Boucher, Jonathan, loyalist divine, Saxon scholar, Blencogo, 1758. Dalton, John, divine and poet, Deane, 1709. Eaglesfield, Robert, founder of Queen's College, Oxford (died about 1370).Egremont, William, schoolman, Egremont (flourished 1390). Fletcher, Abraham, mathematician, Little Broughton, 1714. Foster, Elizabeth, martyr, Greystock (burnt in Smithfield 1556). Gilpin, Richard, divise, author of "Satan's Temptations” (died 1657). Gilpin, Sawrey, artist, painter of animals, Carlisle, 1733. Gilpin, William, divine and tourist, Scaleby Castle, 1724. Graham, George, mathematical instrument maker, Horsgill, 1675. Harvey, Thomas, divine and stenographist, Dovenby, 1740. Herebert, St. friend of St. Cuthbert (died 688). Hudleston, John, catholic priest, préserver of Charles II. Greystock, 1608. Hudson, John, critick, editor of Josephus, Widehope, 1662. Hutton, Sir Richard, judge, Penrith (died 1638). Langbaine, Gerard, divine and antiquary, Kirk-Bampton (died 1657). Layburn, Roger, Bp. of Carlisle, near Carlisle (died 1509). Leake, John, physician, founder of the Westminster Lying-in Hospital, Ainstable, 1729. Nicolson, William, Abp. of Cashel, antiquary, Orton, 1655. Porter, George, civilian, Weary Hall (died about 1635). Reay, William, divine, author of "Sermons," Nether Denton (died 1756). Ritson, Isaac, translator of Homer's Hymn to Venus, Penrith. Seed, Jeremiah, divine, Clifton, 1605. Senhouse, Richard, Bp. of Carlisle, Netherhall (died 1626). Simpson, Bolton, editor of Xenophon, Redmain, 1717. Simpson, Joseph, editor of Epictetus and Theophrastus, Redmain, 1710. Taylor, John, lived to the age of 135, Garragill, 1638. Tickell, Thomas, poet, Bridekirk, 1686. Todd, Hugh, miscellaneous writer, Blencowe, about 1652. Whelpdale, Roger, Bp. of Carlisle, logician and mathematician (died 1422). MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS. From Whitehaven a packet to Man, of which isle it is intended to give a separate account. Nov. 13, 1771, Solway Moss overflowed, covering and destroying every thing within a space of 500 acres. "The wizard Michael Scot" was a monk of Holme Cultram about 1290.The theologian Paley was rector of Salkeld, vicar of Dalston and Addingham, and archdeacon of Carlisle; his "Horæ Paulinæ," "Evidences of Christianity," "Sermons," ""Moral and Political Philosophy," were composed at Carlisle. He was buried in the Cathedral.— Tarn Wadling Lake and Castle Hewin are the scene of a ballad in Percy's Collection, entitled "Sir Gawaine's Marriage." .”—“ Adam Bell, Clym o' th' Clough, and Wyliam of Cloudeslee," three Cumberland archers and outlaws, are but little inferior in ballad celebrity to Robin Hood and Little John. BYRO. DERBYSHIRE. SITUATION AND EXTENT. Boundaries. N. E. York. N. W. Chester. East, Nottingham. South, Leicester. S. W. and West, Stafford. Greatest length 55, greutest breadth 33, circumference 204, square 1077 miles. Province, Canterbury. Diocese, Lichfield and Coventry. Circuit, Midland. ANTIENT ANTIENT STATE AND REMAINS. Station. Derventio, Little Chester. British Inhabitants. Coritani. The Lead Mines of this County were worked by the Romans. Repton was the burial-place of the Mercian Kings Merewala and Ethelbald. St. Alkmund's Church, Derby, contains the remains of Alkmund, son of Alured King of Northumberland. PRESENT STATE AND APPEARANCE. Rivers. Trent, Derwent, Dove, Wye, Errewash, Rotber, Henmore, Mease. Natural Curiosities. Buxton, Matlock, Kedleston, Quarndon, and Heage Seats. CHATSWORTH and Hardwick Hall, Duke of Devonshire, Lord Lieutenant of the County. Alder waslee Hall, Francis Hurt, esq. Chaddesden, Sir Robert Mead Wilmot, bart. Darley Hall, Robert Holden, esq. Locko, William Drury Lowe, esq. Shipley Hall, Edw. Miller Mundy, esq. Tissington, Sir Henry Fitzherbert, ht. Members to Parliament. For the County, 2; Derby, 2: total 4... Manufactures. Stockings, Calicoes, Thread, Silk, Iron, Spar Ornaments, Malt. Hundreds, 6; Parishes, 116; Market-towns, 11; Houses, 36,854. Families employed in Agriculture, 14,283; Trade, 15,825; in neither, 7,332: total, 37,440. Baptisms. Males, 2,682; Females, 2,699.-Marriages, 1,383.- Burials, Males, 1,790; Females, 1,856. Towns Total, Towns, 14; Houses, 9,495; Inhabitants, 46,163. HISTORY. Anno 873, Repton was the head winter-quarters of the Danes. 918, Derby taken from the Danes by Ethelfleda by storm. 1261, at Chesterfield, Robert Ferrars, last Earl of Derby, defeated by Henry, son of the King of the Romans. From 1568 to 1584, at Wingfield, Chatsworth, Buxton, and Hardwicke, Mary Queen of Scots confined under the custody of the Earl of Shrewsbury. 1643, May, near Chesterfield, Parliamentarians defeated by the Earl, afterwards Duke, of Newcastle. 1688, at Whittington, the Duke of Devonshire, the Earl of Danby (afterwards Duke of Leeds), Sir John D'Arcy, and others, met and concerted the Revolution; solemnly commemorated in 1788, and a Sermon preached by the venerable Dr. Pegge. 1 1745, Dec. 4, Prince Charles Edward Stuart, with his army, about 7100 men, entered Derby, their nearest approach to London; haited on the 5th; commenced their retreat towards Scotland on the 6th. BIOGRAPHY. Agard, Arthur, antiquary, Foston, 1540. Ashburne, Thomas, opponent of Wickliffe, Ashborn (flourished 1382). Bagshaw, William, nonconformist divine and author, Litton, 1628. Bott, Thomas, divine, Derby, 1688. Brindley, James, canal engineer, Tuusted, 1716. Buxton, Jedediah, calculator, Elmeton, 1707. Cockain, Sir Aston, poet, Ashbourn, 1606. Coke, George, Bp. of Hereford, Trusley (died about 1650). Coke, Sir John, secretary of State, Trusley (died 1644). Curson, Roger, cardinal, Pope's legate, Croxhall, temp. Henry III. Denman, Thomas, physician and accoucheur, Bakewell, 1733. Farneworth, Ellis, translator, Booteshall, about 1710. FITZHERBERT, Sir ANTHONY, judge, author of "De Natura Brevium," Norbury, about 1470. Fitzherbert, Nicholas, biographer of Cardinal Allen, Norbury (drowned 1612). Fitzherbert, Thomas, jesuit, polemic writer, Norbury, died 1640. FLAMSTEED, JOHN, astronomer, Derby, 1646. Gray, William, Bp. of Ely, Lord Treasurer, Codnor (died 1478). Halifax, Samuel, Bp. of St. Asaph, Chesterfield, 1730. Hardwick, Elizabeth, Countess of Shrewsbury, foundress of Chatsworth and Hardwick, Hardwick, 1520. Hierom, John, nonconformist divine and author, Stapenhill, 1608. Hutton, William, antiquarian tourist, Derby, 1723. LINACRE, THOMAS, founder of College of Physicians, Derby, 1460. Oldfield, John, nonconformist divine and author, near Chesterfield, 1627. Pursglove, Robert, suffragan Bishop of Hull, Tideswell (1579). Seward, Anna, poet, Eyam, 1747. Shaw, Samuel, nonconformist divine and author, Repton, 1635. Strutt, Strutt, Jedediah, mechanist, Normanton, 1726. Swetman, Thomas, nonconformist divine and author, Derby. Tallents, Francis, divine, author of "Chronological Tables," Pelsley, 1619. WILLOUGHBY, Sir HUGH, naval discoverer, Risley, 16th century. Wood, John, nonconformist divine and author, Chesterfield (died 1690). MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS. Bronchocele an endemic complaint of this County. The first silk-mill in England was established at Derby by John Lombe in 1717.-The machinery of Cromford cotton mill is described by Darwin in his Botanic Garden. Thomas Parker, first Earl of Macclesfield, Lord Chancellor, practised for many years as an Attorney at Derby. John Whitehurst, the mechanick and philosopher, lived there 40 years.-Wright, the painter, was born, lived, and died there.--Dr. Erasmus Darwin spent the last 21 years of his life, and composed the major part of his works in that town. In Melbourn Castle, John Duke of Bourbon, taken prisoner at Agincourt, was kept in custody 19 years.-At Norbury is the Monument of Sir Anthony Fitzherbert.-At Hardwick died, and at Hault Hucknall was buried, Thomas Hobbes, the philosopher of Malmesbury. Bradshaw Hall was the residence of the Regicide President.-At Wirksworth Sir Richard Arkwright, inventor of the Spinning Jenny, practised as a barber. At Wooton Hall, Hume procured a retreat for Jean Jacques Rousseau, where he lived from March 1766 to April 1767. In Hathersage Church-yard is the grave of Little John, the coadjutor of Robin Hood. --- At Ashbourn is a beautiful monument in memory of Penelope, daughter of Sir Brooke Boothby.---Whittington was the rectory and residence of the learned antiquary Samuel Pegge. Mr. URBAN, Dec. 15. DURING URING a trip into Worcestershire this summer, on professional surveys, I at intervals made the following few memoranda : Kidderminster Church first attracted my attention: its dimensions are considerable, and gives in the plan a body, side ailes, chancel, and Lady's chapel. At West end a lofty square tower much decorated, in which are triformed niches with statues. Battlements compartmented with tracery of four turns; excellent tracery to windows; style, fourteenth century. On all this, Innovation has laid its hands; some of the statues are gone, many battlements renewed with modern vulgar coping heads, tracery much pared down, and magnificent East great window filled up. Interior. According to the usual method, when square towers distinguish the West end of Churches, as making part of that front, the great arch of West window, and those of tower, North, East, and South, imparting a superior degree of grandeur, have, when open to view, a high effective appearance; here such sensa BYRO. Clusters of tion was in full force. columns and arches divide the body into three ailes, and a grand ditto gives entrance into the chancel. Late innovations are in a manner fatal to the antient importance and symmetry of the uprights. Arches of tower stopped up with galleries, and that preposterous object an organ-box; East window entirely (as before noted) closed up side ailes and their decorations nearly hid from view by pews and galleries. Covering over head, whatever form it might have assumed, done away, and a clean flat modern drawing-room ceiling, with roses for chandeliers, substituted. There are four or five large and much-enriched monuments, having recumbent sta tues, from style of fourteenth cen tury to sixteenth ditto. The earliest of them, being in the full Edwardian design, is of course elegant to a degree; containing a tomb, on which is a most chastely costumic attired female statue in the best preservation. This is guarded round by open arches, but tresses, pediments, spires, and battle ments in the groin-work of general canopy, profuse tracery. How will it be credited, that so much of beauteous art is to be hunted for, and with difficulty found, in an obscure Southeast corner of the South aile of thebody, nearly blocked up in its lower lines by pews, and its terminating lines by gallery ceiling! It is not to be doubted but the me chanick who has thus been exercising his skill about this Church, went on with his ready hand, as we find set up here and there pew-fences, standards, and awnings, in the true Gothic (bastard Pointed architecture) guise. The pulpit, according to London modern Church pleasantry, is also placed directly before the altar, and the Ladychapel is converted into a schoolroom. On South side of the Churchyard is the base of a grand Cross. As the Arley Hall. A good family residence of the reign of Elizabeth; a body and two bow wings. surrounding country is of a romantic cast, some well-arranged works, on a true imitative castellated idea attached to the elevation, would not come upon the eye without their due effect. Contiguous is the Parish Church of the neighbouring village. Though not on so large a dimension as the one just particularized, it has many pleasing properties; shews two distinct styles in two ailes: that South, Edwardian; that North, early Tudor. There are some remarkables in the upper tier of windows, a long square head, and tracery of a very uncom mon turn within it: walls battlemented. West end of South aile a square tower, its parapet degraded with modern balusters; the only innovation, however, of any direct seeming. Interior: Nothing done of late times to offend Antiquarian predilection, but what may with ease be set to rights, by removing a hutch ringing-gallery in the tower, whereby the whole of the West window would then, as formerly, be on view, with the assimilating attending arches, &c. A good sculpture of a cross-legged knight, now laid on sill of ditto window, to be removed also to some appropriate part of the ailes-then every line of the scene might bear well on old recollection and old feelings. sides: tracery to windows excellent and well preserved. : Passing on towards Stratford-uponAvon, encountered on the left one of those modern piles called a Castle, or any thing that Whimsicality can raise up to humour the imagination fond of trifles and fantastic shew. It is said to be in part an original Tudor erection be it so; but if to stick a line of modern windows and gables as wings, and half-renovated Tudor windows in centre of elevation in an assembly octangular bow, sided by turrets, having a multiplicity of useless sham modern windows and notched battlements, can make it so, why then the Castle fancy is effected, and all are satisfied. Stratford-upon-Avon. Classic ground; far-famed by all for dramatic excellence; still let not its architectural merits be unheeded. Two Churches, the smaller one containing many prepossessing features, and well demands particularizing; but the short time opportunity afforded bound me more immediately to the larger fabrick, rendered hallowed by being the sepulchral inclosure of the remains of the immortal Shakspeare. Dimensions great; plan, a cross; transepts much extended, and Our Lady's chapel hanging over the brow of Avon's murmuring stream. The elevation maintains two distinct styles, early Pointed, and that of the fourteenth century. The tower, in centre of the building, being part of the first construction, bas capped battlements; general cornice, machicolations supported by costumic heads. First story of the tower, semicircular headed windows, filled in with treble columns, or early conceived mullions, and Pointed heads in two divisions for light. Second story; circular windows, deep and imposing architraves, and the tracery edging the openings for light most pleasing, and varied ou each front of the tower. Having a dis tant prospect of making a more decided survey of the entire Church the ensuing summer, I shall at present only allude to windows of the transepts, which are in possession of all that pre-eminent and profuse display of mullions and tracery so characteristic of the period second in historic consideration, as hinted above. Yours, &c. J. CARTER. Mr. |