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Examination Papers.

༡༨

4. 'The principal cause of phonetic degeneracy in language is when people shrink from the effort of articulating each consonant and vowel.'

Are there any phenomena of phonetic change which cannot be fully explained in this way?

5. Apply the principles of comparative philology to an examination of the following words:-άρктоS, Bápβαρος, γίγνομαι, δαήρ, δέσποινα, εἰμί, ἥλιος, ἧπαρ, ἵππος, μοῖρα, ὀστέον, πίπτω, ποῖος, ὕβρις, ὕπνος.

6. Trace the decay of the Latin diphthongs.

7. Explain the various ways in which the perfect tense is formed in Latin. Illustrate from Greek.

8. By what arguments has the existence of the digamma been established? In what authors are traces of its use to be found?

No. XIII.

I. What is the locative case?

2. Analyse the forms amaverimus, lapidum, alicubi. 3. Explain the formation of calumnia, convicium, drachuma, facilumed, sepulcrum, stolidus, Vertumnus,

auctumnus.

4. Give some account of the formation of adverbs. 5. Explain, with instances, Anacoluthon, Zeugma, Pleonasm, Irony.

6. Translate the following sentences, so as to show the meanings of the middle voice :

(1) πᾶν σοι φράσω τἀληθὲς οὐδὲ κρύψομαι.

(2) καὶ ὁ μὲν ἐδίκαζε, ἡμεῖς δ ̓ ἐδικαζόμεθα· καὶ ὁ μὲν ἐπεψήφιζε, ἡμεῖς δ' ἐψηφιζόμεθα· καὶ ὁ μὲν ἔλεξε ἡμεῖς δὲ διελεγόμεθα.

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100

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Historical and General Questions.

2. Trace the establishment of the Roman rule over Italy, or over Spain, Gaul, and England.

3. What was the nature and value of the influence of the Papacy when at its height?

4. Estimate the importance in European history of the Edict of Nantes and its Revocation.

5. What changes in the boundaries of European states would be introduced by adopting the principle of Nationalities?

6. What do you know of any three of the following : -Themistocles, Demosthenes the Orator, Pyrrhus the Epirot, Q. Fabius Maximus Cunctator, Herod the Great, Agricola, Charlemagne, Hildebrand, Francis Bacon, Grotius, Burke?

7. Sketch briefly, fixing as many dates as you can, any two of the following:

(a) The Wars between Greece and Persia.

(b) The Crusades.

(c) The fifteenth and sixteenth centuries as an age of discovery.

(d) The Thirty Years' War.

(e) The French Revolution and the First Empire.

CXX.

1. Trace the territorial increase of Prussia, since it became a kingdom. What are its claims, apart from the sword, to the first place in Germany?

2. It is the tendency of every nation to depreciate the share of its allies in any common achievement.' Illustrate from the military history of Rome and of England.

3. The most effective national boundaries under various conditions of civilisation.

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Arithmetical.

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61

4. A bankrupt pays 5s. 9d. in the pound; if his assets were 500l. more, he would pay 6s. 5d.: what are his assets and his debts?

5. Find the present worth of 1227. 16s. due 7 months hence at 4 per cent.

6. Potatoes are bought at 10d. the stone, and have to pay a duty of 17. the ton; if they are sold at ind. the lb., what is the profit per cent. ?

7. Find the compound interest on 5000l. for 4 years at 5 per cent.

8. Find the value of 3840 articles at 19s. 11 d. each. Three purchasers divide them in the proportion of 3, 4, 5: what will each pay?

9. Extract the square root of 196, 33—13.

10. I sell out 12500l. from the Three per Cents. at 96; I invest one-third of the proceeds in Egyptian Six per Cent. Bonds at 125, and the remainder in land which yields 24 per cent. net. What is my difference in income?

11. What quantity of Turkey carpet is required for a room 20 feet 4 inches long, and 18 feet 8 inches broad, allowing a margin of 2 feet 8 inches all round? Find also the number of tiles each 8 inches by 4 which will be needed to fill this margin.

XXVII.

1. Find by Practice the cost of 4 cwt. 2 qrs. 12 lbs. at 41. 13s. 4d. per quarter.

2. Reduce of Id. to the fraction of 17s. 6d.; and find what fraction 6 oz. 15 dwt, is of a lb. Troy.

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the Law of Real Property.

45

10. So that, in process of time, copyhold tenure must disappear from our present modes of holding land.” Explain this historically.

Ste. 645. Williams 356–358.

11. Trace and account for the gradual conversion of strictly servile occupation into certain and heritable

tenure.

Ste. 214 et seq.

Williams R. P. 336-339. Digby 41 et seq., 109, 213

222.

CHAPTER XVIII.

INCORPOREAL HEREDITAMENTS.

(Stephen's Commentaries,' 647-693, 7th ed.; 666-712, 6th ed.)

I. Distinguish carefully between a corporeal and incorporeal hereditament, and comment on the principle adopted as the basis of division.

Ste. 647. Austin 372, 708. Williams 10. Digby 229.

2. In the transfer of incorporeal property, when alone and self-existent, formerly lay the distinction between it and corporeal property.' Explain this. Williams II, 231. Ste. 511. Digby 128, 331 (7), 328 (4).

3. Define an easement, and distinguish easements from profits. Is a right to draw off water from a well in alieno solo a profit or an easement?

Ste. 648. Race v. Ward, 4 Ell. and Bl. 702. Goddard on 'Easements' 1, 2. Digby 127.

4. Sketch the history, and give an outline of the leading principles, of the law relating to rights of

common.

Digby 134-137. Ste. 649-657. Lord Hatherley in Warrick v. Queen's College, L. R. 6 Chan. App. 720. Maine's 'Village Communities' 85 et seq. Elton's Law of Commons' ch.

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The Old Testament.

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Enhakkore (Spring of the crier), where God provided Samson with water from the jawbone of an ass.

Gilgal (Rolling), where Joshua circumcised the second time the

children of Israel.

'And the Lord said unto Joshua, This day have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt from off you. Wherefore the name of the place is called Gilgal unto this day.'

Helkath-Nazzarim (The field of the strong men), where twelve men of Judah encountered twelve men of Benjamin, and none of either party survived. This event was the prelude to a battle in which Joab and the men of Judah defeated Abner. Jehovah-jireh (God will provide), the scene of Abraham's meditated sacrifice of Isaac.

'My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt-offering.'

Jehovah-nissi (Jehovah my banner), an altar built by Moses to commemorate the defeat of the Amalekites by Joshua at Rephidim.

Jehovah-shalom (Jehovah is peace), an altar built by Gideon when he received the divine call in Ophrah.

And the Lord said unto him, Peace be unto thee; fear not thou shalt not die.'

Mahanaim (Two hosts), where Jacob met a host of angels on his return from Padan-aram.

'And when Jacob saw them, he said, This is God's host; and he called the name of that place Mahanaim.'

Peniel or Penuel (The face of God), where Jacob wrestled with an angel.

'And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel; for I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved.'

Perez-Uzzah (The disaster of Uzzah), where Uzzah was struck dead on touching the ark of God which David was removing to Jerusalem.

Many halting-places of the Israelites had names conferred on them by Moses to commemorate particular events: such were Marah bitter, Massah temptation, Meribah strife, Taberah burning, Kibroth Hattaavah graves of lust, Hormah utter destruction.

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