rough. Beatty will tell you so.' | grant of 6000l. a year; 10,000l. were aptain Hardy then shook hands with voted to each of his sisters, and and with a heart almost burst- 100,000l. for the purchase of an ag, hastened upon deck; but return- estate. So perfectly had the hero after a while, he congratulated performed his part, that the fleets dying commander on having of the enemy were not merely deed a complete victory, after cap- feated, but destroyed: new navies tring fifteen of the enemy. That's must be built, and a new race of seavel cried Nelson, ‘but I bargained men reared for them, before the postwenty. He then desired Hardy sibility of invading our shores could anchor; but upon being told that again be contemplated. The funeral he command of the fleet had de- of the first of naval commanders was oved upon admiral Collingwood, made a national affair, and took place Not while I am alive! exclaimed at St. Paul's, with a procession the Nelson. Collingwood, however, took most magnificent in the memory of Le command, and in this critical man. situation evinced a degree of prompLtude and nautical skill, which tended greatly to the preservation of the captured vessels, and proved his judg- | ment as a commander. (For this Tamable service he was afterwards promoted to a barony, and died, aged 62, 1810, as in his memoir.) The wounded hero now requested that his body might be conveyed to his parents-not thrown overboard,and stated that he left lady Hamilton and his daughter, Horatia, as a legacy to his country. His articulation soon after became difficult, but he was distinctly heard to say, Thank Gol, I have done my duty. These words he repeatedly pronounced, and were the last which he uttered. This illustrious man's death, in the service of his country, occurred in his 48th year, October 21, 1805. It was long affirmed that the man who had given the fatal wound from the Redoubtable, did not live to boast what he had done. An old quartermaster (as the tale went) had seen him fire, and calling out, That's he-that's he,' two midshipmen aimed at him. When they took possession of the prize, they went into the mizen-top, and found him dead; with one ball through his head, and another through his breast. But there is no truth whatever in the story. All the honours which a great Country could bestow were heaped upon the memory of Nelson. His brother was made an earl, with a WILLIAM PITT (1759-1806), second son of the great lord Chatham, completed his education at Pembroke hall, Cambridge, under Dr. Pretyman, afterwards bishop of Winchester. After making the usual continental tour, he entered at Lincoln's-inn, was called to the bar, 1780, and when he had attended the western circuit once or twice, sat in parliament for Appleby. His first speech was in support of Mr. Burke's reform of finance; and as he also sided with the party wishing for a reform of parliament, he acted as a delegate in one of the assemblies held in Westminster for the promotion of that measure. On the dissolution of lord Rockingham's administration, and the formation of lord Shelburne's, he became chancellor of the exchequer, though only 23, 1782. The general peace which followed, however, was made the ground of censure by a strong opposition; and the cabinet again gave way to the coalition of Fox and North, which, in its turn, through the failure of Mr. Fox's India Bill, restored Mr. Pitt to office, in the far higher capacity of prime minister, 1783, when not yet 24! A fresh parliament, 1786, gave the new minister full power, as the tories, who were now mainly excluded, had hitherto opposed his liberal views; and Mr. Pitt instantly passed his India Bill, establishing the board of control; which was followed by the ingenious, but, as to direct consequences, delu sive scheme of a sinking-fund to liquidate the public debt. A commercial treaty with France followed in 1787; and Mr. Pitt then made vigorous efforts to put down both Russian and Spanish aggrandisement, avoiding, however, a war. With the same firmness he supported the Stadtholder against the machinations of France. In 1788, he evinced his determination to support the constitution, by resisting the doctrine of the opposition, That the regency, during the king's indisposition, devolved upon the prince of Wales by right;' maintaining, with great good sense, that it lay in the two remaining branches of the legislature to fill up the office as they should think proper, though admitting that the prince could not be passed over, in nominating to this post. By the adoption of this principle, he was enabled to pass a bill greatly restricting the regent's power, which the king's recovery rendered unnecessary. The French revolution now broke out, and, as if by magic influence, destroyed the previous bearing of party; the English nation being suddenly and simply divided into the opponents and supporters of French principles. Thus, while a war against anarchy was declared on the one side, with the premier at the head, the friends of rational amelioration, on the other, found themselves unavoidably confounded with a great mass of ignorant and heated characters, who espoused some of the wildest and most visionary notions of the innovators of France. Under this state of things, a vigilant eye and a steady hand were obviously necessary, to steer the vessel of state amid a conflict of opinions so violent and alarming; and the manner in which Mr. Pitt exercised the almost unlimited power he possessed, can scarcely be regarded by any class of men but with admiration. All sober minds must admit that the temporary sacrifices his measures involved-such as restrictions upon personal liberty, the dissemination of high principles of government, and the abandonment of all projects on home reform-saved the country and that Mr. Pitt had the nation with him at the commencement of hostilities with France, is sufficiently certain. In the conduct of the ensuing war,'fearfully as it at first went against us, his splendid abilities shone forth. England's prime minister became the arbiter of nations; in every corner of the habitable globe did his councils either positively direct, or considerably influence the measures of the throne; and his history is therefore the history of all the civilized kingdoms of the world. But to return to his home operations. The suspension of cash payments in 1797, the necessity of attending to home defence, the alarming mutiny in the fleet, and the accumulation of the public burdens, were alleviated by a commercial monopoly, that, assisted by the temporary operation of an unlimited paper-issue, materially modified consequences, both in form and in fact. Soon after the important measure of the Irish union had been effected, 1800, by Mr. Pitt, (whose sole object in which was the extension of good government to Ireland,) the hopeless aspect of the war with France began to turn the national attention towards peace; and Mr. Pitt, sensible that it never could be accomplished on the high terms of his councils, (which were privately known to admit further concession to the Irish catholics), resigned his post, 1801, carrying with him into retirement the esteem of a strong and powerful party, who hailed him as the pilot who had weathered the storm. The peace of Amiens succeeded; and the Addington administration, which concluded it, Mr. Pitt supported for a time, and then joined the opposition, and spoke on the same side with his old antagonist Mr. Fox. The new minister, who had renewed the war, unable to maintain his ground, resigned; and in 1804, Mr. Pitt once more resumed his post at the treasury. Returning to power as war-minister, he exerted all the energy of his character to under the off to test ter se inl; and he found means to engage the two great military powers, Russia and Austria, in a new confederacy, which vas however dissolved by the battle of Austerlitz. Mr. Pitt's health had been sensibly declining for some time; la constitution, weakened by an heeditary gout, and injured by a too beral use of wine, often mingled with laudanum by way of stimulant, was in a most shattered condition; and the intelligence of Napoleon's success, like the last overwhelming wave of the defenceless wreck, extinguished for ever the energies of him whose ambition would have raised his country high above all others, and whose sole earthly object was her glory. He expired at his house at Putney, January the 23d, 1806, aged 47; and the last words which quivered on the lips of the dying patriot, were, Oh! my country That Mr. Pitt was eminently fitted for his elevated station is abundantly evident. He was steady to his principles, and must not be charged with a love of expediency because he maintained the opinion on which he acted, formed as it was after mature deliberation, against all obstacles to the end: his plans were invariably magnanimous, extensive, and noble. In devising the good of England, he went farther than the present moment, and beyond the consideration of her exclusive welfare: he legislated for ages to come, and laboured to bring (under God) ultimate prosperity, not only upon his own native land, but upon Europe and the world. CHARLES JAMES Fox (1748-1806), second son of Henry, first lord Holland, was educated at Eton, and Hertford college, Oxford; and as he displayed great abilities, his father procured him a seat for the borough of Midhurst, 1768, before he was of legal age. In 1770 he was made a lord of the Admiralty, and soon after a commissioner of the Treasury. As a tory he spoke and voted against Wilkes; but having, on some unkrokis ground, oriented lord North, he was, after being a supporter of his administration for six years, so cavalierly ejected, that he changed politics, and became leader of the opposition. During the American war, 1775 to 1782, he was the antagonist of the ministry; and on the removal of lord North, he was made secretary of state. The death of lord Rockingham dissolved the new cabinet; and Mr. Fox, after some time opposing the measures of lord Shelburne, the next minister, returned to power by his well-known coalition with lord North. This event is regarded as a stigma in his political life; as, in the ardour of his zeal, he had often declared he would employ all his powers to bring lord North to the scaffold for the flagitiousness of his public life. The memorable India-bill brought on the downfal of the coalition, 1783, and the elevation of Mr. Pitt to the helm of the state. The French revolution was an event which Fox hailed as the harbinger of freedom, happiness, and prosperity to all Europe; but he lived to witness and own the fallacy of his belief. Deserted by some of his associates, who regarded his systematical opposition as disloyal, he formed the design of withdrawing from his attendance in parliament, except on constitutional occasions; and in his ad dresses at the Crown and Anchor tavern (substitutes for his senatorial services), he gave offence to the ministry, and his name was struck from the list of privy councillors. In 1803 he returned to his seat, and on the death of Mr. Pitt, 1806, was drawn from opposition, and, by the advice of lord Grenville, made secretary for foreign affairs. In this situation he had the opportunity of witnessing the chicane and perfidy of the French government; and he experienced how ill-calculated for the happiness and independence of Europe was the political system of that people, whose extravagancies and crimes had been once honoured as the ebullitions of freemen. Having lived to feel the disappointment which a generous mind must experience in a diplomatic intercourse, conducted on the one part with frankness and sincerity, and on the other with artifice and duplicity, this illustrious statesman fell a prey to the insurmountable attacks of a dropsy, aged 58, 1806, in the same year with his illustrious rival. Highly gifted as an orator and a statesman, Mr. Fox was, in private life, the convivial friend, and the man of integrity and honour. He had been dissipated in youth, and this character necessarily tinged his maturer years; but his faults, as Burke observes, were not formed to extinguish the fire of great virtues.' able numismatic work. His son w: Robert Banks Jenkinson (17701828), who was educated at Chear school, and University college, Ox ford. After filling some of the high est offices in the state, he succeede to his father's title, 1808; and on th assassination of Mr. Perceval, 1812 he became prime minister, and con ducted the affairs of the nation, no only to the close of the war with Napoleon, but far into the reign o George IV.-being only compelled to resign by a stroke of paralysis February, 1827. His death occurrec at the age of 58, 1828. The talents of Lord Liverpool were of the business, not of the speculative order. Steady in views, and upright in inTHE JENKINSONS.-These were fa- tention, the candour he ever dis ther and son, successively earls of played in debate, and the sensible Liverpool. Charles Jenkinson (1727 reasons he advanced for carrying out -1808), eldest son of colonel Jen- his plans, caused him to be regarded kinson, who was youngest son of sir as a cautious and safe director of the < Robert, first baronet of the family, helm; and his general worth being was educated at the Charter-house, acknowledged, this very justly added and University college, Oxford; and strength to the prevailing good opiby family interest became, after hold- nion which he enjoyed, almost withing other offices, secretary at war, out distinction of party, among his 1778. On the dissolution of lord countrymen, to the period of his North's ministry, he joined that por- political decease. To him the church tion of it which supported Mr. Pitt, of England is especially indebted, for under whose auspices he became pre-his judicious appointment of bishops; sident of the board of trade; an office which he held in conjunction with the chancellorship of the duchy of Lancaster, given him 1786; in which year he was created baron Hawkesbury. In 1796 he was made earl of Liverpool, and, as the private adviser of George III., shared in all the obloquy attached to the confidential friends of the Bute administration. Having early devoted his attention to political studies, he became exceedingly conversant with the law of nations, and the principles and details of commerce and political arithmetic; and for his services in these matters, he was rewarded at last with the valuable sinecures of collector of customs in the port of London, and clerk of the Pells in Ireland. He died, aged 81, 1808. His treatise on the coins of the realm is a very valu-after separated from her, and placed selecting them as he did, not on account of birth or political bias, but for their spiritual fitness for the sacred office. MARIE THERESE, PRINCESS DE LAMBALLE, of the royal house of Savoy, was born at Turin, and possessed extraordinary beauty, talents, and virtue. On being left a widow by the death of the duke de Bourbon Penthievre, she became superintendent of the household to queen Marie Antoinette; on whose flight with Louis to Varennes, she proceeded to England. She hastily returned however to Paris, when she heard of the arrest of the royal family by Drouet; and when the queen was sent to the Temple,she heroicallyresolved to share her fate. She accompanied her mistress thither, therefore, but was soon the prison of La Force; and on | dered at Trafalgar; and his conduct Sept. 3d, 1792, was summoned before on that memorable occasion elicited ber self-constituted judges. When from Nelson the most encouraging in their presence, she was required to remarks. On the fall of the great wear that she would love liberty and leader, the command of the fleet deequality, and hate the king and the volved upon him as senior officer; queen; when she replied, 'I will and to his promptitude and skill take the first oath; the second I was owing the preservation of the cannot, it is not in my heart.' One numerous captured vessels. He was, of the bystanders, wishing to save after the battle, made vice-admiral of her, thereupon said, Do however the red, and a peer, by the title of wear and there were many con- baron Collingwood. He died, while nected with the tribunal, who, in like cruising off Minorca in the Ville de manner, desired to spare her. The Paris, 1810, aged 62; and his remajority, however, had resolved on mains were publicly buried at St. her destruction; and some one hav- Paul's. ing called out in mockery, Let madame be set at liberty!' the princess was attacked on every side by sabres, and stabbed to death. Her body being torn piecemeal, her head, heart, and hands, after being paraded upon pike-heads about the streets, were carried in procession to the Temple, to strike terror into the royal prisoners. The extreme bloodthirstiness of the Parisian mob may be gathered from the fact, that there was nothing in the conduct or character of their victim, which could reasonably have excited their anger. She had been uniformly kind and obliging to her dependants, and had ever displayed moderation in the exercise of that power and influence which she derived from her high situation and connexions. In confirmation of this remark, her character has remained free from reproach amid the storms of the revolution; and even her cruel murderers and their abettors have shown respect to her memory in various ways. She died in her 44th year. CUTHBERT COLLINGWOOD (17481810) was born at Newcastle-onTyne, and entering the navy, rose to be flag-captain on board the Prince, admiral Benbow's ship. In 1797 he commanded the Excellent, in the action off Cape St. Vincent; was in 1799 made rear-admiral of the white; promoted to the red 1801; and in 1804 to be vice-admiral of the blue. His most important service was ren In command, lord Collingwood was firm, but mild, most considerate of the comfort and health of his men, and strongly averse from the discipline of flogging. His sailors always called him their father.' As a scientific seaman and naval tactician, he had few if any equals; and in action, his judgment was as cool as his courage was fiery. His mind was enlightened to an astonishing degree, considering the circumstances of his early life and defective education; and his letters to his wife, on the mode in which he wished his daughters to be brought up, while replete with good sense, afford a charming specimen of his amiable character. We will quote one of these epistles,— family letters giving the closest portrait we can have of any man. 'Ocean, June 16, 1806. — This day, my love, is the anniversary of our marriage; and I wish you many happy returns of it. If ever we have peace, I hope to spend my latter days amid my family, which is the only sort of happiness I can enjoy. After this life of labour, to retire to peace and quietness is all I look for in the world. Should we decide to change the place of our dwelling, our route would, of course, be to the southward of Morpeth; but then I should be for ever regretting those beautiful views, which are nowhere to be exceeded; and even the rattling of that old waggon, that used to pass our door at six |