Jurisdiction-the Registry Bill would, if rightly explained to them, tend to palliate their condition, render their lives and services more valuable and secure, and prevent any more of their fellow-countrymen from similar captivity; and they would know that a return of themselves to Africa would now be of little avail towards their happiness, unless indeed they could secure a reception into the reformed Colony of Sierra Leone, where districts of land and civilization are provided for them. I strongly suspect that the difficulties stated by S. D. D. of trouble and expence in Trinidad, to effect the Registry, are stated at least to the fullest extent; but they are such as must subside in the frequent practice -almost every new measure is at first troublesome, and new and better modes are afterwards adopted. But I forbear further intrusion on your valuable columns, as I do not find that S. D. D. has claimed from me any other reply. The grounds of my statement were collected from Mr. Stephen's last work on the Registry Bill. A. H. Mr.URBAN, Trinity-square, Sept.10. AM induced to hope, that the Gentleman who, in your last Number, reviewed my Sermon “on the Established Liturgy of our National Church" with so much candour and indulgence, will kindly allow me to make a short observation upon one of his remarks; which, as it stands, leaves the Reader of the Critique to infer, that I have presumed to chain those sudden emotions of the soul, which lift it to the throne of Grace in instant aspiration of pious prayer, down to the more deliberate order of previous composition or restrictive form. The Reviewer says "We cannot go with Mr. White to the length of asserting, that no prayer can be considered efficacious or acceptable at the throne of Grace which is not offered with some regard to form, direct or indirect." May I be permitted to quote that passage in the Sermon, which is the only one, I conceive, that could in any degree have conveyed such a suggestion to your Correspondent's mind; but which, I am much disposed to think, does not warrant the conclusion which he has drawn.-I must premise that I am speaking of Congregational Prayer: pp. 33, 34. "It may perhaps be without offensive opposition asked, what is meant by the word form, on which the objection is grounded?-If we are to understand by it, a previous composition imposed upon the mind and heart, certainly, it may with truth be observed that such a previous composition is nothing more than a due preparation of the powers of the understanding, and the feelings of the heart, for the solemn conformity of both to a duty, the importance of which requires that it should not be left to desultory conception or extemporary impulse. It must be admitted that Prayer in all its properties should be uniform and equal. Now it is not too much to infer, that the person who is thus engaged in prayer, as the organ of the whole assembly of worshipers, may not be always alike collected in his thoughts, or in equal possession of his capabilities; and as GOD is always the same in essence, the same awful reverence ought always to be paid to Him. Nothing therefore ought to be left to the inequality of the human intellect, by which the slightest trespass upon this reverence may be committed; and so long as the possibility of such omission remains, it always will be better for us to be well prepared to come to GOD, as He ought to be approached, than to be thrown upon the chance of an occasional irreverence or wilful presumption. This reasoning is not, perhaps, so applicable to private and ejaculatory prayer, as to Public Devotion-in the former, the communion between the soul and GOD may doubtless be preserved by the sincere and spontaneous dictates of the supplicant's heart; yet even in this application of prayer, a regular arrangegard to the condition of the sinner, as ment of the petitions, and a due reit relates to the object of supplication, ought always to be previously contemplated by him. And ejaculatory prayer should never be permitted to issue from the lips, but in expressions consistent with the dignity of the Deity, and in conformity to the attribute which we so call upon Him to exercise in relief of our exigency." I desire to apologize to you, Sir, for this intrusion; but I feel an anxiz ety to escape from an inference, which, I assure the Gentleman who has done nie so much honour by his notice, is not more in opposition to his sentiments, than it is to those of, Yours, &c. HENRY G. WHITE. I Mr. URBAN, Sept. 11. SEND you a Sketch of a Plan for improving the present situation of the Cottagers and labouring part of the community, by means of a Central Establishment for promoting domestic economy among the Poor of Great Britain; suggested from having attended some Botanical excursions the last two seasons.-I am your obedient servant, ECONOMICUS. HAVING been all my lifetime engaged in different pursuits more or less connected with the rural affairs of this country, I have long observed with regret, that among the generality of the poorer classes of society, there is a total want of application to the various advantages that are often presenting themselves; for many opportunities offer for persons procuring by labour alone a decent livelihood, by converting into useful materials many of the spontaneous productions of our hedges, road-sides, and other waste-lands; and it has long been in contemplation to publish my opinion on this subject; and probably at the present season of want amongst our peasantry, a developement of it may render a service to the country. A considerable number of domestic articles in general use, and of great demand, are manufactured abroad and brought here, or are made from the material imported, at a considerable expence, which might, by proper encouragement given to our poor, be substituted by other articles that are to be met with in plenty on our waste lands. The rushes used for candle-wicks are found growing in great abundance in all our wet and boggy lands, and which would, if collected and properly preserved, afford labour for many months in the year. It is worthy of remark, that the rush made use of for this purpose, although a noxious weed in the places where it naturally grows, is by dint of labour alone made worth 2s. 6d. per pound, and the demand for the article is very extensive. Of a similar plant to the above are made floor-mattings, hassocks, and baskets of different descriptions, also frails for packing goods, great quantities of which are likewise imported from Holland. Rushes that are also in demand for bottoming chairs are brought from that country, whilst the banks of the River Thames and many other places afford this article in great abundance, but owing to the people not being in the habit of collecting such, they are suffered to go to waste, whilst an inferior article when imported is sold for large sums of money. It is a fact, that upwards of 149,000 bundles of Dutch buli-rushes were, during the year 1815, imported from Holland, for which the sum of Ten Thousand Pounds was paid in hard cash; whilst numbers of acres of those and a similar kind, equally as well adapted to all such purposes, are suffered to rot and go to waste, because our own people do not know their value. The above articles afford matting for floors, and for the purpose of door-mats. The manufacture of all these articles are capable of much improvement if persons ployed in it who had encouragement to proceed in a proper and skilful manner. were em Many of our underwoods and shrubs that are growing on waste lands are capable of being converted into sieves for cleansing and sifting corn, &c. and also for various other purposes for general use, but to which they are but seldom applied. Various articles met with in the same plenty are of most essential use to the dyer, but are seldom collected in consequence of the present difficulty of preserving them, but which could be overcome by properly applying the labour of the poor to such objects. A large number of vegetables are in demand for the use of the Druggist and Apothecary, and which from being collected in quantities near London by persons who make it their business, are become scarce, and if these were only pointed to the poor in the places where they grow in plenty, great benefit would accrue therefrom. It should be observed, that much requires to be done on this head; for few of our herbs used for medicine are properly cured, -a reason probably why many of them have been superseded by the use of foreign drugs of no more efficacy, but only cured in a better method. These consist of leaves, woods, and roots, and at present afford a liveli hood to numbers of poor persons in the the neighbourhood of large towns, but are by no means properly collected, neither is so much made of their great qualities as would be under proper management. Extracts, and powders, of a number of these things are made; and I have the first authority for stating, that, if these things were better attended to, there would not only be a greater sale for them, but that they would be used in preference to many other things of foreign growth. It may not be improper to notice, that there has never yet been in this country a proper Elaboratory established, where things of this nature, and for other purposes of art, might be prepared in the best manner, and where experiments could be made to ascertain the qualities of others that may be supposed to be useful. It is not the least misfortune attending our cottagers, that they are unskilled in the art of gardening, inasmuch as we seldom observe the cottage-garden appear in such a way as to make it conducive to the full extent of the advantage that could be made. A small concise work, printed and circulated among this class of people, detailing the articles most profitable according to the quantity of ground each has, and the season for sowing each kind of vegetable, so as to procure a regular system of rotation in the crops, would render a great benefit to these people. It may be observed that 58. laid out judiciously in garden-seeds under such an arrangement, would be a bonus to the cottager of at least three pounds during the season; when probably at present his garden does not afford The above are only a few hints col-him one third that sum, lected from considering those articles which are styled medicinal; but the extent of improvement that may be made in this and others is great beyond calculation. Various are the plants which af ford us different species of Hemp, and texture similar to flax. Bean-stalks, hop-binds, and nettles, are known to produce this useful article in great quantities; and although in the time of war, when labour is dear, it would probably not be of so much advantage to a Stale to manufacture those articles, yet in times like the present, when labour for the employment of the people is wanting, they cannot be better or more advantageously employed. A valuable source of labour for the poor would be the teaching them to collect, at the proper seasons, seeds of different plants that are growing on cominons and other waste lands. It has long been a desideratum in our agriculture to have at our command seeds of all our best indigenous grasses, for laying down land to meadow and pasture; these are found to be difficult of cultivation; but on the South Downs, and on almost all other common and waste lands, in the autumn, are to be collected seeds of several plants which would tend to benefit our pastures, and which would also be in considerable demand for a foreign market, circumstances well known to the writer of this paper, and the want of a system of this kind he has long regretted. - The article Bees are very profitable to the cottager, but these also require management: few are the places in this country where bees could not be cultivated to great advantage. Fruit in cottage-gardens, particu larly apples, should be encouraged; but this department, of all others, requires a management that is not generally understood. The apple-tree here has been long neglected, and in fact its culture is spoilt; time and attention to this object may, however, bring this about again. It is a circumstance worthy of notice, that 622 plants of the British Flora are known to possess properties which are more or less useful to the publick; and few of these but are found plentifully on waste land, but which are not made use of, only because the people are not generally acquainted therewith. I have been many years employed in endeavouring, by demonstration, to impress the people of this country with an idea of the utility of attending to these circumstances; but have discovered that nothing short of actual experiment made by example on the spot will be considered as sufficient proof of its utility. The advantages of the knowledge displayed by the chemical experiments of Davy and Brand would never have made the useful impression they have done, but for their more happy way of working out the proofs of their theory by experiments; and I am led to believe a similar mode is neces sary sary to the same purpose in the plan A building may be established where an expert workman in each of the branches of labour may be employed, and each man have under his tuition one, two, or more active, intelligent youths who shall learn, by working each at the regular depart ments, the several arts in detail, and also the preparing, cultivating and preserving the materials; the collecting, drying, and preparing indigenous vegetable drugs for the use of medicine and dying; the making extracts and other officinal preparations; and be generally informed as to the uses, nature, and mode of collecting seeds for sale of all our useful grasses, vetches, &c. that are found on the waste; and when each has gone through his different degrees of learning, he may be encouraged to go into the country, and settle in such place as may be found best, and there reap the benefit of employing the poor in those useful arts, and teaching others in his turn. This will be found an Institution which will possess the advantage of giving useful and healthy employment to both young and old persons of both sexes, and keeping from wretchedness and misery, when better employment does not fall out, a great number of our poor class of labourers and their fainilies. The expences of an Institution of this kind would ultimately pay for its establishment, as the teachers would of course earn nearly the wages that it would be necessary to give them, and the pupils need not be paid extravagantly, but an inducement should be thus made to promote their diligence. I suppose that in twelve months, or a little more, each would become qualified for the purpose of going out on his own footing, but whose labours, in part, should become the property of the Institution. If therefore, twelve young men are thus educated, I will suppose that six shall be ready for going out the second year; hence at Lady-day, the youths that pass their examination and are best qualified, shall then depart, and an encouragement be given them by the loan of a sum not ex ceeding ; that the same numand a sum also be allowed, on loan; the ber shall also go out at Michaelmas, money thus borrowed to be repaid by shall think most convenient for the such instalments as the Committee benefit of the pupil and the general concern. The grand emporium for the sale of the articles, to be at the principal Institution, where regular Meetings of the proprietors can be formed at all times, and proper officers for inspecting, regulating, and auditing all accounts may attend, and to which place all communications relative to improvements, and other matters, which the publick shall be invited to send, may be received. And above all, I recommend a strict the Society of Arts, as all the facts union between the Establishment and immediately be put under a course of laid before that useful body might experiments, and their results proved; a circumstance that must be allowed to be a desirable object with all who have paid attention to the exertions of that justly-celebrated Institution. interest, a market would be estaAnd by thus exciting the public blished for the different articles mentioned above, and the labour of the poor ultimately made use of to the best advantage possible. Mr. URBAN, Sept. 12. The Sun's Disk having disap HE Spots lately noticed upon peared, seems to afford a proof, or they were not either mountains or at least a strong presumption, that valleys upon the opaque surlace of the Sun, but the effect of passing Stars casting their shadows, as we discover at every eclipse. Had they been excrescences from the surface large enough to produce Spots, it is not likely that they should have so soon and entirely disappeared. There can be little doubt that we are very limited in what we are able to discover of the Planetary System; and therefore we may fairly conclude, that the Newtonian System, though complete less phenomena of Nature; and if so, as to us, is but a part of the exhaustmany Stars yet undiscovered by us, we may rest satisfied that there are whose revolutions must pass the Sun, in their immensely orbicular progress, which would cast their shadow apon his Disk, and be seen by the habit able able planets, of which the Earth is one but perhaps these are the same shadows which have been heretofore observed, which strengthens this mode of deduction, and guides us to the adoption of the principle that they prove the necessity of further and deeper researches, by which the cause of these appearances may be traced to new Planets or Fixed Stars, to new elements, and to encreasing phenomena, which enlarge the human mind, and teach him to reverence the Divine Source of all things! Mr. URBAN, IN A. H. Orchard-street, Aug. 24. N the Gent. Mag. for Dec. 1785, p. 927, is a Letter concerning the family of Cromwell's niece, Robina Sewster, who married Lockhart, one of his Generals, and Ambassador to Louis XIV. both from Cromwell and King Charles the Second. This Letter mentions that portraits of Cromwell, Lockhart, and Mr. Sewster, were then in the possession of Mr. Gosling, of Wistow, near Ramsey, in Huntingdonshire, whose Grandfather married a Sewster. As I am preparing for the Press a work to be entitled "The Lockhart Papers," (see Obituary, p. 185), containing very interesting details of political affairs and public men from 1702 to 1728, I am desirous of procuring all possible information relative to the family of the Author, and especially to the Ambassador, of whose private Life so little is known. If this Letter should meet the eye of Mr. Gosling of Wistow, or his descendants, I shall be thankful for a line expressive of permission to make known to them my wishes upon the subject; and should that family no longer dwell at Wistow, I shall be obliged to any Gentleman who will favour me with particulars concerning them, and their actual place of abode. As it may happen that among your numerous Correspondents, some may possess papers, letters, and notices, relative to the Lockhart family, I shall be much obliged by a communication of them. Not doubting but that Mr. Urbau's acknowledged liberality, love of literature, and esteem for departed men of eminence, will induce him to give me any assistance in his power, I will not trouble him with a studied apology for this application, nor intrude any longer upon his attention than to assure him of my perfect consideration. ANTH. AUFRERE. Mr. URBAN, THE Aug. 12. HE Arms of Dalton (Part 1. p. 587) are, a Lion rampant gardant, and should have been so described, as without that word the attitude is not explained. I know nothing of the Pedigree of the Family; but the Pick- Axes, about which your Correspondent inquires, are probably the bearing of Pigott. I wish I could give your respectable Correspondent (p. 23) any satisfactory information about Sir Charles Hedges: all that I have to say about him consists of the two following particulars; and, if they be the means of procuring better intelligence, my purpose will be answered. Sir Charles had a daughter Anue, married to Sir Edward Smyth, Bart. of Hill Hall, in the Parish of Theydon Mount, in Essex, by whom she was the mother of the three succeeding Baronets, and grandmother of Sir William, the present: whether Sir Charles had any other issue I am not informed. The present Lord Zouche is grandson and heir male of Katharine Tate, Wife of Charles Hedges, Esq.; but whether he were related to Sir Charles I know. not. J. B. ** Another Correspondent observes, "The Daughter of Charles Hedges, Esq. was Mother of the present Sir Cecil Bishopp, Lord Zouche." Mr. URBAN, AM Aug. 12. critic in water. Lon I do is very well supplied, with very bad water. The best I know is at the Postern, Tower Hill; and I have gone from Oxford Road, with a mug in my pocket, to get a drink. In my youthful days, running "out of bounds" from the Charter-house, the Fields near the Foundling Hospital were a favourite promenade of mine; and I frequently used to refresh myself with an iron-ladle-full of excellent water, at a spring or conduit in Lamb's Conduit-street. went a few days since to trace out, if possible, the scenes "where once, my careless childhood strayed," and found them covered with brick and mortar. I went next to my favourite I. spring, |