born in 1765, and was nephew of Mr. Aris, the founder of that excellent, loyal, and constitutional paper, entitled "Aris's Birmingham Gazette," and brother of Mr. Thomas Aris Pearson, afterwards the highlyrespected proprietor and editor. He received the early part of an excellent classical education at the Grammar

School at Sutton Coldfield, under the direction of Mr. Webb, father of the Master of Clare Hall, Cambridge, but completed it with Dr. Rose, of Chiswick, for whom and for whose assistant masters he ever retained the deepest sense of gratitude, for the kind and fostering care with which they promoted his love of knowledge, and especially his study of ancient literature, which through every succeeding period of his life was the object of his warmest admiration, and formed one of the principal delights of his seasons of leisure. Agreeably to his own ardent wishes, he was designed for the medical profession, for which he had cherished an early attachment, manifested even in his boyhood by a taste for botany and an insatiable curiosity to understand and examine the structure of animals. Accordingly, at the usual period he entered upon the study of medicine, having been placed by his guardians (his parents being dead) under the tuition of Mr. Tomlinson, an enlightened practitioner in Birmingham, nor was he long in justifying his choice of a profession and affording an earnest of his future excellence therein, for in the first year of his novitiate, a gold medal, being the first proposed by the Royal Humane Society, for the best dissertation on the signs of death with reference to its distinction from the state of suspended animation, was unanimously adjudged

Dr. Pearson's family, on his father's side, was Gloucestershire; on his mother's, Berkshire.

to him. An estimate of this his earliest literary production, at the age of seventeen, may be formed from the following address of Dr. Hawes, the President and Founder of that Society, on awarding the prize, which was received by his brother :

"Sir,-To you, on the part of your brother, we present this gold medal as a tribute justly due to his industry, abilities, and philanthropy. In addition, we beg to inform him that a decision in his favour by such truly respectable and excellent characters as Dr. Lettsom, Dr. Fothergill, Dr. Jebb, and Dr. Whitehead, when so many well written essays were opinion, stamp his merit with the world offered for their judgment, will, in our and with the profession. We hope that this early success will lead to more important exertions, to fame, and to fortune; and that he will feel, in its fullest extent, that first of all rewards, the internal satisfaction of having contributed to the happiness of mankind. Present him, Sir, with our best thanks for his valuable remarks, and our best wishes for his welfare, advancement, and reputation."

Stimulated, no doubt, by this high acknowledgment of his early merit, and anxious for more enlarged opportunities of improvement in his profession, he, at his own earnest desire, and with the approbation of his disinterested master, who released him from all engagements, was removed to Edinburgh, at that time in the zenith of its fame as a medical university. Of this period of his life we need only say, that he obtained his Degree with honour; that he numbered among his college friends those distinguished individuals Sir James Mackintosh, Dr. Beddoes, Dr. Duncan, and other equally eminent men; and that, besides the usual course of medical study, he acquired great proficiency in natural history and botany, two sciences which

The questions offered to consideration were as follow:-" Are there any positive signs of the extinction of human Îife, independent of putrefaction? If so, what are they? or, if there are not, is putrefaction a certain criterion of death?"

In the year 1786. The subject of his thesis on this occasion was Scrofula; as connected with which he introduced some remarks on pulmonary consumption.

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