dation. Thence, at four in the afternoon, rode on to Matlock-bath, over the lower part of the Peak, which is a barren mountainous heath, where in a few huts they burn furze, &c. into ashes for soap: the roads within two miles of this place are so full of large loose stones, that it is impossible to ride down the hills, but one is forced to alight and walk. The Bath stands at the end of a winding terrace, on the right of which is a monstrous perpendicular rock covered with trees; and at the foot of it the river Darwent runs very shallow over a parcel of loose rocks, which make a continual cascade. We are about 30 in family at an ordinary in an Assemblyroom; mostly people of the country, and few strangers. Lord Chancellor Bowes dined here yesterday, and went on for London. We have been this morning to Matlock Church, which is fuller than one would have expected inthe Peak."

"Manchester, July 25, 1760.

"Dear Sir, I left Matlock on Tuesday morning, to see the Duke of Devonshire's at Chatsworth. This is a large handsome house, with very fine tapestry and carving in the inside, and fine waterworks in the gardens; particularly a temple, which, from a variety of statues, &c. throws out water for a very large cascade; a willow-tree, made of copper, which drops water from every leaf, but is now much out of order; and two fountains, one of which throws the water 90, and the other 70 feet high, like pillars of smoke., Thence I went to Buxton, a warm bath frequented by perSasons that have rheumatic complaints. Here was Miss Chudleigh, with her sister, &c. who went on Wednesday to a concert at Matlock. In this neighbour hood I saw Poole's Hole, a long dark cave underground, the entrance into which, for about ten yards, requires one to stoop very low; but further on it is very high, and full of great rocks covered with petrified water, in various shapes, to which they give the names of the Lion, the Flitch of Bacon, the Organs, the Haycock, the Bee-hive, Poole lying in state, his Horse, Saddle, Chair, Bedchamber, and Shelf; all which are more like the things they are called after than you would imagine. On Wednesday I 4 rid to see another cave, called The Devil's A, which, going and coming, is near a mile long; much larger than the former: in the mouth of it live poor people who make ropes; and, after going a little way, we lay down in a trough like a shallow bathing-tub, with candles in our hands, and were shoved under a rock which touched our noses, by a man who walked knee-deep in the water; further on is another river, over which I

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went on the man's shoulders, but walked through it on stones at my return: between these two waters is a high kind of gallery to the right, where the boys clamber up and sing, for the sake of the echo, which is very fine. Further on we walked down a steep bank of wet sand, and then on the high narrow bank of a brook, till we came to the third river, which touches the rocks above, and here all closes; which the man proved by kicking the water straight on, which, after some minutes, is heard to rebound from the rock with a great noise. In the way to this cave I saw on a hill a great cleft in the earth, which goes slanting down to the depth of 128 yards, and ends in a prodigious large cavity below. Thus have I made the tour of the Peak, and seen all its wonders, without the least accident to self, Richard, or horses, though the roads are excessively steep, and full of loose lime-stones.

Manchester is a prodigious large town; contains 30,000 inhabitants, 4 churches, and 10 chapels of ease; yet is but one parish, which reaches nine miles round; the greatest part of it is new and wellbuilt, consisting of the dwelling and warehouses of the traders, who deal in fustians, tapes, ticking, and checks.”

"Stone, July 29, 1760

"Dear Sir, On the 26th I came to Warrington, where there is a famous manufactory of huckabeck, pins (which are sold for two shillings and fourpence a pound), glass, and copper. There is a large Meeting, and an Academy kept by Dr. Taylor of Norwich, who has two or three Professors under him, all in very handsome houses. Thence I went to Prescott, where is a great pottery; and on Saturday to Liverpool, where I spent Sunday. It is a handsome town, but rather dirty, by the number of sailors in the trade; the river Mersey lies at the back of the town, and fills the Docks, which are very large, and full of ships. There have been several batteries erected last year, for fear of the French fleets; and they are going to make more. On Sunday morning, about 10 o'clock, a Greenland ship came in, and fired seven guns as a signal that she had taken so many whales, and was saluted by the bells of the principal Church; this was agreeable entertainment; and, after service was over, I walked down to the Dock to see her. I returned to Warrington yesterday, and am now on my way home across Cheshire and Staffordshire. The Cheshire roads are very deep in dust, and the middle paved like London streets, but through a fine cultivated country, though the towns do not stand at all thick. I am now going to dinner

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of the same shape on their points. In the sides of every window are six niches, and in the lower, or basement part of the Chapel, fourteen, making the whole number of niches on the front, which originally contained figures, thirty-eight. The canopies of all these are nearly alike, the difference being only in their ornaments. The pedestals to sustain the figures are remarkably elegant, particularly those rising from the base. To endeavour by words to bring a Reader's mind to conceive the magnificence of this design, and exquisite delicacy with which every part is executed, would be vain and unsuccessful. A brief summary of its composition could not do justice to so much grandeur and beauty, and an extended description would at best do little towards its illustration. Every effort of ingenuity and skilful workmanship have here been exerted to their ut most, and it is unquestionably one of the most extraordinary examples of design and sculpture in existence. On the most scrupulous examination of the smallest part or ornament, whether a canopy, a crocket, a single leaf, or the smallest moulding, the character and precision are equally the same. The roof of every canopy differs in design, as also the minute animals in their positions attached to the arches. Nor is the interior of this Chapel less beautiful or deserving of notice than the exterior, although less enriched. You ascend to it by several stone steps, through a door in the first division from the West angle. The roof is ornamented with an almost infinite variety of compartments divided and subdivided, connected by knots of leaves, and having various enrichments. The niches at the East end are as delicate and beautiful as ingenuity could make them, and the internal parts of their canopies rival any thing of the kind. Behind the altar of this Chapel is a small oratory, or closet, to which the founder resorted for devotion. It has no other ornament than a large niche (belong ing to the more antient screen), which bas been mutilated.

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The Monuments of Cardinal Beaufort aud Bishop Waynflete are situated each under corresponding arches of the aile of approach to the Lady Chapel; a part built by Bp. Godfrey de Lucy, whose plain tomb rests in the centre of his work, between these two

sumptuous memorials of his succes sors. The general character and ar rangement of the parts and ornaments of these monuments bear great resemblance: the former is more simple in design, more chaste in its ornaments, more delicate and beautiful in its execution. But a very few years elapsed between the time of their building; and it is really astonishing that we should observe so much dif ference in two works so nearly resembling in form and arrangement, and which appear to have called forth all the invention and ability of the Archi tects and Sculptors: this movement must certainly be considered retrograde, and it is an early example of the taste for enrichment, which, after a time, overcame that elegant simplicity, and suitable proportion of ornament, which marked the best period of our National Architecture.

Cardinal Beaufort's Monument is on the South side. The sumptuous canopy covering the tomb and figure of this extraordinary man rests upon eight clusters of delicate pillars, dis posed four at the angles, and two intermediate on each side. At the basement all round is an open pan. neled stone fence, inclosing the tomb. Each front of the monument has a large and two smaller arches, the lat ter divided in height and width; and these contain the doors; but the former are open. These arches and pillars sustain the canopy, of matchless elegance and beauty, the pinnacles of it rising to the roof of the buildings. This most elaborate part of the design consists wholly of clusters of large niches, divided into smaller niches, with intermediate compartments and other ornaments, supported by flying-buttresses, sometimes united, and in many places single; there terminating with pinnacles, and the niches, with others proportioned to their size: -the whole decreasing in height from the centre to the shape of the arch and roof, under the centre of which it stands. The ends of the monument are united with the clus ters of columns supporting the arches of the aile; thereby separating them, and leaving only a uarrow division on either side. The figure of the Car dinal rests on a square tomb, which is handsomely ornamented with quatrefoil compartments, deeply cut, and having at the back a thin plate of gilt brass: he is represented with a

pleasing,

pleasing, placid, and dignified countenance, and is properly habited: the feet rest against a modern uncouth stone, bearing the arms. The extent of violence upon the more delicate embellishments of this superb monument has been such, as to have left not a single niche, and scarcely one pinnacle entire. Many of the fallen fragments lie in an adjoining Chapel. Bishop William Waynflete's Monument, on the North side, corresponds with Cardinal Beaufort's, and is of the same proportions, uniting in a similar manner with the arches and columns of the aile. The canopy of this monument is raised upon eight pillars, in the manner before described, with arches over them; but in the lower part is an additional screen to the sides, which incloses the tomb, interrupts the view of the figure, and renders the design more complex. This is one peculiar difference between these rival monuments; and another is in the angular clusters of columns, each of which have a large niche, canopy, and pedestal, rising from the base. The upper part, or canopy, unlike that of Beaufort's, consists of perforated compartments, highly embellished with canopies and pinnacles; the rangement and form is the same, and a more particular description would be a repeating of almost the same words: let it be said, that with nearly the same proportious, and number of compartments, are more ornaments, which are more minute, and, it must be confessed, less simply elegant than the other; but they have not been designed with less care, or executed with less skill. The figure of the Prelate lies on a tomb, supported at the angles by wreathed pillars, and having square compartments at the sides and ends, inclosing under quatrefoils branches of lilies his favourite device, and seen in all the buildings raised by this munificent Prelate, particularly at Magdalen College, Oxford. He is episcopally habited, bearing the crosier in one hand, and on his head the mitre. The expression is dignified; the eye-brows arched, the forehead wrinkled, and the mouth drawn down at the sides. The nose was mutilated in the Civil Wars, aud its restoration is a great disfigurement to the countenance. There is something so worthy, amiable, benevolent, and truly good, in the charac

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ter of this Prelate; something so beneficent in all his actions, and so magnificent in all his designs; that one cannot speak of him without enthusiasm, or reflect on his name without uniting to it every virtue which ennobles human nature, and every. worthy quality which will distinguish his memory to the latest period. Few have left a more unclouded character behind them, and very few have left so many extensive, lasting, and useful memorials of true piety and learning as Bp.Waynflete. While during his life he promoted Religion and Science, he laid the foundation, and allotted the establishment, for their continuance and advancement in ages when he should be no more: and the most useful of these now flourish, perpetuating and blessing the name of their Benefactor, and advancing the glory and greatness of the Country. J. C. B..

PERMIT me to make a few ob

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servations on the letter of A. H. to the Bp. of Lincoln, p. 322. That Bishop, I doubt not, will give a full answer to bim whenever the occasion is important enough to call for it; but, as I think he will deem the letter of A. H. not worth notice, I cannot forbear to point out his misrepreseutation, misconception, and inconsis tency. It has been publicly stated in the Newspapers, he says, that his Lordship had signified his disapprobation of the British and Foreign Bible Societies, but it had not been accompanied with his reasons for that determination; yet in the same column he takes the liberty to supply the reason himself, namely, that he had joined the opinions of Bishop Marsh, that to spread the Scriptures withouk note or comment over all lands, is injurious and dangerous to the Church of England. Having supplied this reason for the Bishop, he proceeds to conclude from it that the Bishop is an enemy to the dispersion of the Bible; that he would approve of Roman Cutholic restrictions; and that he would hide from others the Key of Divine Truth, and the knowledge of their Redeemer. Like Mr. Scott against Dr. Mant, he first mis-slates what has been said, and then argues from false premises; and I much question whether they do not both belong to the same fraternity; for, after what A. H.

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has said, I cannot make much dependance upon his profession, that he prefers above all things in this Country the worship of the Church of England. So much for misrepresentation.-Now for misconception. Supposing the Bishop had avowed the above reason for his disapprobation of the Bible Societies, I should put a very different construction upon it, and I will venture to draw my construction from A. H.'s own words. He says, the Bible Society have never objected "that any of their members may add the Liturgy or Tracts which are furnished by the funds of other Societies." Here then it appears, that the members of the Church of England who subscribe to the Bible Society, are by so doing enabling the Dissenters to spread their Tracts to the subversion of the Church; for though each party may disperse their own Tracts, yet it is well known that a hungry Opposition is more active than those in Place. It is not the dispersion of the Bible that could ever be supposed to be injurious to the Church of England; she can have no apprehensions from being confronted with the Scriptures: but what she has reason to object to is, that her children's bread is thrown to the dogs; that the funds of her charity are mis-spent, which ought to be applied to a much better purpose than that of scattering pearls before swine from one Pole to the other; for A. H. seems to represent the Society with a satchel of Bibles at her back, and a label hanging from her mouth with these words:

Jam Dædaleo ocyor Icaro
Visam gementis littora Bosphori,
Syrtesque Getulas canorum

Ales, Hyperboreosque campos. Me Colchus, et qui dissimulat metum Marsæ cohortis Dacus, et ultimi Noscent Geloni, &c.

HOR. 2 Od. xx. This may be a pretty fancy for the Poet's imagination to dwell upon, but can be of little avail towards converting the ignorant Pagan multitude, as A. H. supposes.

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Charity should begin at home, and with those of the household of Faith: the Pagan world, no doubt, will be called in their due season. There are still enough of the untaught in, and ignorant of, their duty to God and man in this Country for the exertions of all the charity we have to bestow;

yet even to these it would be useless to give Bibles; it would be beginuing at the wrong end. Does not common sense dictate that they should first be taught to read, and be instructed in, the principles of their duty, and that those principles should be such as are interwoven in the Constitution of their Country? This is the only way to make them good Christians and good subjects.- now come to his inconsistency. He tells the Bishop, his descent from them, meaning Christ and his Apostles, must be sanctified by the same Evangelical Truth, meaning the Scriptures, free from, though assisted by, the studies of men devoted to their service; and in another place, "if his studies and deep researches had been denied to him as dangerous to his Church, or if he had been confined to one Teacher, or to any one set of Commentators, he would not have attained his present knowledge of Divine Truth”—what then is this but to acknowledge that study and research are necessary to understand these Divine Truths? and how are we to be assisted by the studies of other men, if we are denied to research their comments? Without comments even the learned might say, with the Treasurer of Queen Candace, "How can I understand, unless some one should guide me?" Yet he may be supposed, from the office he held, to have been a man of some learning; and, from his reading the Bible, to have had a desire to understand it, particularly as he had been up to Je rusalem for the express purpose of worshiping after the Jewish rites. Yet A. H. says, disperse the Bibles, and let all who read them judge for themselves. Now can he be absurd enough to mean this? Does he not rather mean that they should reject the comments of our Reformers, as well as the Fathers, and listen to those of every tailor and sboemaker who thinks proper to become an expounder? This is the fashion of the day. Mankind will no longer (as St. Paul tells Titus) bear sound doctrine, but having itching ears, will heap to themselves Teachers; for they go to Church not to worship, but to hear some novel doctrine, by which the commandments of God are rendered of no effect, and a dead Faith, even such as the Devils must have, is with them a sufficient title to salvation.

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