THE

CONTENTS.

HISTORY OF EUROPE.

С НА Р. І.

Comparative View of the Confederacy and the French Republic, at the Clofe
of 1796.-Spain, drawn into an Alliance with France, declares War
against England.-Conjoined Efforts of the French, Spanish, and Dutch,
Flects, for overthrowing the naval Domination of England.-War in Italy.

--Capture of Mantua.-Political Conduct and military Preparations of

the Court of Rome.-Letters from Buonaparte to the Cardinal Matlæi.-

The Cardinal's Anfier.-The Court of Madrid refufes its Mediation, in

Behalf of the Pope, with the French Republic.-Republican Party in Rome,

and other Parts of the Ecclefiaflical States.-Buonaparte declares War

against the Pope.-A French. Army enters the Papal Dominions.-

The Papal Troops completely routed.-Buonaparte, by Promifes and

Threats, induces the Romans to fubmit to the French, without the Effusion

of Blood.-Takes Poffefion of several Provinces in the Ecclefiaflical States.

-Advances towards Rome.—Treaty of Peace with the Pope

CHA P. II.

1

Means for preventing the future Power of the Roman Pontiffs.—And that of
Auftria over the Countries compofing the Republics on the North and
South of the Po.--Moderation and Lenity of the French Republic to the
Non-juring Clergy. At the fame Time that their Bigotry and Super-
fition are expofed to ridicule.-Exceffive Rejoicings and Exultations of the
French at the Succeffes of their Arms in Italy.-Jealoufy, Envy, and Re-
fentment, against Buonaparte.-Who ufes Precautions for warding off the
Effects of thefe, and gaining Popularity and Confidence, not only in
France but Italy.-Moderation and Prudence of the Inhabitants of St.·
Marino.-Munificence of Buonaparte to that fmall Republic.-Prevalence
of Republican Principles in Italg.-Honour paid there to the French and Buo-
VOL. XXXIX.
naparte

Kk

naparte.-Preparations of Auftria, for disputing with the French the Em

pire of Italy. The Imperial Army in Italy, commanded by the Archduke

Charles.-Attacked by the French, and forced to retreat.-Capture of

Gradifca and Goritz.—Municipal Governments fettled in both these Touns,

on the Republican Plan.-The Auftrians defeated with fevere Lofs near

Tarvis.-Audacious Spirit of the French Prijoners of War.-The In-

fection of this Spirit dreaded by the Imperial Miniftry.—A Divifion of

the French Army, under Joubert, penetrates into the Tyrol.-Reduces ·

most of the firong Forts of that Country. And gains other figual Ad-

vantages.The French obtain Poffeffion of Brixen.-Proclamations of

Buonaparte, addressed to the Subjects of the Emperor.-The Auftrians

obliged to abandon their Head-Quarters at Clagenfurth.—The French cross

the Drave-Farther Succefjes of the French, under Joubert, in the Tyrol.-

Remarkable Engagement between the Auftrians and French, in the Defiles

leading to Newmarck.—The Auftrigns continually defeated, but not dif

couraged.-Confernation at Vienna.-But invincible Courage of the

Aufirian and Ilungarian Nobles.-Interesting Letter from Buonaparte to

the Archduke Charles.—And the Archduke's Anfieer.—Armiflice between

the Auftrians and French.-Honours and Praifes befiowed by the French

Directory on the Army.-Reflections

18

CHA P. III.

Preliminary Articles of Peace between the French and Auftrians.-Succeff

of French Armies on the Rhine.-Progrefs of the Negociation for Peace.-

Hatred of the Venetians to the French, and partiality for the Aufirians.—

The French Army takes Poffeffion of Bergamo.-Refentment, Rage, and

Attempts of the Venetians at Refifiance.-The French Troops over-run

and reduce all the Venetian Territories-Fall of the Venetian Republic

univerfally deplored.-A Revolution introduced by the French into le

nice.-The Auftrian Troops invade Iftria.-Treaty of Campo-Formic, $7

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CHA P. IV.

Principle or Spirit of the Treaty of Campo-Formio.-Strictures thereon.-Ex-

ultation of the French.-Parties in France.—Their mutual Abhorrence of

each other.—Their Reciprocal Animofity, influenced by new Jcalonfies and Ap

prehenfions.-Confpiracy of Loyalijis difcovered.Addrefs of Lewis, called

by the Royalifts the XVIII.—And refolute Exertions of his Party through-

out France. -Decree, obliging the Public Functionaries to swear Hatred to

Royalty.-Return of new Members to the French Republican Legislature.

-French Troops fent to St. Domingo.-Exceffive Profufion of the French

Executive Government.-Frauds and Collufions, detrimental to the Publis

Revenue.-Enormous encrease of the Public Debt.--Various Mifmanage-

ments.-Strictures of many Members of both Councils, and others on the

Continuance of War, and Extenfion of Conquefts-The Lenity and Mo-

deration

deration of this Party, in Favour of Peace, encourages Attempts in Favour

of Peaceable Loyalifts.-Severe Decrees against this Class of Loyalifts, new-

modelled and mitigated

4.8

CHAP. V.

Political Parties in France.-Decree against Clubs.-Buonaparte declares his

Attachment and Refolution to abide by the Republican Party.—Addresses to

the Directory from the Armies.-The Directory Split into two Parties.-

The one violently Republican, the other inclined to moderate and confiliatory

Measures.-Feuds between the Directory and the Councils.-A large Body

of Troops, in Violation of the Conftitution, called to Paris.-Remarkable

Addrefs to the Directory, by the Army of the Sambre and Meufe. Effect

of this on the Councils.—Caujis affigned, by the Directory, for Fermenta-

tions that had taken place in the Army.-Concert between the Directory

and the Army.-The Councils alarmed.-Refolutions of the Councils for

the Purpoje of refraining within due Bounds the Authority of the Di-

rectory

61

CHAP. VI.

Arrestation of national Representatives.-Message from the Directory to the

two Councils, on this Subje&t.-And Addrefs on the fame, to the People of

France.-Forty Refolutions, adapted to the prefent Juncture, proposed by a

Committee of public Safety.-Adopted by the Council, and paffed into Laws.

-Tranfactions of the primary Communes and electoral Assemblies, in fifty

Departments, declared illegal.-Upwards of fixty Perfons, Members of the

Directory and Councils, and others, fentenced to Transportation.-Addrefs

from the Council of Five Hundred to the Departments and the Armies.-

Imputing the most iniquitous and atrocious Designs to the Royalifts.-Pro-

clamation by the French Government, annoucing a fecond Expedition against

Ireland. Singular Expedition of a Body of French Troops into Wales.—

Thefe furrendered themselves, without Refiftance, Prifoners of War to a

Force, raifed and headed, on the Emergency, by Lord Cawdor.-The Spanish

Iland of Trinidad taken by the English

CHAP. VII.

76

Ineffectual Expedition of the English against the Spanish Island of Porto-

Rico. Tranfactions in the West Indies.-Favourable to the English, both

by Sea and Land.-Great Preparations against England, in the Ports of

Holland and Spain.-Spanish Fleet defeated by an English Squadron,

greatly inferior in Strength and Numbers, under the Command of Ad-

miral Sir John Jervis.-Other Gallant Exploits of this Squadron.-Unfor

tunate Attempt of the English on the Island of Teneriffe.-Dutch Arma-

Kk 2
ment

8

ment defined, as was fuppofed, againf England.-Puts to Sea, under

order to join the French Fleet at Breft.—Encountered, and after an obfli-

nate Engagement defeated with great Lofs, by an English Squadron, under

Admiral Duncan.-Yet Preparations fill continued in Appearance, by the

French, for an Invafion of England.—Calamities brought on the Dulch,

by their Junction with the French.

CHAP. VIII.

91

Meeting of Parliament.-His Majesty's Speech.-Debates on the Address

in the House of Lords. And in the Houfe of Commons.-French Invafion

threatened. Meafures propofed by the Minifter, for the Defence of the

Country-Debates thereon in both Houses of Parliament.—Bills for aug-

menting the Militia, Army, and Navy, paffed into Laws.-Bill passed

into a Law for raising a Militia in Scotland

CHA P. IX.

105

Public Expenditure and Income.—Army and Navy, and other Eflimates.—

Supplies, with Ways and Means.-New Taxes.-Debates on these sub-

jects.-Particularly on Sums fent, and propofed to be fent to the Em-

peror.-Portion given with the Princess Royal.—Relief to the Subscribers

to the Loyalty Loan.-Navy and Exchequer Bills Funded.-India

Budget

127

CHA P. X.

Clouded Afpe&t of British Affairs in the End of 1796, and earlier Part of

1797.-Messages from His Majefty to both Houses of Parliament, relating

to the Rupture of the Negociation for Peace at Paris.—Addresses in Confe-

quence moved to His Majefy.—Amendments propofed.—Debates.—Amend-

ments rejected, and the Addreffes carried by large Majorities.-Motion for

Peace in the House of Lords.-Motion for the fame End in the House of

Commons.-Debates in both Houses

CHAP. XI.

148

Nature of Money.History of Bank of England.-Stoppage of Bank Pag-

ments in Specie.-Meffage thereon, from his Majefly to Parliament.-—

Debates on this Subject, in both Houfes.-Meafures for the Support of

Public Credit, and the Relief of various pecuniary Embarrafments—

Report of the Committee appointed to inquire into the State of the Bank, 177

СНАР.

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CHA P. XII.

Caufes of Difcontents in the British Navy and Army.-Notices given of

thefe Difcontents.-Mutinous Combination among all the Ships in the

Channel Fleet. Organization of this Naval Democracy.-Petitions from

the Mutineers to the Admiralty and the House of Commons.―General

Alarm.-The Board of Admiralty transferred to Portmouth.—Con-

ciliatory Terms of a Return to Subordination and Duty propofed to the

Seamen.-Demands of the Seamen.-Complied with.-In confequence of

a Mifiruft of Government, a fresh Mutiny.-Zealous, prudent, and fuccefs-

ful, Exertions of the Earl Howe.-The Affairs of the Navy, with the

Eftimates of the additional Expences now become neceffary, brought into

the House of Commons.-Miniftry accufed of Procraftination and fcandal-

ous Neglect of Duty.-Motion for a Vote of Cenfure.-Negatived.–

A Mutiny, more alarming fill than that in the Channel Fleet, breaks out

at the Nore.-A Board of Admiralty held at Sheerness.-Audacious

Behaviour of the Mutineers.-The Lords of the Admiralty return from

Sheerness to Town, without the leaft Success in their Endeavours for the

Reporation of Order.-Tranfactions in the Fleet at the Nore.-Condemned

by the Divifions of the Fleet at Plymouth and Portsmouth. As well as by the

Nation at large.—Intelligence of this produces, in the Ships Crews, at the

Nore, Divifions, Terror, and Despair.-The principal Conductor of the

Mutiny feized, condemned to Death, and executed. -Bill for preventing the

Seduction of Soldiers and Sailors

CHAP. XIII.

207

State of Ireland, in its Relations, external and internal, a Subje& in Debate

in both Houses of Parliament.-Motion, by Mr. Whitbread, in the Houfe

of Commons, relative to the Invafion of Ireland.-Negatived.-Motion

relative to the internal State and Difcontents of Ireland, in the House of

Peers, by the Earl of Moira.-Negatived.—Motion on the fume Subje&,

in the House of Commons, by Mr. Fox.-Negatived

CHAP. XIV.

223

Petitions for the Diffmiffion of Minifters.-Motion to that Effed in the

Houfe of Lords.-And in the House of Commons.-Motion in the House

of Commons for a Reform of Parliament.-Motion in the Houfe of Peers

for confidering the State of the Nation.-Prorogation of Parliament, 249