Population Health: Concepts and MethodsPopulation health encompasses traditional public health and preventive medicine but emphasizes the full range of health determinants affecting the entire population rather than only ill or high-risk individuals. The population health approach integrates the social and biological, the quantitative and qualitative, recognizing the importance of social and cultural factors in practice and research. This text is organized around the logical sequence of studying and attempting to improve the health of populations; measuring health status and disease burden, identifying and modeling health determinants, assessing health risks and inferring causation, designing research studies, planning interventions, and evaluating health programs. The second edition incorporates many new topics that reflect changes in contemporary public health concerns and our response to them; as well as shifts in research directions. These include lifecourse approaches to health, gene-environment interactions, emergent infections, and bioterrorism. Among the specific changes are new or expanded discussions of confidence intervals for commonly used rates, the impact of population aging on mortality trends, health survey questionnaires, summary measures of population health, the new International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, migrant studies, race and ethinicity, psychoneuroendocrine pathways, social epidemiology, risk perception, communicating the SARS epidemic, ecologic studies, the odds radio, paticipatory research, suicide, evidence-based community interventions, evaluation methods and health economics, the Cochrane Collaboration, and systemic reviews. The many positive features of the first edition have been retained, such as the extensive use of boxes, case studies, and exercises; the selection of examples representing a variety of health problems, geographic regions, and historical periods; and a multidisciplinary orientation bridging the quantitative and qualitative, the social and biomedical sciences. The book aims to spark a new kind of broad-based training for researchers and practitioners of population health. |
From inside the book
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Page iv
... —2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-515854-7 1. Public health. 2. Epidemiology. I. Title. RA425.Y68 2004 614.4—dc22 2004050095 123456789 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper.
... —2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-515854-7 1. Public health. 2. Epidemiology. I. Title. RA425.Y68 2004 614.4—dc22 2004050095 123456789 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper.
Page vi
... American bias, a conscious effort has been made to choose examples from around the world. Since the first edition was published in 1998, the term population health has become much more widely accepted and the field has advanced. For ...
... American bias, a conscious effort has been made to choose examples from around the world. Since the first edition was published in 1998, the term population health has become much more widely accepted and the field has advanced. For ...
Page 2
... American people has never been better.” This and subsequent updates established detailed health goals and age-related objectives for Americans. (Devotees of “positive health” may find the overall tone and approach still too “disease ...
... American people has never been better.” This and subsequent updates established detailed health goals and age-related objectives for Americans. (Devotees of “positive health” may find the overall tone and approach still too “disease ...
Page 4
... America, public health usually refers to the array of programs and services organized primarily, but not exclusively, by various levels of governments to protect, promote, and restore the health of citizens. The Institute of Medicine's ...
... America, public health usually refers to the array of programs and services organized primarily, but not exclusively, by various levels of governments to protect, promote, and restore the health of citizens. The Institute of Medicine's ...
Page 5
... American Journal of Public Health clarified the distinction between population health as a concept of the health status of a group of people and its distribution within the group, and as a field of study that focuses on both health ...
... American Journal of Public Health clarified the distinction between population health as a concept of the health status of a group of people and its distribution within the group, and as a field of study that focuses on both health ...
Contents
1 | |
25 | |
3 Measuring Health and Disease in Populations II | 67 |
4 Modeling Determinants of Population Health | 115 |
5 Assessing Health Risks in Populations | 177 |
6 Designing Population Health Studies | 215 |
7 Planning Population Health Interventions | 264 |
8 Evaluating Health Programs for Populations | 296 |
9 Improving the Health of Populations | 324 |
Bibliography | 331 |
Answers to Exercises | 365 |
Index | 381 |
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Common terms and phrases
age group alcohol American analysis assessment associated behavior Canada Canadian case-control study causation Chapter cholesterol chronic clinical cohort study compared computed concept confounder costs cultural cumulative incidence definition dental caries developing countries diabetes discussed Down’s syndrome drug economic effect environment environmental epidemic epidemiology ethnic evaluation example exposure fluoridation gene genetic Greenland health determinants health problems health promotion health risks health status health surveys heart disease human impact incidence increase indicators individuals infection infectious diseases interventions lung cancer measures methods mortality rate National North Karelia observed occur odds ratio outcome pellagra physical population health prevalence prevention proportion public health published PYLL randomized controlled trial refers relative risk risk factors sample screening smallpox smoking social sources specific standard statistical tion United vaccine variables women