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Go to the tomb where lie his murdered wife,
And the poor queen who loved him as her son,
Their unappeased ghosts will shriek revenge!
The temples of the gods, the all-viewing heaven,—
The gods themselves-will justify the cry,

And swell the general sound revenge! revenge!

10. All that lightens labor and sanctifies toil; all that renders man good, patient, wise, benevolent, just, humble, and at the same time great, worthy of intelligence, worthy of liberty, is to have perpetually before him the vision of a better world, darting its rays of celestial splendor through the dark shadows of the present life. I believe, I profoundly and reverently believe in God and in a future state of existence.

11.

Live, loathed and long,

You smiling, smooth, detested parasites,

Courteous destroyers, affable wolves, meek bears,
You fools of fortune, time flies!

Cap and knee slaves, vapors, and minute jacks
Of man and beast-the infinite malady.

12. We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated ourselves at the foot of the throne and have implored its interposition to arrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and parliament. Our petitions have been slighted, our remonstrances have produced additional violence and insult, our supplications disregarded, and we have been spurned with contempt from the foot of the throne.

13. It is utterly, totally, basely, and meanly false!

14. This, this is eloquence, or rather it is greater and higher than all eloquence: it is action,-noble, sublime, God-like action.

15. What a piece of work is man! How noble in reason! How infinite in faculties! In form and moving, how express and admirable! In action, how like an angel! In apprehension, how like a god! The beauty of the world! The paragon of animals!

16. The cloud-cap't towers, the gorgeous palaces,
The solemn temples, the great globe itself,

Yea, all that it inherit, shall dissolve,
And, like the baseless fabric of a vision,
Leave not a wreck behind.

EXCLAMATION.

Exclamatory passages are such as show that the mind of the speaker is affected by some feeling, emotion, or passion. As to the nature of the feeling expressed in each of the following passages, and the manner in which it should be expressed, the reader must decide for himself from the language employed.

EXAMPLES.

1. Now for the fight! forward through blood and cloud and fire!

2. Pity the sorrows of a poor old man,

Whose trembling limbs have borne him to your door,

Whose days are dwindled to the shortest span;

O give relief, and heaven will bless your store!

3. Ay, cling to your masters, judges, Romans, slaves! his charge is false. I dare him to his proofs !

4. I am alone in all this wide, wide world; there's not one soul that cares for me!

5. Hence! home, ye idle creatures-get ye gone!

6. Hush!- Hark!-a deep sound strikes like a rising knell.

7. They're gone! they're gone! the glimmering spark hath fled! The wife and child are numbered with the dead!

8. Did you, sir, throw up a black crow? Not I!

Bless me, how people propagate a lie!

9. Clarence has come! false! fleeting! perjured Clarence!

10. Praise ye the Lord! The Lord's name be praised!

11. Banished from Rome! what's banished, but set free from daily contact of the things I loath?

12. Hark! 'tis the watchman's faithful cry,

Proclaims a conflagration nigh;

See! yon flame upon the sky

Confirms the dreadful tale.

13. Great heaven! how frail thy creature man is made! How by himself insensibly betrayed!

14. Thou slave! thou wretch! thou coward! Thou little valiant, great in villainy! Thou ever strong upon the stronger side!

EMPHATIC REPETITION.

In emphatic repetition the repeated word or words should be given with increased expression the second time uttered, and so on increasing the intensity of expression with each repetition.

EXAMPLES.

1. You can not, my lords, you can not conquer America.

2. And though our territories have stretched out wider and wider, and our population has extended farther and farther, they have not outgrown its protection or its benefits.

3. It was a noble Roman, in Rome's imperial day,

Who heard a coward croaker before the Castle say: They're safe in such a fortress, there is no way to take it.

On! on! exclaimed the hero, I'll find a way, or make it. 4. The war is inevitable, and let it come! I repeat it, let it come!

5. I now boldly proclaim to this house, as my deliberate opinion, that if that law pass our country will be ruined; yes, ruined forever. 6. To arms! they come! The Greek! the Greek!

7. Arm, warriors! arm for the fight!

8. This long line passes in solemn array, and, lifting up its face to God, cries out, avenge! avenge!! avenge!!!

9. But whatever may be our fate, be assured, be assured, that this declaration will stand. It may cost treasures, it may cost blood, but it will stand, and richly compensate for both.

10. Down! down! cries Mar, your lances down!

11. Toil-I repeat it-toil, either of the hand or of the brain, is the only true manhood, the only true nobility.

12. Now haste, Bernardo! haste, for there

In very truth is he,

The father whom thy faithful heart

Hath yearned so long to see.

IRONY.

Irony consists in pronouncing words in such a way as to convey a meaning directly opposite to that which the language implies. No directions can be given which will

enable the student to express irony. When he can speak any one passage in an ironical manner, careful practice will soon enable him to give ironical expression to other passages. The expression of irony may vary from the tone which is only just perceptible, to the tone and manner which manifests the feeling with the utmost bitterness and intensity.

EXAMPLES.

66

1. This comes,"-at length burst forth the furious chief,— "This comes of dastard counsels! Here behold

The fruits of wily cunning! the relief

Which coward policy would fain unfold

To soothe the powers that warred with heaven of old.

O wise! O potent! O sagacious snare!

And, lo! our prince, the mighty and the bold,—

There stands he, spell-struck, gaping at the air,

While heaven subverts his reign, and plants her standard there."

2. "But, Mr. Speaker, we have a right to tax America." Oh, inestimable right! Oh, wonderful, transcendent right! the assertion of which has cost this country thirteen provinces, six islands, one hundred thousand lives, and seventy millions of money. Oh, invaluable right! for the sake of which we have sacrificed our rank among nations, our importance abroad, and our happiness at home! Oh, right! more dear to us than our existence! which has already cost us so much, and which seems likely to cost us our all.

3. They boast they come but to improve our state, enlarge our thoughts, and free us from the yoke of error! Yes, they will give enlightened freedom to our minds, who are themselves the slaves of passion, avarice and pride. They offer us their protection! Yes, such protection as vultures give to lambs--covering and devouring them.

4. O masters! if I were disposed to stir

Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage,

I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong;
Who, you all know, are honorable men.

I will not do them wrong; I rather choose
To wrong the dead, to wrong myself, and you,
Than I will wrong such honorable men.

5. The atrocious crime of being a young man, which the honorable gentleman has, with such spirit and decency, charged upon me, I shall neither attempt to palliate nor deny; but content myself with hoping that I may be one of those whose follies cease with their youth, and not of that number who are ignorant in spite of experience.

6. Your consul's merciful-for this all thanks:

He dares not touch a hair of Catiline!

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APOSTROPHE.

Apostrophe means a turning away from a real audience, or auditor, and addressing an absent or imaginary one. Examples of apostrophe should be given exactly as if the object or thing addressed were a person. The emotional expression of the passage, if any, the student must, as in all other cases, find out for himself by careful study.

EXAMPLES.

1. Roll on, thou dark and deep blue ocean, roll!
Ten thousand fleets sweep over thee in vain.
Man marks the earth with ruin-his control
Stops with the shore; upon the watery plain
The wrecks are all thy deed, nor doth remain
A shadow of man's ravage, save his own,

When, for a moment, like a drop of rain,
He sinks into thy depths with bubbling groan,
Without a grave, unknell'd, uncoffin'd, and unknown.

2. O happiness! our being's end and aim,

Good, pleasure, ease, content--whate'er thy name:
That something still which prompts th' eternal sigh,
For which we bear to live and dare to die;
Which still so near us, yet beyond us lies;
O'erlook'd, seen double, by the fool and wise;
Plant of celestial seed! if dropp'd below,

Say in what mortal soil thou deign'st to grow?

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