ought not to abandon its authority (and in such a case to hesitate is to give way)—once admit that some coercive measure is. required, and the objections to the measure proposed-such as the danger of enforcing it, which is nothing; the fear that it may be permanently enforced, which could only be effected by a fresh Act of Parliament; the difficulty of determining whether to cali it a penal measure, or a measure of general policy (seeing that. it is in fact a measure of general policy, brought on by the misconduct of the parties whose privileges it happens to interfere. with)—these and the like objections may be safely left to themselves. The advantages, direct and collateral, which would have flowed from such a measure to Jamaica first, and through her to all our West Indian possessions, would be a more fruitful topic. But it is idle to dwell upon them now, since the occasion for securing them has been so miserably thrown away. The mischief is already done, and will hardly be retrieved. The Bill now. before Parliament, if it be allowed to pass, will save something from the wreck. Three important measures will be gained; but the rest is to be left to chance. The management of this most critical time, in which five-sixths of the people of Jamaica are passing from slaves into citizens-in which 'the full light of liberty is suddenly let in upon the scarcely unsealed eyes;' *—this most, difficult and delicate task of securing to the negroes the enjoyment of real freedom, and at the same time making it their real interest, and making them feel and understand that it is their real interest, to remain in the condition of a labouring peasantry in the service of their former masters- -a task requiring, if ever any did, both strength, and skill, and zeal-is to be trusted to the present House of Assembly;-a body how qualified at any time for such a task we know too well, and now worse disposed than ever ;-irritated by opposition, insolent from a victory over the Government, and emboldened by a belief that Parliament no longer cares, or no longer dares, to interfere. Meantime, this very body is standing on the brink of a vast, a sudden, and (cheerfully as our Conservatives regard it), we must add, a very perilous change. For one or two years more, it will continue to represent the existing constituency of 2000 whites, who were slave-drivers a few months ago; the year after, that constituency may be augmented by an overwhelming and rapidly increasing majority of blacks, who a few months ago were slaves. Who can tell how such a change

such a Government no white man could have remained in Jamaica! The Duke's authority is fairly against us, we admit. But no authority can give weight to such an opinion.

* Canning in 1823.

will work hereafter, or how the temper of the Assembly may be affected by such a prospect now? Thanks to the Conservative party, we have lost the means of watching and guiding the present, and of preparing to meet the future. A competent Legislature on the spot, desiring the real welfare of the whole community, and able not only to make laws but to superintend their operation, and remodify them as occasion may suggestable to feel their way as they proceed-they will not let us have. For what to them is the good of a distant colony, though linked with the prosperity of a mighty cause, when weighed against the inconvenience of a majority for Ministers! This is our loss. Something, however, we have gained, which may turn to advantage hereafter;-a distinction between the characters of the two political parties which divide the nation, more deep and vital than any which their recent disputes have turned upon. Much as the present Ministry have been taunted with tenacity of office, with over-readiness to sacrifice party measures rather than fall in defending them, and with the slenderness of the differences which separate them from their rivals-we now know that there is at least this difference between the parties-that when the interests of a great colony are at stake, the sacrifice of which will involve no general unpopularity, no loss of party favour, nothing more and nothing less than the abandonment of a great public duty, the Whigs will not sacrifice them for the sake of office, and the Tories will.

No. CXLI. will be published in October,

INDEX.

ABBOT, Mr, see Lord Tenterden.

A.

Adventure, H. M. S., voyage of. See America, South.

America, South-Narrative of the Voyages of H. M. S. Adventure and
Beagle, by Captains King and Fitzroy, and Charles Darwin-motives
which determined the Lords of the Admiralty to make an accurate
survey of the coast, 467, 468-headquarters of the expedition fixed at
Port Famine, ib.-account of Sarmiento's attempt to colonize this
quarter in 1579, 469-an officer of the Beagle ascended De la Cruz,
and found on its summit a glass bottle, etc., 469-471-intercourse kept
up with the Patagonians, ib.—scurvy breaks out in the crew, ib.--leave
for Rio de Janeiro, 473-crew recover, and return, ib.-discovery of
two great inland lakes, named Otway and Skyring waters, ib. -ad-
venture with the natives-robbery by them of a boat, and hostages re-
tained for it, 474-hostages brought to England-educated, 475—and
sent home, ib.-survey of the Beagle Channel, 477—resembles, on a
great scale, Loch Ness in Scotland, 478-extract as to the natives edu-
cated in England, and probable results, 479-nature of the country, and
character of the inhabitants in the Straits of Magalhaens and Tierra del
Fuego, 480-482-good harbours, with plenty of water and fuel, 482-
enter Berkeley Sound in the Falkland Islands-attempt made to colonize,
484-proposed penal settlement, 485-general geological features of
South America, 486, 487-western coast of South America affords indi-
cations that the continent has, within a recent geological period, risen
from the ocean, 489-beneficial impulse given to the country by the
energy of British residents and merchants, 491-visit Tahiti morality
of the island undergone great improvement, 492-danger of missionaries
intermeddling in politics, ib.-visit the Keeling Islands, coral forma-
tion, theory, 492, 493.

Ancient Scottish Melodies, with Introduction, etc., by William Dauney, 192.
See Scottish Melodies.

Angeville, (Comte A. d') Essai sur la Statistique de la France, etc. 49-74.

See France.

Anson, George Lord, Life of, by Sir John Barrow, 126. See Barrow.
Architecture, Mr Gally Knight on, 74-inaccuracies of Mr Hope's draw-
ings, 75-Mr Knight's conclusions as to the Architecture of the Nor-
mans, 77-78-most remarkable remains in Sicily described, 77-83-en-
quiry into the Anglo-Norman style, 84-parallel between the language
and the architecture of Rome, ib.-Imperial Romanesque style, 85- Ro-
manesque barbarous style, 85, 86-effect of the institution of societies
and colleges for the furtherance of the art, 86-88-inferiority of the
Norman art, cause of, 88-What is Norman taste or art? 89, 90-en-
quiry into the progress of the Gothic style, 90-97-where did the Gothic
style originate? 97, 98-- influence of the Society of Free-Masons on the
progress of Architecture, 98-103.

Arrowsmith's, J., map of South America, deserves the highest commen
dation, 490.

Araucanians, character and appearance of, 488-490.

B.

Barrow's, Sir John, Life of Lord Anson, 126-peculiar privileges he pos-
sessed in procuring the necessary documents and information, 126-130
—-early life of Anson, 130, 131-abilities and education of young seamen
considered, 131, 132-Anson's Voyage, written by Colonel Robins,
133-his ships badly crewed, 134-rank his officers attained in the ser-
vice, ib.-incidents in his voyage, 135-137-discussion on scurvy—
plans pursued by Cook, Anson, and others, for preserving the health of
the seamen, 138-141-errors which the defective state of navigation and
nautical science led them into regarding their latitude and longitude,
141, 142-method of ascertaining the latitude and longitude, 142, 143
-naval college at Portsmouth, 143-what the education of naval officers
ought to be, 144, 145-plan pursued by some officers in examining
their midshipmen, 145-warlike services of Lord Anson, 145-147—
state of the Navy at the present time (1838), 147-149-Anson appointed
first Lord of the Admiralty, 149-state of the then dock-yards, 149-151
-trial of Admiral Byng, 151-153-comparison between Anson and
Howe, 154-155-effect of fighting in line of battle, 155.
Beagle, H. M. S., voyage of. See America, South.

Beaumont, M. De, hypothesis as to the ages of the Plutonic rocks, 437,

438.

Belgium, railways in, compared with those of England, 179-184.
Biographical Treasury, 1-49.

Blair, Lord President, sketch of, 31, 32-Professor Playfair's brief cha-
racter of, 281, 283.

Boué, M., on the Geology of Scotland and Germany, 460-464.

Brogniart, M., on the Plutonic Theory, 459.

Byng, Admiral, questions connected with the fate of, 151–153.

C.

Canada, opinion expressed by Earl St. Vincent regarding, 41.

Challenger, British frigate, wrecked on the Araucanian coast, 488-gene-
rosity of the inhabitants, 489.

Charles I. and the Scottish Commissioners, 106-correspondence with
Montrevil—falsehood of Clarendon, 106-111-Scotch Commissioners
fulfil their promise to the King, 111-118-eharacter and conduct of the
two Murrays, 118, 119-bad faith of the Commissioners towards the
English Parliament, 119-121-religious opinions of Charles I.-the
Scotch, and English Presbyterians the great drawback towards ending
the civil wars, 121-125.

Channing, Dr, false taste of his compositions, 214-224-his critique on the
writings of Milton criticised, 226-230.

Chiloe-inhabitants a mixed progeny of Spanish and Indian blood-all
Christians, 488.

Chronometrical Observations-value and importance of-and general accu-
racy, 493.

Church Missionary Society, send a missionary to Tierra del Fuego, 477—
his reception there, 478-leaves the island, ib.
Church and State, considered in their relations, by W. E. Gladstone, 231
-ends of government, 235-237-doctrine that the duties of government
are paternal, and as such should hold one religion, considered, 237-241

-unity of action in large bodies without unity of religious views, 242-
245-would a government, proposing to itself the propagation of re-
ligious truths as one of its principal ends, lead the people right or wrong?
245-247-argues that conformity to the religion of the state ought to be
an indispensable qualification for office, 248-persecutions world thus
be justifiable, 248-251-Mr Gladstone upsets his principles by the
reasons he gives against persecutions, 251-256-allows to the Hindoos
a privilege he denies to others-reasons for, 256-258-considers the
contract with the Scotch Kirk as unjustifiable, 259-what religion ought
a government to prefer? 260-right of private judgment, 260-263-
apostolic succession, what does it prove? 264-268-unity of doctrine
considered, 268-272-censures the Indian government for distributing
a small sum among the Catholic priests, 272, 273-reviewer's views
respecting the alliance between church and state-end of government,
273-275-religious instruction of the people, 275, 276-persecution
against property or person for religion is indefensible, 276-civil
disabilities indefensible, 276-no religious instruction ought to be
pressed on a people when likely to lead to public disorder, 276, 277—
religion of the majority ought to be the established religion, 277, 278-
grounds on which the present establishments might be upheld, 278,
279-principles on which a statesman may come to the conclusion that
they ought not to have been established, 279, 280.
Clarendon, Life of, by T. H. Lister, 104, 125.

Composition-critique on the false taste displayed in the writings of Chan-
ning and others, 214-230.

Corsica, character of its people, 73.

Cuvier's Eloges of De Saussure, Werner, and Desmarest, &c., 457, 458.

D.

Darwin, Charles, naturalist of the Beagle-see America, South-account
of the plains of South America, 485-description of the Araucanians,
488-opinion as to the upraising of the land-and other geological fea-
tures, 489-491.

See Scotish Melodies.

Dauney's, William, Ancient Scotish Melodies, 192.
Deerbrook, a novel of Miss Martineau. See Martineau.
D'Hallory, M. D'Omalius's essay on the origin of Valleys, 419-420.

E.

Education necessary for a Naval Officer, 143-145.

Elizabeth, Queen of England, conduct and character of, 373-treatment of
Queen Mary, 374-liberties she allowed the Earl of Leicester to take,

379.

Ellenborough, Lord, sketch of, 23-28.
Erskine, Henry, sketch of, 29-31.

F.

Fénelon, de la Mothe, diplomatic correspondence-commencement of a
series of documents relating to French missions to England and Scotland
during the sixteenth century, 365-family of Fénélon-state of parties
upon his mission to England in 1568, 369-conduct and character of
Elizabeth, 373, 374-her treatment of Mary of Scotland, 374-con-
versation between Fénélon and Elizabeth as to an alliance with the French
king, 375-Leicester's influence over Elizabeth, and character, 378-

orted conversation between Norfolk and Leicester as to the latter's