Whitehurst, John, mechanic and philosopher, Congleton, 1713. Whittingham, Wm. Dean of Durham, translator of Geneva Bible (temp. Eliz.) WILSON, THOMAS, Bp. of Sodor and Man, Burton Wirral, 1663. MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS. In the Chapter-house of the Cathedral lie the remains of Hugh Lupus, and five other Norman Earls of Chester. Randle, Earl of Chester, being besieged in the Castle of Rhudland by the Welsh, was relieved by an army of Minstrels, and other Vagrants brought from Chester fair, by Ralph Dutton; for which service Randle conferred upon him and his descendants the jurisdiction of all Minstrels and Vagrants in this county, a privilege since frequently recognised by Parliament, a clause "Saving the rights of the Duttons" being inserted in many of the Vagrant Acts. At Bunbury is the monument of Sir Hugh Calveley "The Cheshire Hero." His countryman and companion in arms, Sir Robert Knolles, was so famous for the destruction of buildings during his campaigns in France, that the sharp points or gable ends of overthrown houses in that kingdom, were jocularly styled "Knolles' mitres." The story of Robert Nixon "The Cheshire Prophet," said to be born near Vale Royal, appears, from the researches of Lysons, to be wholly legendary, The widow of Milton resided at Nantwich, and died there March 1726. CORNWALL. SITUATION AND EXTENT. Boundaries. North and N. W. Bristol Channel. East, Devon. South and S. W. English Channel. Greatest length 79; greatest breadth 43; circumference 250; square 1407 miles. Province, Canterbury. Diocese, Exeter. Circuit, Western. ANTIENT STATE AND REMAINS. British Inhabitants. Cornubii, and their conquerors the Danmonii. Roman Province. Britannia Prima.-Stations. Voluba, Grampound. Halangium, Carnbrè. Uzella, Lostwithiel. Musidunum, Stratton. Saxon Heptarchy. During this period the Cornish Britons generally retained their independence, but were occasionally subject to Westsex. Antiquities. The Hurlers, the Crellas, Dance main, Boscawen Un, Boskednan, and Botallak Druidical Circles. Pendarvis Quoit, Lanyon Quoit, Trevethey Stone, and Chûn Cromlechs. Carn Boscawen. Piran Round, and St. Just Amphitheatres. Obelisk on Carraton Down. Chûn, Carnbre, Launceston, Trematon, Tintagel, Pendennis, Pengerswick and Restormel Castles. St. Germains, Moorvinstowe. Launceston, Truro, St. Cleer, Bodmin and Kilkhampton Churches. Tower of Probus Church, Bodmin and St. Germains were Episcopal Sees. PRESENT STATE AND APPEARANCE. Rivers. Tamar, Camel or Aian, Fal, Looe, Fowey, Lynher, IIêl, Heyl, Tidi, Cober, Seaton, Torridge, Bude. Inland Navigation. St. Columb, Polbrook, and Tamar-manure Canals. The eight first-mentioned Rivers. Lakes. Lo and Dozmerry Pools. Eminences and Views. Brown Willy 1368, Carraton-hill 1208, Kil-bill 1067, Henborough 1034, Cadouborough 1011 feet above the level of the sea. St. Agnes Beacon; St. Kit's-hill; Godolphin-hill. Natural Curiosities. St. Michael's Mount. Lizard Point the most Southern, and Land's End the most Western land, in England. Cape Cornwall, Rame-head, Deadman's-point. Falmouth and Fowey Harbours. Entrance to Boscastle and Portraeth. Kynance and Lamorna Coves. Roche Rocks, Treryn Rocks, and Logan Stone; the Cheese Wring; the Tolmen; the Soap Rock. Wells of St. Cleer; St. Keyne, and St. Cuby. Seuts. Cotele-house, Earl of Mount Edgecumbe, Lord-Lieut. of the County. Anthony House, Reginald Pole Ca- Carclew, Sir William Lemon, bart. Clowance, Sir John St. Aubin, bart. Menabilly, Philip Rashleigh, esq. rew, esq. Boconnoc House, Lord Grenville. Pendarvis Pendarvis House, John Stackhouse, esq. Penquite, James Rashleigh, esq. Trelawney House, Rev. Sir Harry Trenant Park, Sir Edw. Buller, bart. Tehidy House, Lord de Dunstanville, Tregothnan, Viscount Falmouth. Whiteford, Sir Wm. Pratt Call, bart. Members to Parliament. For the County, 2; Bodmin, 2; Bossiney, 2; CalJington, 2; Camelford, 2; East Looe, 2; Fowey, 2; Grampound, 2; Helston, 2; Launceston, 2; Liskeard, 2; Lostwithiel, 2; Newport, 2; Penryn, 2; St. Germains, 2; St. Ives, 2; St. Mawes, 2; St. Michael's, 2; Saltash, 2; Tregony, 2; Truro, 2; West Looe, 2: total 44, Produce. Tin, Copper, Lead, most of the semi-metals, China stone and clay, Slate, transparent Quartz called Cornish Diamonds, Pilchards and other fish. Manufactures. Copper Spikes and Nails, Crucibles, Fishing implements. Hundreds, 9; Parishes, 203; Market-towns, 30; Houses, 39,371. Families employed in Agriculture, 17,465; Trade, 10,954; in neither, 15,770: total, 44,189. Baptisms. Males, 3,504; Females, 3,321.-Marriages, 1,531.- Burials, Males, 1,890; Females, 1,716. Towns having not less than 1000 Inhabitants, viz. Houses. Inhab. Houses. Inhab. .329 2,297 ..404 2,139 419 2,070 .374 1,975 .236 1,498 195 1,478 .239 1,319 .216 1,094 ..195 1,022 Houses, 7,502; Inhabitants, 44,720. A. D. 446, On the departure of the Romans, Vortigern, Prince of Cornwall, was elected Sovereign of the Britons. At his invitation, to repel the incursions of the Picts and Scots, the Saxons first landed in England. 542, near Camelford, battle of Camblan, in which the famous Arthur and his traiterous nephew Mordred were slain, 835, at Hengston-hill, Britons and Danes defeated by Egbert. 935, Athelstan completed the conquest of Cornwall from the Britons. 1498, September, at Whitsand Bay, Perkin Warbeck landed. 1643, January 19, on Bradock Down, General Ruthin and the Parliamentarians defeated by Sir Ralph Hopton, who made 1250 prisoners. 1643, May 15, near Stratton, Earl of Stamford and the Parliamentarians defeated by Sir Ralph Hopton, who took prisoner Major-general Chudleigh and 1700 men. For this victory Sir Ralph was created Lord Hopton of Stratton. 1644, September 1, near Fowey, General Skippon and 6000 of the Parliamentarian infantry capitulated to Charles I. 1646, March 12, at Truro, Lord Hopton and 3000 of the Royalist cavalry capitulated to Sir Thomas Fairfax. BIOGRAPHY. Anstis, John, Garter King-at-Arms and Historian of the Order, St. Neots, 1669. ARTHUR, King of the Britons, Tintagel, 452. Arundel, John, Bp. of Exeter, Lanhearn, (died 1503.) Arundel, John, who captured Duncan Campbell, Scotch Admiral, 14 Hen. VIII. Blaunpayn, Michael, Latin Rhymer, (flourished 1350.) Borlase, William, Historian of his native County, Pendeen, 1696. Carew, Carew, Sir George, Diplomatist, East Anthony, about 1557. Carew, Richard, Author of Survey of Cornwall, East Anthony, 1555. Cornwall, Godfrey of, "Doctor Solemnis," schoolman, (flourished 1310.) Cornwall, John of, antagonist of Peter Lombard, (flourished 1170.) Foote, Samuel, "English Aristophanes," Truro, 1721. Granville, Sir Bevil, "The Brave and Loyal," Brinn, 1595. Granville, Dennis, Dean of Durham, nonjuror, Brian, 1638. Grenvill, William de, Abp. of York, Chancellor of England, (died 1315.) Herle, Charles, divine, (died 1655.) Hucarius the Levite, Author of 110 Homilies, (flourished 1040.) Lower, Richard, Physician, Tremare, about 1631. Lower, Sir William, Dramatic Writer, Tremare, 1662. Mayow, John, Physician, 1645. Milles, Jeremiah, Dean of Exeter, P. A. S. Duloe, 1713. Moyle, Walter, Miscellaneous Writer, Bake, 1672. Noy, William, Attorney-General, St. Buriens, 1577. Pentraeth, Dolly, the last person that spoke the Cornish language, died 1788, aged 102. Prideaux, Humphrey, Dean of Norwich, Author of "Connexion," Padstow, 1648. Skuish, John, Chronicler, (flourished 1530.) Tregonwell, John, Civilian, (died 1540.) Tregury, Michael, Abp. of Dublin, voluminous Writer, (died 1471.) Treharon, Bartholomew, Dean of Chichester, Translator, (died 1560.) Trelawny, Sir Jonathan, Bp. of Winchester, Trelawney House, (died 1721.). Trevisa, John, Translator of the Bible, Caradock, (died about 1400.) Wheare, Degory, first Camden Professor of History at Oxford, Jacobstow, 1573. MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS. It is intended to give a separate Account of the Scilly Isles. Falmouth is the station for packets to Portugal, the Mediterranean, and the West Indies. This County is famous for athletic exercises, particularly Wrestling; a "Cornish hug" has been long proverbial. Since the 11th Edw. III. the eldest sons of the Kings of England have been Dukes of Cornwall. Ludgvan was the residence of the Antiquary Borlase for the last 52 years of his life.-Lillo's "Penryn Tragedy," which title Colman changed to "Fatal Curiosity," was founded in truth; the scene of the horrible catastrophe being in the village of St. Gluvias near Penryn. Kilkhampton Church is the scene of Hervey's Meditations among the Tombs.”—The Well of St. Keyne is the subject of a lively little Poem by Southey. BYRO. An Account of the several Libraries LIBRARIES IN PRIVATE HANDS. Sto collect those of the LARGE PAPER; and not long since Mr. Bateman bought Dr. Stanley's Study of Books, wherein were the most of that kind that have been seen together for some years. Mr. Wanley hath made a great pro gress towards collecting books relating to the Service of the Church. The several Versions and Impressions of the Holy Bible in English and Latin, Psalters, Primers, and Common Prayer-Books. It will soon be the best of that kind in the kingdom; from whence in time we may expect his critical observations of the several Versions of Holy Writ into English, a work that hath been attempted by some. He bath thousands of fragments of old writings, some near 1000 years old; as a piece of Virgil, with figures not not far beyond that in the Vatican. Other pieces, where the writing hath been scraped out, for want of vellum, to write other things on; and I verily believe he was the first that ever made that discovery; for, some years ago, in the Bodleian Library, he shewed me a MS. in Greek, that had been twice wrote on. His fragments are in divers languages, Greek, Latin, Saxon, &e. I believe the like is not in Europe, and I believe no person can make better use of them; so that if he meet with encouragement, as Mabillon had in France, we may have greater variety of specimens from him; besides which he intends towards a Saxon Bible. This Collection of his deserves a very great encomium. You have formerly seen his specimen of antient hands, and by his al phabets you may judge of his performance. He is an excellent critick of the antiquity of all sorts of letters, Greek, Roman, Gothic, Saxon, &c. what century and country they were wrote in, the several sorts of ink in each country; the vellum, paper, parchment they were wrote on. The Benedictine Monks at St.James had a good library; and the Capuchins at Somerset-house. Sir William Godolphin and his brother the Doctor have both excellent libraries. I have mentioned these particulars for the satisfaction of a particular friend, who was of opinion that there were more books in Paris than London. But, though in their Convents and Public Libraries they may exceed us, yet for books in Private hands we exceed them; and I am fully assured our Booksellers are better assorted than those at Paris. Mr. Bateman hath had more libraries go through his hands within this twenty years than all those at Paris put together. In that time his shop hath been the store-house from which the learned have furnished themselves with what was rare and curious. From hence we have the happiness that few of our books go out of the kingdom; of late years only Vossius', which were lost by the management of some conceited, illnatured persons; and there were many excellent Greek MSS. very antient, some in capitals, and amongst the printed books some were as valuable as some of the MSS.-Bishop Stilling fleet's printed books also went out of the kingdom. The MSS. remain here. These, 7000 in number, were bought by the Right Hon. Secretary Harley, and that noble collection of Sir Simon D'Ewes, which is much rarer. There are abundance of antient MSS. books, charters, &c. some in Saxon, others of great antiquity, which give great light into history. There are all J. Stow's Collection; several original leidger-books, cou cher-books, and cartularies of Monasteries in this kingdom, at Bury St. Edmund's, St. Alban's, and other Religious houses. This collection in some particulars exceeds any in England, and is the greatest treasury in its kind in the kingdom. There are, besides, many valuable MSS. and printed books. Dr. Salmon hath the best collection of English folios that are to be found in any private hand: his library is a very stately room, and well situated as any I have seen; there are 1700 folios, with quartos and octavos proportionable, books well chosen and neatly bound. ........ Lately the Gentlemen of Doctors Commons purchased the library of Dr. which is put into a great room next to the Hall; and intend to collect more books to compleat it. The learned Dr. Pinfold is putting them in order; they are mostly relating to Civil and Canon-Law. Dr. Busby gave a collection of books in the room called the Museum at Westminster-school, for the use of the scholars. I shall conclude with observing, that books being sold by auction, and printing catalogues, has given great light to the knowledge of books. This we are beholding to the Auctioneers for, such as John Dunmore, Edward Millington, Marmaduke For ster, William Cooper, John Ballard, &c. They had vast quantities of books went through their hands; as Smith's, the Lord Anglesea's, Dr. Jacomb's, Massow's, Earl of Ayles bury's, Lord Maitland's, &c. the great stocks of Scot, Davies of Oxford, and Littlebury's. Dispers ing catalogues of these much conduced to improving the learned in the knowledge of scarce and valuable books, which before stood dusty in studies, shops, and warehouses. At Mr. URBAN, THE HE impression which was made upon my mind in the earlier days of my life, from reading the Night Thoughts of Dr. Young, was such, that I regarded him as an Angel of Light. The solemnity of the subject, and the sublimity of his thoughts, impressed me with so much reverence and veneration for the Author, that the model of his life seemed to have been of the chastest kind, and his morals so pure, that his example might be followed in any stage of life with the greatest safety and security, with out any danger of deviating from the standard of Christian perfection. But, upon a nearer approach to the golden image which I had set up, there is a visible alloy, discovering too plainly that all is not gold that glis tens. The Example must be followed with caution since not only in his earlier, but in his later days, there are strong exceptions to be taken against his moral and religious character. How far these severe observations may be justified, are now to be submitted to candid decision, and to the fair impartiality of judgment. On perusing, a few mornings ago, the Life of Doctor Young, prefixed to a neat and elegant quarto volume of his Night Thoughts, my eye was offended with a flaw in the gem, *This shall be given at some future opportunity. EDIT. + See a very curious and well-written Letter of Mr. J. Bagford to Mr. Hearne, in the first volume of the 2d edition of "Leland's Collectanea," pp. 58. & seq. relative to London, and the Antiquities in its vicinity. which I wish to be removed by some scientific hand. There seemed to be also some inaccuracies, into which the Editor had fallen: and some obscurities, which stood in need of explanation and elucidation. An explanatory note is wanted to the Life of Young, in which it is said, that in his 19th year he became a Member of New College; and in the same year was removed to Corpus. It would be satisfactory to know, by what motive he could have been induced to have stood for a scholarshipin C.C.C. at a time when in the year immediately following he would have succeeded to a Fellowship in his own College. What renders his removal still more inexplicable is, that he thereby gave up his eligibility to the different preferments in the gift of the two St. Mary Winton Collegesendowments such as no other Col lege in the University is enriched with. So that, in his third removal, to All Souls, he did not regain an equivalent to what he might have remained in possession of. The Editor of his Life having informed us, that he was removed from Corpus by Archbishop Tenison having appointed him to a Law Fellowship in All Souls, it would be highly satisfactory to know, whether by an appeal upon an undue election, or on what other occasion, the Archbishop, as Visitor, became invested with such privilege and authority, as to supersede the right of election in the Warden and Fellows of that foundation. A farther explanation would be desirable respecting the Law Fellowship, which, the Editor acquaints us, the Archbishop had put him in possession of. During my earlier connexion with the University, I do not recollect to have heard of a Law Fellowship in There are Vinerian Fellowships; which any one College throughout Oxford. are truly and literally Law Fellowships but they are appropriate to no peculiar College. In All Souls, New College, and St. John's, there are certain Fellows, who by the statutes of the College are under an obligation of taking their Degrees in Civil Law. But the Founder, so far from confining them to the study of jurispru dence, left them at full liberty, as their genius and turn of mind led them, |