COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS THOMAS E. MORGAN, Pennsylvania, Chairman CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, Wisconsin L. H. FOUNTAIN, North Carolina * JOHN C. CULVER, Iowa LEE H. HAMILTON, Indiana E. ROSS ADAIR, Indiana WILLIAM S. MAILLIARD, California E. Y. BERRY, South Dakota ROY J. BULLOCK, Staff Administrator LOUISE O'BRIEN, Staff Assistant DORA B. MCCRACKEN, Staff Assistant NANCY PEDEN, Staff Assistant PAULA L. PEAK, Staff Assistant DIANE GALLAGHER, Staff Assistant RAY SPARKS, Staff Assistant KENNETH W. CowELL, Clerical Assistant CONTENTS LIST OF WITNESSES Text of paper prepared by Hon. Clement J. Zablocki entitled, "U.S. Policy Text of article from the New York Times, October 24, 1964, entitled "Washington Bars Any New Parley with China's Reds-Terms Peking's 89-92 Text of article from the New York Times, May 12, 1966, entitled, "Rebuff to Peking Confirmed by U.S.-Statement by Chou Evokes Report on UNITED STATES-CHINA RELATIONS: TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1970 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON ASIAN AND PACIFIC AFFAIRS, Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met at 10:12 a.m. in room 2255, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. William T. Murphy (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Mr. MURPHY. The meeting will please come to order. This morning the subcommittee begins a series of open hearings dealing with U.S. policies toward Communist China. The last comprehensive review of United States-China policies by the subcommittee was really in 1966, just immediately before the cultural revolution began. Since that time, there have been a number of significant developments in Asia both on the mainland of China and elsewhere which continue to have important impact on the U.S. posture in Asia. During the next several weeks the subcommittee will examine a variety of broad issues affecting U.S. policies toward Asia including such matters as the Sino-Soviet conflict, Chinese military policies and its nuclear strategy, the Soviet role in Southeast Asia and China's present and future role in South Asia. These issues will be discussed with the subcommittee by some of the Nation's top Asia and Soviet experts and, as I said in announcing the hearings, they should provide the Congress and the public with the best available understanding and insight into what is taking place in Asia today and how the United States should shape its policies in order to cope with those developments. Our subject today relates to the U.S. policy alternatives toward China and we are indeed fortunate to have two outstanding Asian experts to testify: Professor A. Doak Barnett, from Brookings Institution, and Professor Fred Greene of Williams College. Both witnesses will make brief opening statements after which the subcommittee will proceed to question them under the 5-minute rule. I will ask Professor Barnett who has a prepared statement to begin. Professor. STATEMENT OF PROF. A. DOAK BARNETT, BROOKINGS INSTITUTION Professor BARNETT. Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, I am grateful for this opportunity to meet with you to discuss U.S. policy toward China and to examine various policy alternatives which, |