Population Health: Concepts and MethodsPopulation health encompasses traditional public health and preventive medicine but emphasizes the full range of health determinants affecting the entire population rather than only ill or high-risk individuals. The population health approach integrates the social and biological, the quantitative and qualitative, recognizing the importance of social and cultural factors in practice and research. This text is organized around the logical sequence of studying and attempting to improve the health of populations; measuring health status and disease burden, identifying and modeling health determinants, assessing health risks and inferring causation, designing research studies, planning interventions, and evaluating health programs. The second edition incorporates many new topics that reflect changes in contemporary public health concerns and our response to them; as well as shifts in research directions. These include lifecourse approaches to health, gene-environment interactions, emergent infections, and bioterrorism. Among the specific changes are new or expanded discussions of confidence intervals for commonly used rates, the impact of population aging on mortality trends, health survey questionnaires, summary measures of population health, the new International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, migrant studies, race and ethinicity, psychoneuroendocrine pathways, social epidemiology, risk perception, communicating the SARS epidemic, ecologic studies, the odds radio, paticipatory research, suicide, evidence-based community interventions, evaluation methods and health economics, the Cochrane Collaboration, and systemic reviews. The many positive features of the first edition have been retained, such as the extensive use of boxes, case studies, and exercises; the selection of examples representing a variety of health problems, geographic regions, and historical periods; and a multidisciplinary orientation bridging the quantitative and qualitative, the social and biomedical sciences. The book aims to spark a new kind of broad-based training for researchers and practitioners of population health. |
From inside the book
Results 1-5 of 77
Page 16
... of Communication of Cholera.33 During the summer of 1854, he was able to test his ideas by calculating the death rates from cholera according to the source of water supply. The cholera death rate in houses supplied by one water company ...
... of Communication of Cholera.33 During the summer of 1854, he was able to test his ideas by calculating the death rates from cholera according to the source of water supply. The cholera death rate in houses supplied by one water company ...
Page 17
... of childbed or puerperal fever among patients in the maternity hospital. In 1840, by ... mortality (graph below) as well as neonatal mortality than K2. Semmelweis ... rate declined dramatically compared to the preintervention period, to a ...
... of childbed or puerperal fever among patients in the maternity hospital. In 1840, by ... mortality (graph below) as well as neonatal mortality than K2. Semmelweis ... rate declined dramatically compared to the preintervention period, to a ...
Page 25
... of a count of the events of interest. “Events” may be new episodes of disease or the number of people becoming sick; “mortality rate” is a special kind of incidence where the event is death. The key concept is a change in status, from ...
... of a count of the events of interest. “Events” may be new episodes of disease or the number of people becoming sick; “mortality rate” is a special kind of incidence where the event is death. The key concept is a change in status, from ...
Page 29
... of prevalence is not specified, point prevalence is usually implied. Note that “a ... rate of development of defects among all embryos over the period of ... mortality.5 In a stable situation and when P is low (and thus 1 P is almost ...
... of prevalence is not specified, point prevalence is usually implied. Note that “a ... rate of development of defects among all embryos over the period of ... mortality.5 In a stable situation and when P is low (and thus 1 P is almost ...
Page 30
... of the United States–Canada border, the following statistics were obtained.6 Decide ... (mortality and cure). Medical treatment that improves a patient's survival ... rate and proportion, can be expressed as x per 100 (i.e., percent), per ...
... of the United States–Canada border, the following statistics were obtained.6 Decide ... (mortality and cure). Medical treatment that improves a patient's survival ... rate and proportion, can be expressed as x per 100 (i.e., percent), per ...
Contents
1 | |
25 | |
3 Measuring Health and Disease in Populations II | 67 |
4 Modeling Determinants of Population Health | 115 |
5 Assessing Health Risks in Populations | 177 |
6 Designing Population Health Studies | 215 |
7 Planning Population Health Interventions | 264 |
8 Evaluating Health Programs for Populations | 296 |
9 Improving the Health of Populations | 324 |
Bibliography | 331 |
Answers to Exercises | 365 |
Index | 381 |
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Common terms and phrases
age group alcohol American analysis assessment associated behavior Canada Canadian case-control study causation Chapter cholesterol chronic clinical cohort study compared computed concept confounder costs cultural cumulative incidence definition dental caries developing countries diabetes discussed Down’s syndrome drug economic effect environment environmental epidemic epidemiology ethnic evaluation example exposure fluoridation gene genetic Greenland health determinants health problems health promotion health risks health status health surveys heart disease human impact incidence increase indicators individuals infection infectious diseases interventions lung cancer measures methods mortality rate National North Karelia observed occur odds ratio outcome pellagra physical population health prevalence prevention proportion public health published PYLL randomized controlled trial refers relative risk risk factors sample screening smallpox smoking social sources specific standard statistical tion United vaccine variables women