the third end of a comparison. Similes of this kind have, befide, a separate effect: they diverfify the narration by new images that are not strictly neceffary to the comparison : they are short epifodes, which, without distracting us from the principal subject, afford great delight by their beauty and variety:

He fcarce had ceas'd, when the fuperior fiend
Was moving toward the fhore; his pond'rous fhield,
Ethereal temper, maffy, large, and round,

Behind him caft; the broad circumference
Hung on his shoulders like the moon, whose orb
Through optic glafs the Tufcan artist views
At ev❜ning from the top of Fefole,

Or in Valdarno, to descry new lands,
Rivers, or mountains, in her spotty globe.

Thus far thefe, beyond

Milton, b. 1.

Compare of mortal prowess, yet obferv'd
Their dread commander.

He, above the rest

In shape and gesture proudly eminent,
Stood like a tow'r; his form had yet not loft
All her original brightnefs, nor appear'd
Lefs than arch-angel ruin'd, and th' excess
Of glory obfcur'd: as when the fun new rifen

VOL. III.

C

Looks

Looks through the horizontal mifty air

Shorn of his beams; or from behind the moon
In dim eclipfe, difaftrous twilight sheds

On half the nations, and with fear of change
Perplexes monarchs.

As when a vulture on Imaus bred,

Milton, b. 1.

Whofe fnowy ridge the roving Tartar bounds,
Diflodging from a region fcarce of prey

To gorge the flesh of lambs, or yeanling kids,
On hills where flocks are fed, flies toward the

fprings

Of Ganges or Hydafpes, Indian ftreams,

But in his way lights on the barren plains
Of Sericana, where Chineses drive
With fails and wind their cany waggons light:
So on this windy fea of land, the fiend
Walk'd up and down alone, bent on his prey,
Milton, b. 3.

Yet higher than their tops

The verdurous wall of Paradise up sprung:
Which to our general fire gave profpect large
Into this nether empire neighbouring round.
And higher than that wall, a circling row
Of goodlieft trees loaden with fairest fruit,
Bloffoms and fruits at once of golden hue,
Appear'd, with gay enamel'd colours mix'd,

On

On which the fun more glad imprefs'd his beams
Than in fair evening cloud, or humid bow,
When God hath fhow'r'd the earth; fo lovely
feem'd

That landscape: and of pure now purer air
Meets his approach, and to the heart inspires
Vernal delight and joy, able to drive

All fadness but defpair: now gentle gales
Fanning their odoriferous wings dispense
Native perfumes, and whifper whence they stole
Thofe balmy spoils. As when to them who fail
Beyond the Cape of Hope, and now are past
Mozambic, off at fea North-eaft winds blow
Sabean odour from the spicy shore

Of Arabie the Bleft; with fuch delay

Well pleas'd they flack their courfe, and many a league,

Chear'd with the grateful smell, old Ocean smiles. Milton, b.4.

With regard to fimiles of this kind, it will readily occur to the reader, that when the refembling fubject or circumftance is once properly introduced in a fimile, the mind passes eafily to the new objects, and is tranfitorily amused with them, without feeling any difguft at the flight interruption. Thus, in fine weather, the momentary excurfions of

a traveller for agreeable profpects or fumptuous uildings, chear his mind, relieve him from the langour of uniformity, and without much lengthening his journey in reality, fhorten it greatly in appearance.

Next of comparisons that aggrandize or elevate. These make stronger impreffions than any other fort; the reafon of which may be gathered from the chapter of grandeur and fublimity, and, without reasoning, will be evident from the following inftances.

As when a flame the winding valley fills,
And runs on crackling shrubs between the hills,
Then o'er the ftubble up the mountain flies,
Fires the high woods, and blazes to the skies,
This way and that, the spreading torrent roars;
So fweeps the hero through the wafted fhores.
Around him wide, immense destruction pours,
And earth is delug'd with the fanguine fhow'rs.
Iliad xx. 569.

Through blood, through death, Achilles ftill proceeds,

O'er flaughter'd heroes, and o'er rolling steeds.

As

As when avenging flames with fury driv❜n
On guilty towns exert the wrath of Heav'n,
The pale inhabitants, fome fall, fome fly,
And the red vapours purple all the sky.
So rag'd Achilles: Death, and dire difmay,
And toils, and terrors, fill'd the dreadful day.
Iliad xxi. 605.

Methinks, King Richard and myself should meet
With no less terror than the elements

Of fire and water, when their thund'ring fhock,
At meeting tears the cloudy cheeks of heaven.

Richard II. a. 3. Sc. 5.

I beg peculiar attention to the following fimile, for a reason that fhall be mentioned.

Thus breathing death, in terrible array,
The clofe-compacted legions urg'd their way:
Fierce they drove on, impatient to destroy;
Troy charg❜d the first, and Hector first of Troy.
As from fome mountain's craggy forehead torn,
A rock's round fragment flies' with fury born,
(Which from the stubborn stone a torrent rends)
Precipitate the pond'rous mafs defcends:
From steep to steep the rolling ruin bounds:
At every shock the crackling wood resounds ;
Still gath❜ring force, it smoaks; and urg'd amain,
Whirls, leaps, and thunders down, impetuous to
the plain :

There