Crimora fair, difguis'd in armour bright,
Her flowing hair loofe waving in the wind.

In manly guife the Fair, thus wont to roam,
With much-lov'd Connal to the wars had stray'd:
Ah, how much better to have staid at home,

Nor ventur'd forth to fight, the luckless Maid!
For aim the took at Dargo's haughty creft,

And drew the bow; but erring flew the dart,
When deep it pierc'd her faithful Connal's breast,
And, fatal error! funk into his heart.

Like a tall oak the mighty Warriour falls;
Or rock that's broken from the craggy hill:
What have I done? diftracted then the calls,
My Connal dear, my lovely youth, to kill!
He bleeds he dies-my murder'd Connal dies-
O ftay, my love, my friend, my Connal, stay-
Thus day and night did hear her mournful cries,
'Till grief had worn the lovely Maid away.
Here Connal's grave was dug, here rais'd his tomb,
Where thro' the grafs ftill fighs the pitying wind;
By Connal's fide, Crimora finding room;

For the fad Mourner ftaid not long behind.

They died, whom Memory long alive shall keep;
And here, beneath this mountain tomb, alone,

At reft, the lovely pair together fleep;

While the green mofs devours the mould'ring ftone.

An Introduction to Botany. Containing Containing an Explanation of the Theory to that Science, and an Interpretation of its Technical Terms. Extracted from the Works of Dr. Linnæus, and calculated to affift fuch as may be defirous of studying that Author's Method and Improvements. With twelve Copper-plates, and two Explanatory Tables. To which is added, an Appendix; containing upwards of two thousand English Names of Plants, referred to their proper Titles in the Linnæan Syftem. By James Lee, Nursery-Man, at the Vineyard, at Hammerfmith. 8vo. 4s. 6d. in Boards. Tonfon.

A

S the study of Botany is of late become a general amusement; and as we have hitherto had no work in our ⚫wn language that profeffedly treats of the Elements of that

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fcience;

fcience; Mr. Lee therefore hopes, that what he now offers to the public, will be confidered as a performance of fome utility. And fo, indeed, it appears to be: for the matter of it is not properly Mr. Lee's, but has been collected (with a good deal of judgment) from the works of the juftly celebrated Dr. Linnæus, whofe labours for the reformation of this science in general, and invention of the Sexual Syftem + in particular, are well known. But as the writings of this learned Profeffor are frequently interfperfed with philofophical and critical remarks of lefs general ufe, Mr. Lee was of opinion, that fuch an Extrat? of his moft material Doctrines, as the prefent, would, in all probability, be better received than a direct Tranflation of any of his works at large.

The present work is divided into three parts, and each part into chapters.-Vegetables, according to Linnæus, are primarily divifible into three parts: 1. The Root; 2. the Herb or Plant itself; 3. the Fructification.The Sexual Syftem is divided into, 1. Claffes; 2. Orders; 3. Genera; 4. Species; 5. Varieties. Now, as the Claffes, Orders, and Genera, which come firft in the Syftem, are established on the Fructification alone, this part of the Vegetable has the preference given it, in point of order; and is the fubject of the first part of the work. In the fecond part is given a full explanation of the Claffes, Orders, and Genera of the Syftem; which contain the whole Theoretic part of it, the doctrines of Species and Varieties having a nearer relation to the Practice.In the third part, the Root and Herb are treated of: and as thefe chiefly furnifh the doctrines that refpect the Species and Varieties, fo they make the conclufion of the work.

Some feu explanations of the fame kind may be found interfperfed in larger works, but not the whole of what a Reader might expect to find; as, in fact, the explaining the Theory of the Science was not the immediate objectof thofe publications.

The Sexual Syftem of Botany is founded on a difcovery that there is in Vegetables, as well as Animals, a depiction of the Sexes. This was not wholly unknown to the antients; but their knowlege of it was very imperfect;—and, the honour of having first suggested the true fexual diftinctions in Plants appears to be due to our own countryman, Sir Thomas Millington; from whofe hints Dr. Grew was led to the obfervations he has given on this fubject, in his Anatomy of Plants. After this Camerarius, Moreland, Bradley, and others, purfued their enquiries and experiments fo far, as to remove all doubt concerning thele difcoveries; and lately, Dr. Linnæus founded thereon his System of Botany,-explained in the work before us.

By

By Fructification is to be understood both the Flower and Fruit of Plants.-Linnæus defines the Fructification to be a temporary part of Vegetables, alloted to Generation, terminating the old Vegetable, and beginning the new. It confifts of feven principal parts, viz.

1. The CALYX, Empalement, or Flower-cup.

2. The COROLLA, Foliation, vulgarly the Leaves of the Flower.

3. The STAMINA, Threads, vulgarly the Chives. The Stamina are the Male part of the Flower*.

4. The PISTILLUM, Pointal.-This is the Female the Flower.

5. The PERICARPIUM, Seed-veffel.

6. The SEMINA, Seeds themselves.

part

of

7. The RECEPTACLE, Bafe, on which the Fructification is feated.

After having treated of the distinct characters of the above feven parts of Fructification; he proceeds to the most natural Structure of each, and then to their Singularities.

In the fecond part we are told, that the Sexual Syftem, invented by Dr. Linnæus, is founded on the parts of Fructification described in the former part of this work: These having been obferved with more accuracy, fince the discovery of the ufes for which nature has affigned them, a new fet of principles have been derived from them; by means of which the diftribution of Plants has been brought to a greater ⚫ precifion, and rendered more conformable to true Philofophy. in this fyftem, than in any one of those which preceded it.

By the Sexual Syftem, Plants are difpofed according to the number, proportion, and fituation of the Stamina and Piftilla.-The first general divifion of the whole body of Vegetables is into twenty-four Claffes; thefe are again fubdivided into Orders, the Orders into Genera, the Genera into Species, and the Species into Varieties, where there are any ⚫ worthy of note.'

The twenty-four Claffes of Vegetables, as given by Lin

næus, are,

• The Flowers of the generality of Vegetables (tho' not all of them) are bermaphrodite, containing within them the characters of both fexes; but in fome, the fexes are parted, and allotted to different Flowers, and in a few, even to different Plants.

1. MONANDRIA; the Flowers of this clafs have but one Hufband, or Stamen.

two Stamina longer than the reft. 15. TETRADYNAMIA,

the power of four :- this clafs has four Stamina longer than the rest.

16. MONADELPHIA, a fingle brotherhood, i. e. having one fet of Stamina united at the base.

17. DIADELPHIA, - a double brotherhood, i. e. having two fets of Stamina fo united.

18. POLYADELPHIA, many brotherhoods, or fets of Stamina united as above.

congeneration; alluding to all the

---

19. SYNGENESIA, Stamina performing their office together. 20. GYNANDRIA, wife and husband, — the male and female parts of the clafs are united. 21. MONOECIA, of a fingle houfe, - the male and female flowers both on the fame plant. 22. DIOECIA, of two boufes,-the male flowers on one plant, the female on another.

23. POLYGAMIA, plurality of marriages, this clafs produces flowers of each fex, as well as hermaphrodite flowers. 24. CRYPTOGAMIA, concealment of marriages, - this class consists of fuch plants as either bear their flowers concealed within the fruit, or so small as to be imperceptible.

After the Claffes he proceeds to explain the Orders into which they are fubdivided, and thefe are chiefly denominated from the different number of Piftilla, or female parts of the flower: but for thefe, as well as the Genera, we must refer to the fecond part of the work itself.

In the third part, the two remaining parts of the vegetable, viz. the Root and Herb are treated of; and as thefe chiefly furnish the doctrines that refpect the laft divifions of

the

the fyftem, viz. Species and Varieties, they are included in this part.

Linnæus divides Vegetables in general into the feven following Families, viz.

I. FUNGI, Mushrooms.
2. ALGE, Flags.
3. Musci, Moffes.
4. FILICES, Ferns.
5. GRAMINA, Graffes.
6. PALMA, Palms.

7. PLANTS, which include all that do not enter into any of the other divifions; and these are,

1. Herbaceous, 2. Shrubs, or 3. Trees.

After having thus diftinguished Vegetables at large, he next proceeds to their feveral Parts; as the Root, Herb, Trunk, Leaves, &c. But it is impoffible for us to enter into the minutia of fo extenfive a fcience as that of Botany, within the narrow limits of an article: we fhall therefore conclude the prefent, with Mr. Lee's Explanation of the TABLES, added to the work, and his Hints concerning the Manner of Studying Botany by the Help of this Book.

The firft Table is divided into three columns; the firft ' of which contains the names of the Genera admitted by Linnæus alphabetically difpofed; the fecond, the English names; and the laft, the names of the Claffes and Orders, to which the Genera refpectively belong.

• The fecond Table is likewife divided into three columns; the first of which contains the generic names that are now • out of use, alphabetically difpofed; the fecond, the Eng

lish names; and the third, the names of the Linnæan Ge• nera, under which they are respectively to be fought in the <firft Table.

By the help of these Tables, the Reader will be enabled to find the Clafs and Order of any Plant he may propofe to examine, after he has informed himself of its botanic name: for if the name given him be not the fame admitted by the Author we have followed, and confequently not to be met with in the first Table, he will probably find it in the fecond, which will refer him to the firft.

By thefe Tables, properly ufed in conjunction with the • book

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