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most of the ringleaders in their beds, and at the head of them proves to be the intriguing General Don Gomez Ferreira de Andrade. The Marquises of Abrantes and Valencia, the son of Baron Brancamp, and the Conde de Cunha, with about forty others, many of them persons of distinc tion, are said also to be apprehended and thrown into the dungeons of the castle of Belem. Don Gomez Ferreira is lodged in Fort St Julian, the governor of which has been superseded, and the command given to Sir Archibald Campbell. The two regiments of military police continue to parade the city, and the artillery guns, loaded to the muzzle with grape shot, are posted in different parts of the town. The conspirators had established printing presses, and prepared proclamations, all of which are seized. I am happy to add, that the disposition of the troops seems highly favourable, and we hear of only three offcers of any rank who are at present inplicated. It is strongly believed, that a close connexion has subsisted between those traitors and the insurgents at Pernambuco, and but for the energy and activity with which the government here have acted, no <<loubt can exist of the fate which awaited them. The 5th June being the feast of Corpus Christi, was fixed upon for the explosion of the plot.

The conspirators are now under trial be fore a chief judge, four assistants, and a secretary. The examinations have hitherto been private, but some of the sentences are expected to be published next month. About fifty persons are in custody.

most punctual care may be taken to observe it in every point.

Given at Buda, the 23d December 1816, in the assembly of the members of the

Royal Hungarian Government. The ceremony of the marriage of the archduchess Leopoldine with the king of Portugal took place by proxy at Vienna, on the 14th May. Owing to the insurrection in Brazil, the princess had not sailed for that country at the date of the latest dispatches from Portugal.

Vienna, June 4-The following are some of the details of the arrest of Santini. This man had obtained passports in England to go to Italy, where he pretended to have some family affairs to arrange He was strictly watched in this country, and having passed by Kragenfurt about the middle of the last month, he was arrested on the frontiers of Lombardy, and conducted under an escort to Milan. It is said, that papers of great importance were found upon him. He was apprehended on a road different from that prescribed to him, and which he should have taken, if he meant only to go to Genoa, and from thence to Corsica.

The states of Wirtemberg having rejected the constitution, as modified by the royal rescript of the 26th May, by 67 voices against 42, have been dissolved.

AMERICA.

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GERMANY.

Prohibition of Bible Societies in Hungary Buda, May 3.The following circular letter to the clergy in Hungary was issued on the 23d December, last year, by the Government in this city.

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Considering that the London Bible Association has caused the establishment of several affiliated Societies, particularly in Germany, and that several such associations in the Imperial hereditary dominions, particularly among the Protestants, have more intimate connexion in view, his Sacred Majesty has been graciously pleased to ordain, that care be taken that printed copies of the Bible be not circulated gratis, or at a low price, by such Foreign Associations and Societies in his Majesty's hereditary dominions, nor the establishment of a Bible Association be allowed. For the rest, his Sacred Majesty is graciously pleased to allow the trade with Bibles as with all other books by booksellers, according to the ordinances published on this subject. The royal Government hereby publishes this, his Majesty's resolution, that the VOL. I.

UNITED STATES.

The Boston Commercial Gazette of the 24th of March contains the provisions of an important law, which may be called the Navigation Act of America, of which the following is the substance.

1. No goods to be imported into the United States, except in vessels the property of the citizens of those States; or of the countries of which those goods are the growth, produce, or manufacture.

2. In all cases of contravention of the preceding article, the ship and cargo to be confiscated.

3. Bounties and allowances now granted to fishing-boats to be refused to all but those of which the officers and three-fourths of the crew are citizens of the United States.

4. The coasting trade is confined to native vessels and seamen.

5. A tonnage duty is imposed upon vessels, though belonging to the United States, which shall enter a port in one district from a port in another district. (This is subject to exceptions.)

6. A tonnage duty is levied on American vessels arriving from foreign ports, un 3 I

less two-thirds of the crew be citizens of the United States.

Boston, May 12.-Despatches have just been received from Mr Sergeant by the governor of the national bank. We understand they state he has succeeded in obtaining ten millions of dollars for the new bank at Philadelphia, and this too without difficulty in England. What a country of wealth and poverty! The Venice has arrived with 300,000 dollars; the Solon, the Emily, and the Electra, with much more.

After the 14th of July next, the American national flag will consist of thirteen stripes and twenty stars. The thirteen stripes are to be permanent, and one star is to be added whenever a new state is received into the union. The facts are published at this time for the benefit of shipowners, &c.

By the Courier arrived from Boston in nineteen days, and the Canton, with several other vessels, from New York in twentyone days, Boston papers to the 20th of May, New York to the 17th of that month, and New Orleans to the 16th of April, have been received. Cobbett has given notice, in a letter addressed to the people of America, that he will resume his labours in that country. A ship arrived at Boston from Pernambuco furnishes intelligence to the 9th of April. The new Government appeared well established, and was making every necessary preparation for defence. So far do the Anti-Portuguese rulers consider themselves settled, that they have sent out his Excellency Don Antonio Gonsalvo de Cruz as Ambassador to the United States.

A letter from Washington, dated the 2d May, states, that the American Government have lately sold 100,000 acres of land on the Tinibechy, in the Mississippi territory, to a French company, at two dollars per acre, payable in fourteen years without interest, upon condition of their planting the vine and olive. About 300 French emigrants have gone to reside on those newly purchased lands. At the head of these people are Lakanal, Pennienes, Garnier de Saintes, the two L'Allemands, Desnouettes, Clausel, and others, with a crowd of artisans and mechanics.

Joseph Bonaparte's New Town.-The Dutch mail supplies the following account of the Ex-King of Spain's colony in the United States." Joseph Bonaparte is building a town near Baltimore, which none but French are permitted to inhabit. It is to be capable of containing for the present 12,000 inhabitants. The art of the most sublime architecture is employed to embellish the edifices. Thus it should seem, that the French refugees renounce the hope of ever returning to the Continent of Europe, since they spend their whole fortunes in fixing themselves in so magnificent a manner in America."

The National Intelligencer states the terms on which the bank of the United

States obtained its specie in England, viz. "The specie to be delivered in the United States at 4s. 8d. Sterling per dollar, within six months from January last, the time the contract was made, the payment secured by a deposit of the United States' stock at par, redeemable January 1819, or at an earlier period, giving two month's notice, interest at five per cent. commencing at the date of the contract." From the same paper we learn, that the mania for emigration is to be found even in the United States. A company of young men was forming at New York, for the purpose of proceeding to some parts of South America, there to form a settlement. Each adventurer was to advance a certain sum, to purchase a vessel and the necessary stores.

Extract of a letter from St Francisville (L. A.) dated May 5, 1817.A very serious and distressing accident happened nearly opposite this place. Yesterday morning, about eight o'clock, the steam-boat, Constitution (formerly the Oliver Evans), passing down the river from Natchez to New Orleans, burst her boiler, and every person in the cabin, eleven in number, was scalded to death; some lived two or three hours, some five or six, and two or three lived about twenty hours. The captain of the boat, the engineer, and one or two sailors that were in the after-part of the boat, were the only persons that escaped uninjured.

In an American paper, a remarkable advertisement appears from the Navy Board in Washington. It is for proposals for supplying the machinery for three steam batteries, each to be equal to 120 horse power, to be completed in one month.

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BRITISH AMERICA.

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In the house of Assembly in Lower Canada, the Speaker notified to the House on the 21st February, that he had the same morning signed warrants for the imprisonment of S. W. Monk, Esq. conformably to the order of the House; after which, the deputy serjeant at arms at the bar informed the House, that, in obedience to its orders, he had lodged S. W. Monk, Esq. in the common gaol of the district.

On the 1st of March, the Legislative Council of Lower Canada came to a resolution, that an address be presented to his Royal Highness the Prince Regent, humbly beseeching his Royal Highness not to inflict any punishment on the honourable Louis Charles Foucher, Esq. one of the puisne judges of the court of King's Bench for the district of Montreal, in consequence of the articles of complaint exhibited against him by the Assembly of that province, until such articles of complaint should be submitted to the consideration of the Legisla tive Council, and they should have concur

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red therein, or until such articles of complaint shall have been heard and determined on by such a tribunal as his Royal Highness should appoint.

April 20.-James Stuart, Esq. arrived on Sunday the 16th at Quebec, and of course would take his seat in the House next day. What is called the great question was set down for the 19th instant, that is, Whether farther proceedings shall be had against the two chief justices. It is understood at Quebec, that the government at home had given directions to dissolve the Parliament, if the House of Assembly proceeded farther in this matter. Judge Monk expected to be discharged on bail; but the Court, on hearing his counsel, who urged that the warrant of the Speaker of the House of Assembly was informal, had come to the de cision, that the warrant was without objection; he was in consequence remanded to prison. He had transmitted a petition to the House of Assembly, in which he states that he did not wish to throw any impediment in the way of the committee, who were investigating the case of the Chief Justice Foucher. He had refused to give up some official documents, but their contents were open to the inspection of the committee; but his duty to the government would not warrant his giving up the possession of official documents,

In the Court of King's Bench of Montreal, bills of indictment were found by the grand jury against Duncan Cameron, and John Dugald Cameron, partners of the North West Company; and against Cuthbert Grant, William Shaw, and Peter Pangman, clerks of the said Company; and against George Campbell and others, for the felonious seizure in 1816, of the cannon sent from England for the defence of the colony of Red River.

SOUTH AMERICA.

About 30,000 stand of arms had arrived at St Thomas's, from Bourdeaux, accompanied by several of Bonaparte's officers, and an aid-de-camp of Murat; all of whom, it is asserted, intend joining the insurgents of South America.

The ministers of Austria, France, Great Britain, Prussia, and Russia, have delivered to the marquis de Aguilar, the King of Portugal's minister for foreign affairs, a note, dated Paris, 16th March, in which they express their surprise at the occupation of a part of the Spanish possessions on the river Plate, by the Portuguese troops of Brazil; and announcing their intention to take cognizance and part in this affair, in consequence of an application made to them by the Court of Spain, they call upon his iost faithful majesty to explain his views,

and to take the most prompt and proper measures to dissipate the just alarms which his invasion of the Spanish possessions has occasioned.

A great sensation has been excited in Europe, by the accounts lately received of a formidable insurrection having broken out in Brazil on the 6th of March. According to the reports first received, seven provinces of this extensive empire had revolted from the house of Braganza, and declared for independence, liberty of conscience, and a federal government. By later accounts, however, it appears, that the revolt had not as yet extended beyond the provinces of Pernambuco, and that an attempt to subvert the royal government at Bahia had failed, and the conspirators been apprehended.

The revolution in the Brazils is not the only great event that has taken place in the new world. By the Colonel Allan, Captain M'Lennon, arrived from the North West Company's settlement, on the river Columbia, and last from Buenos Ayres, letters and gazettes to 16th March have been received, which state that the Buenos Ayres army, commanded by General San Martin, and destined to free Chili from its Spanish oppressors, has met with most complete success. On the 12th February, the patriots met the royalists near Chabuco, defeated them in a general action, and the result of this victory was the complete downfall of Spanish power in this interesting portion of the South American Continent. A new form of government was instantly organised in the capital of Santiago, and the supreme directorship confided to Don Barnard O'Higgins, who issued a proclamation, congratulatory of the event, to the people of Chili. On the 13th of March, three of the enemy's standards, two taken on the coast of Valpariso, and the other at Llamparaes in Upper Peru, reached Buenos Ayres. The former Spanish governor of Chili, Marco del Pont, had been taken by the patriots. The brave army of the Andes, with General San Martin at its head, had covered itself with glory, and was expected to recross the mountains before the winter closed them, with a large body of Chilenian auxiliaries, to fall on the rear of the royalist army acting in Peru. Such a succession of important events had given fresh life and tone to every thing at Buenos Ayres, from whence all the Portuguese had been banished to Luxan.

Accounts from Buenos Ayres of the 14th April state, that General S. Martin was to set out in a few days from thence to join his army in Lima, and that he would have 10,000 men organized and really to act against Peru, when the season for operation commenced. The differences between the government of Buenos Ayres and the Portuguese at Monte Video had been amicably

settled. The Portuguese governor having apologised for the offensive part of his manifesto, Artagas had, about the middle of March, surprised the outposts of the Portuguese army in the vicinity of Monte Video, and driven away 4000 head of cattle, upon which the Portuguese army took the field in pursuit of them; but falling into an ambuscade, in which they had lost nearly 600 men, they had retreated to Monte Video, followed by Artagas, who, when the last accounts came away, had possession of the mount, and the Portuguese had no footing beyond the reach of their guns. The Portuguese army did not exceed 5500 effective men, and it was supposed they would evacuate the place.

Some of the accounts state, that in the immediate vicinity of Buenos Ayres, the Portuguese had ceased to excite the slight est alarm. The troops at Monte Video were greatly tainted with insubordination. The Brazilian militia incorporated with the other troops had turned to the right about, and retired to their homes. The regular government troops remained behind; but in order to obtain supplies with the greater facility, they were obliged to be encamped in small divisions at considerable distances from each

The Caraccas Gazette of the 18th April, publishes the official detailed account of the recapture of Barcellona by the Spanish royalists, during the absence of Bolivar and his troops. The siege, however confined as to the scale of operations, was rendered memorable by a display of mutual animosity unknown to civil war. It appears that the defenders of Barcelona were enthusias tic in their resistance to the besieging force, that the Spanish commander summoned them to surrender at discretion-that on his summons being rejected, he renewed the attack, and having prevailed at the close of a tremendous conflict, put 700 men, the remnant of the garrison, with half that number of women and children, to the sword.

ASIA

EAST INDIES.

On the 5th November, the Frances Charlotte, with a detachment of the 78th regiment on board, struck on a reef off the desert Island of Preparis, which lies about half-way between Cape Nigrais, on the coast of Pegue, and the Andamans. On the 10th, Captain Weatherall of the Prince Blucher, on nearing the island, fell in with some boats belonging to the Frances Charlotte, and took on board the crews, who had

been several days without food. Learning that the rest of the seamen and troops, with a number of women and children, had got on shore on the island, he next day sent his boats to fetch the women and children, and as many men as possible. On the 12th they returned with Major Macpherson and his Lady, Mrs Macqueen, the wife of Captain Macqueen, Dr and Mrs Brown, Lieutenants Mackenzie and M'Crummen, with a number of Lascars and soldiers wives and children. A storm coming on, frustrated an attempt to get off the remainder next day. Captain Weatherall then made sail for Calcutta, where he arrived on the 26th. Next day the Nautilus cruiser was sent off with a supply of provisions for the sufferers on the island, which it was supposed she would reach in six days; and to guard against any unfavourable occurrence, another vessel was ordered to proceed for the same destination from Chittagong. There were left on the island, six officers, ninety privates, and forty Lascars. There are several fine springs in the island, and the coast furnishes shell-fish in abundance there is also plenty of wood. Hopes were of course entertained, that they would be able to hold out until the arrival of relief. About ten soldiers and Lascars were lost in quitting the wreck, in consequence of loading themselves too heavily with money and other articles.

The following is a sketch of the military strength of the powers bordering on the British dominions, according to letters from Calcutta, dated November 6:

1. The Seikhs possess a large tract of country; their tribes are headed by Runjeet Sing, a warlike and ambitious leader. Their usual military establishment may be estimated at 28,000. The Seikhs, under our protection can bring into the field about 17,000 soldiers.

2. Scindiah has about 40,000 soldiers; he is said to be in close alliance with the Rajah of Berar, and with the Bhurtpoor Rajah. He has acquired much strength since the Mahratta war, by bringing the feudatory states under his immediate control.

3. Ameer Khan may have 28,000 soldiers; Mahomed Shah and Lall Sing, who generally act with him, can bring 20,000 more into the field. Ameer Khan is generally much in want of money; and when his troops become mutinous from being kept in arrears, he gives them perhaps half their pay, with authority to plunder to the amount of what is still due to them.

4. Holkar is poor, and has only 17,000 men-Ameer Khan, Mahomed Shah, and Lall sing, are nominally his generals.

5. The Pindarees are a tribe of military adventurers, who, having followed the standards of different chiefs, and, from the present tranquil state of Hindoostan, being

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out of employ, have joined with other vagrants, and have cemented themselves into one great body of 40,000 soldiers. These hardy troops infest the neighbouring provinces for plunder, and will fight under any chief who will best pay them."

On the 4th December, Mr Gordon Forbes and Colonel Loveday delivered over the French settlement of Chandernagore to the Commissioners appointed to receive it by Louis XVII. A proclamation was issued, and Te Deum performed on hoisting the French flag, and the English and French functionaries partook of an entertainment, at which the healths of the kings of France and England, and of the Governor-General of India, were drunk with every demonstration of respect.

The Bombay Courier, of the 4th January, contains Major Lushington's account to the resident at Poonah (Mr Elphinstone) of his successful and persevering pursuit of the Pindarees on the 26th and 27th of December. The major is stated to have conducted the expedition with very great skill and address, and deserves the greatest credit. Only one British officer was killed, Captain Darke, of the 4th regiment of light cavalry; no officers were wounded. The principal object of the Pin darees in entering the Concan was to seize a large quantity of kincob (silks) which was exported from Bombay to Chowal for the interior; this they succeeded in, and it was their intention to sweep the coast as far as Surat.

Letters from Calcutta, of the 20th of January, mention, that the cotton-harvest was expected to be very bad. They also speak of the death of the Rajah of Nepaul. On his funeral pile one of his queens, one of his concubines, and five female attendants, resigned themselves to the flames, as a voluntary sacrifice in honour of his memory.

Batavia, March 3.-Conceiving that the annexed intelligence may be interesting, it is forwarded to you, and may be depended upon. His Majesty's ship Alceste was wrecked in the Straits of Gaspar, on the 18th of February. The officers, crew, and passengers, were all saved, and landed safely in Middle Island. His Excellency Lord Amherst, and his lordship's suite, arrived at Batavia on the 22d of February in open boats; and it happening that some British vessels were then lying in the roads, ready for sea, they were despatched the following morning to Middle Island to bring away the officers and crew of his Majesty's ship Alceste from thence. It is hoped that a considerable part of the baggage and property may be saved from the wreck. His Lordship and the gentlemen of his suite are in good health, and will return to England by the first ships expected on their homeward bound passage from China. The return of the vessels sent to Middle Island,

for the officers and crew of his Majesty's ship Alceste, is daily expected.

CHINA.

The following statistical account of this immense empire, may perhaps, at the present moment, excite some interest :Extent of empire in sq. miles, 1,297,990 The same in acres, 830,719,360 Number of inhabitants, 333,000,000 Revenues in sterling, £12,140,625 This gives 256 persons to a square mile, or 2 acres to each, which is full one half more in proportion than the population of England.

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The revenues amount to 84d. a-year each; so that as the British revenue stood in 1815, before the abolition of the incometax, one person in England paid as much as 180 in China.

Industry in China is, nevertheless, carried to the highest degree; and there are not to be found in China either idle persons or beggars. Every small piece of ground is cultivated, and produces something useful; and all sorts of grain are planted, not sowed, by which more seed is saved than would supply all the inhabitants of Britain and Ireland.

In that country every one labours, and even rocks are covered with earth, and made to produce. The sides of mountains are cultivated, and irrigation is very general, and conducted with great art and care. Cloth and paper are made from various vegetables, which in Europe are thrown aside as useless.

In one word, they neither waste time nor space, nor materials, and pay scarcely any taxes; nevertheless they are so poor, that is, they enjoy so few of the necessaries of life, that the law permits the stifling of new-born children, when the parents have not the means of bringing them up!

This account is said to be from the best authorities, and affords abundance of materials for thinking to our speculative economists; but if any thing were wanting to complete the strange result of such a population and so much industry, it is, that the Chinese despise all other nations, but most of all commercial ones, and that they have always as much as possible insisted on having gold or silver in exchange for what they sell to strangers.

Lord Amherst and suite arrived at Canton on the 1st of January. The failure of the embassy is known to have arisen from the demand of the Chinese of the abject ceremony of prostration, which Lord Amherst resisted, not only on general principles, of national dignity, but on the precedent' established by Lord Macartney. The embassy, though not admitted to the Emperor's presence, was, however, treated in its

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