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EDINBURGH T. CONSTABLE, PRINTER TO HER MAJESTY.
OF THE
PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN MIND.
VOL. II.
TO THESE ARE PREFIXED,
INTRODUCTION AND PART FIRST
OUTLINES OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY.
WITH MANY NEW AND IMPORTANT ADDITIONS.
BY
DUGALD STEWART, ESQ.
EDITED BY
SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON, BART.
EDINBURGH: THOMAS CONSTABLE AND CO.
LITTLE, BROWN, AND CO., BOSTON, U.S.
MDCCCLIV.
OF REASON, OR THE UNDERSTANDING PROPERLY SO CALLED; AND
THE VARIOUS FACULTIES AND OPERATIONS MORE IMMEDIATELY
CONNECTED WITH IT.
OBSERVATIONS on the VagueNESS AND AMBIGUITY OF THE COMMON PHILO-
SOPHICAL LANGUAGE RELATIVE TO THIS PART OF OUR CONSTITUTION
-REASON AND REASONING-UNDERSTANDING INTELLECT-JUDG-
MENT, &c.
CHAPTER I.
OF THE FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF HUMAN BELIEF; OR THE PRIMARY
ELEMENTS OF HUMAN REASON.
SECTION 1. Of Mathematical Axioms,
[SUBSECTION] 1. [Their Nature,]
[SUBSECTION] 2. Continuation of the same Subject,
SECT. 2. Of certain Laws of Belief, inseparably connected with the
exercise of Consciousness, Memory, Perception, and Reasoning,
SECT. 3. Continuation of the Subject.-Critical Remarks on some late
Controversies to which it has given rise.-Of the Appeals which Dr.
Reid and some other Modern Writers have made, in their Philosophical
Discussions, to Common Sense, as a Criterion of Truth,
PAGE
1
23
24
36
40
51
CHAPTER II.
OF REASONING AND OF Deductive EVIDENCE.
SECT. 1. [Of Intuition as opposed to Reasoning,]
70
[SUBSECT.] 1. Doubts with respect to Locke's Distinction between
the Powers of Intuition and of Reasoning, .
[SUBSECT.] 2. Conclusions obtained by a Process of Deduction often
mistaken for Intuitive Judgments,
76
[SUBSECT.] 1. Illustrations of some Remarks formerly stated in treat-
ing of Abstraction,
[SUBSECT.] 2. Continuation of the Subject.-Of Language considered
as an Instrument of Thought,
[SUBSECT.] 3. Continuation of the Subject.—Visionary Theories of
some Logicians, occasioned by their inattention to the Essential
Distinction between Mathematics and other Sciences,
[SUBSECT.] 4. Continuation of the Subject.-Peculiar and Super-
eminent Advantages possessed by Mathematicians, in consequence
of their definite Phraseology,
81
97
104
111
SECT. 3. Of Mathematical Demonstration,
113
[SUBSECT.] 1. Of the Circumstance on which Demonstrative Evidence
essentially depends,
[SUBSECT.] 2. Continuation of the Subject.-How far it is true that
all Mathematical Evidence is resolvable into Identical Propositions,
[SUBSECT.] 3. Continuation of the Subject.-Evidence of the Me-
chanical Philosophy, not to be confounded with that which is pro-
perly called Demonstrative or Mathematical.-Opposite Error of
some late Writers,
SECT. 4. Of our Reasonings concerning Probable or Contingent Truths,
[SUBSECT.] 1. Narrow Field of Demonstrative Evidence.-Of Demon-
strative Evidence, when combined with that of Sense, as in Practical
Geometry; and with those of Sense and of Induction, as in the
Mechanical Philosophy.-Remarks on a Fundamental Law of Belief,
[an Expectation of the Constancy of Nature,] involved in all our
Reasonings concerning Contingent Truths,
123
134
153
[SUBSECT.] 2. Continuation of the Subject.-Of that Permanence or
Stability in the order of Nature which is presupposed in our Reason-
ings concerning Contingent Truths,
157
[SUBSECT.] 3. Continuation of the Subject.-General Remarks on the
Difference between the Evidence of Experience and that of Analogy,
171